BrainAreaLPC
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Peripheral Control Area
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Contents
- 1 Local Circuits
- 1.1 Breathing and Swallowing Motor
- 1.2 Vestibular Sensory and Motor
- 1.3 Vision Motor
- 1.4 Vision Sensory
- 1.5 Control Body Extensors
- 1.6 Control Body Generic Flexors
- 1.7 Control Body Special Flexors
- 1.8 Control Face Muscles
- 1.9 Auditory Sense
- 1.10 Common Body Sensations
- 1.11 Lower Body Conscious Sensations
- 1.12 Upper Body Conscious Sensations
- 1.13 Sensory Face
- 1.14 Pain Sensations
- 1.15 Smell Senses
- 1.16 Taste Senses
- 1.17 Unconscious Cerebellar Sensations
- 2 Thirdparty Circuits
- 3 References
Local Circuits
(generated)
Breathing and Swallowing Motor
| Component ID | Component Name | Type | Service | Function | Comments |
| LPC.HL.AMB | Ambiguus Nucleus | nucleus | LRM | Control muscles of the soft palate, pharynx, and larnyx | On par with VGM, speech; speech and swallowing |
| LPC.SC.VH.PHR | Phrenic Nucleus | nucleus | LMD | Innervation of diaphragm | Projections from Nucleus Solitarius |
Internal Region Connections:
- no connections
External Inbound Region Connections:
| Source Area | Local Region | Source Region | Source Name | Type | Reference |
| Cortical | |||||
| NMA | LPC.HL.AMB | NMA.NC.MC | Motor Cortex | neocortex-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| Subcortical | |||||
| LMC | LPC.HL.AMB | LMC.MM.PAG | Periaqueductal Gray Matter | nucleus-nucleus-ENK | (unknown reference) |
| LPC | LPC.HL.AMB | LPC.HL.SOL | Solitary Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| LRC | LPC.HL.AMB | LRC.HL.RA | Retroambigualis Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| LRC.HT.PRF.CRF | Caudal Pontine Reticular Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Vocal Control (RF -> NucleusAmbiguus, abstract) | ||
| LPC.SC.VH.PHR | LRC.HL.RA | Retroambigualis Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
External Outbound Region Connections:
| Target Area | Local Region | Target Region | Target Name | Type | Reference |
| Target | |||||
| TEA | LPC.HL.AMB | TARGET.TEA.FEEDER | Mouth feeder | TARGET.TEA.FEEDER-inferior-pharyngeal-constrictor-muscle | (unknown reference) |
| TARGET.TEA.LUNG | Lung | TARGET.TEA.LUNG-stylopharyngeus-muscle | (unknown reference) | ||
| TARGET.TEA.SPEAKER | Mouth speaker | TARGET.TEA.SPEAKER-arytenoid-muscle | (unknown reference) | ||
| LPC.SC.VH.PHR | TARGET.TEA.LUNG | Lung | TARGET.TEA.LUNG-thoracic-diaphragm | (unknown reference) | |
| TSA | LPC.HL.AMB | TARGET.TSA.NOSE | Nose | TARGET.TSA.NOSE-nose-salpingopharyngeus | (unknown reference) |
Vestibular Sensory and Motor
| Component ID | Component Name | Type | Service | Function | Comments |
| LPC.HT.IVBN | Inferior Vestibular Nuclei | nucleus | LSM | maintain balance, coordinating postural adjustments | to CR; to oculomotor, trochlear, abducens, accessory oculomotor |
| LPC.HT.LVBN | Lateral Vestibular Nucleus | nucleus | LSM | controlling body position | to sacral, ipsilateral - lateral vestibulospinal tract |
| LPC.HT.MVBN | Medial Vestibular Nucleus | nucleus | LSM | controlling head position, integrate head and eye movements; maintain balance, coordinating postural adjustments; coordination for horizontal eye movements |
to thoracic, bilateral - medial vestibulospinal tract in MLF; to CR; to oculomotor, trochlear, abducens, accessory oculomotor |
| LPC.HT.SVBN | Superior Vestibular Nucleus | nucleus | LSM | conscious perception of movement and gravity | to oculomotor, trochlear, abducens, accessory oculomotor; to VPI |
| LPC.PN.SG.CVB | Vestibular Ganglion - Semicircular Canal Neurons | sensory ganglion | LSC | Relay head movements in 3D coords | |
| LPC.PN.SG.SVB | Vestibular Ganglion - Saccule Neurons | sensory ganglion | LSC | Relay vertical linear acceleration | |
| LPC.PN.SG.UVB | Vestibular Ganglion - Utricle Neurons | sensory ganglion | LSC | Relay horizontal linear acceleration |
Internal Region Connections:
| Source Region | Target Region | Type | Reference |
| LPC.PN.SG.CVB | LPC.HT.MVBN | ganglion-nucleus | Cerebellum functional divisions (VBG -> VB, abstract) |
| LPC.HT.SVBN | ganglion-nucleus | Cerebellum functional divisions (VBG -> VB, abstract) | |
| LPC.PN.SG.SVB | LPC.HT.IVBN | ganglion-nucleus | Cerebellum functional divisions (VBG -> VB, abstract) |
| LPC.HT.LVBN | ganglion-nucleus | Cerebellum functional divisions (VBG -> VB, abstract) | |
| LPC.PN.SG.UVB | LPC.HT.LVBN | ganglion-nucleus | Cerebellum functional divisions (VBG -> VB, abstract) |
External Inbound Region Connections:
| Source Area | Local Region | Source Region | Source Name | Type | Reference |
| Subcortical | |||||
| LPC | LPC.HT.IVBN | LPC.SC.IZ.CCV | Central Cervical Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| LRC | LPC.HT.IVBN | LRC.HT.PRF.RPO | Oral Pontine Reticular Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| LPC.HT.LVBN | LRC.HT.CR.FG | Fastigual Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Cerebellum functional divisions (FG -> VB, abstract) | |
| LPC.HT.MVBN | LRC.HT.CR.FN | Cerebellar Flocconodular Lobe | nucleus-nucleus-gaba | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC.HT.SVBN | LRC.HT.CR.FN | Cerebellar Flocconodular Lobe | nucleus-nucleus-gaba | (unknown reference) | |
| Target | |||||
| TSA | LPC.PN.SG.CVB | TARGET.TSA.EAR | Ear | TARGET.TSA.EAR-ear-semicircular-canals | (unknown reference) |
| LPC.PN.SG.SVB | TARGET.TSA.EAR | Ear | TARGET.TSA.EAR-ear-saccule | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC.PN.SG.UVB | TARGET.TSA.EAR | Ear | TARGET.TSA.EAR-ear-utricle | (unknown reference) |
External Outbound Region Connections:
| Target Area | Local Region | Target Region | Target Name | Type | Reference |
| Cortical | |||||
| NSA | LPC.HT.MVBN | NSA.FD.TH.SG | Suprageniculate Nucleus of Thalamus | nucleus-nucleus | Head Direction Cell Circuit (MVSN -> SUPGEN) |
| LPC.HT.SVBN | NSA.FD.TH.SG | Suprageniculate Nucleus of Thalamus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) | |
| Subcortical | |||||
| LPC | LPC.HT.LVBN | LPC.SC.VH.VL | Ventrolateral Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Cerebellum functional divisions (VB -> SCM, abstract) |
| LPC.HT.MVBN | LPC.HT.ABD | Abducens Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC.MM.OCN | Oculomotor Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) | ||
| LPC.MM.TRH | Trochlear Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) | ||
| LPC.SC.VH.SAN | Spinal Accessory Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Cerebellum functional divisions (VB -> SCM, abstract) | ||
| LPC.HT.SVBN | LPC.MM.OCN | Oculomotor Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC.MM.TRH | Trochlear Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) | ||
| LRC | LPC.HT.IVBN | LRC.HT.CR.FN | Cerebellar Flocconodular Lobe | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| LRC.HT.PRF.CRF | Caudal Pontine Reticular Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) (VestibularNuclei -> PPRF, abstract) | ||
| LPC.HT.LVBN | LRC.HL.RF.SLRN | Lateral Reticular Nucleus, Subtrigeminal | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC.HT.MVBN | LRC.HL.INM | Intercalated Nucleus of Medulla | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) | |
| LRC.HL.NPH | Prepositus Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Head Direction Cell Circuit (MVSN -> NPRP) | ||
| LRC.HT.CR.VM | Cerebellar Vermis | nucleus-allocortex | Cerebellum functional divisions (VB -> CRV, abstract) | ||
| LRC.MM.DSCH | Darkschewitsch Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) | ||
| LPC.PN.SG.SVB | LRC.HT.CR.FN | Cerebellar Flocconodular Lobe | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
Vision Motor
| Component ID | Component Name | Type | Service | Function | Comments |
| LPC.HT.ABD | Abducens Nucleus | nucleus | LMD | Conjugated movements of both eyes | Motoneurons - to muscle, interneurons - to OCN |
| LPC.MM.OCN | Oculomotor Nucleus | nucleus | LMD | Change Eye Direction | Muscle nucleus |
| LPC.MM.TRH | Trochlear Nucleus | nucleus | LMD | Control superior oblique muscles of eyes | Muscle nucleus, change eye direction |
Internal Region Connections:
| Source Region | Target Region | Type | Reference |
| LPC.HT.ABD | LPC.MM.OCN | nucleus-nucleus | Vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) (Abducens -> Oculomotor) |
External Inbound Region Connections:
| Source Area | Local Region | Source Region | Source Name | Type | Reference |
| Subcortical | |||||
| LPC | LPC.HT.ABD | LPC.HT.FCM | Facial Motor Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Eye blink reflex and pupillary light reflex (Facial -> Abducens) |
| LPC.HT.MVBN | Medial Vestibular Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) | ||
| LPC.MM.OCN | LPC.HL.TGS.STR | Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Eye blink reflex and pupillary light reflex (SpinalTrigeminal -> Oculomotor) | |
| LPC.HT.MVBN | Medial Vestibular Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) | ||
| LPC.HT.SVBN | Superior Vestibular Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) | ||
| LPC.MM.TRH | LPC.HT.MVBN | Medial Vestibular Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC.HT.SVBN | Superior Vestibular Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) | ||
| LRC | LPC.HT.ABD | LRC.HT.PRF.RPO | Oral Pontine Reticular Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) (PPRF -> Abducens, abstract) |
| LRC.MM.SC.DEEP | Deep Superior Colliculus | nucleus-nucleus | Retina and superior colliculus targets (SC -> Abducens, abstract) | ||
| LPC.MM.OCN | LRC.HT.PRF.RPO | Oral Pontine Reticular Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Global visual system (RF -> OPN, abstract) | |
| LRC.MM.CJ | Cajal Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Eye blink reflex and pupillary light reflex (SupraOculomotor -> Oculomotor, abstract) | ||
| LRC.MM.PT.SL | Sublentiform Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) | ||
| LRC.MM.RIMLF | Rostral Interstitial Nucleus of MLF | nucleus-nucleus | Eye blink reflex and pupillary light reflex (SupraOculomotor -> Oculomotor, abstract) | ||
| LRC.MM.SC.DEEP | Deep Superior Colliculus | nucleus-nucleus | Retina and superior colliculus targets (SC -> Oculomotor, abstract) | ||
| LPC.MM.TRH | LRC.MM.CJ | Cajal Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) | |
| LRC.MM.SC.DEEP | Deep Superior Colliculus | nucleus-nucleus | Retina and superior colliculus targets (SC -> Trochlear, abstract) |
External Outbound Region Connections:
| Target Area | Local Region | Target Region | Target Name | Type | Reference |
| Target | |||||
| TSA | LPC.HT.ABD | TARGET.TSA.EYE | Eye | TARGET.TSA.EYE-eye-muscle-rotate-vestibular | Eye blink reflex and pupillary light reflex (Abducens -> EYE) |
| LPC.MM.OCN | TARGET.TSA.EYE | Eye | TARGET.TSA.EYE-eye-muscle-rotate-major-inferior-oblique | Eye blink reflex and pupillary light reflex (Oculomotor -> EYE) | |
| LPC.MM.TRH | TARGET.TSA.EYE | Eye | TARGET.TSA.EYE-eye-muscle-rotate-minor | Extraocular eye muscles (TRC -> EYE) |
Vision Sensory
| Component ID | Component Name | Type | Service | Function | Comments |
| LPC.FD.RT | Retinal Nucleus | nucleus | LSC | Spatial decorrelation through center surround inhibition | 100:1 cones/rods to ganglion cells aggregation, edge extraction; inner nuclear layer (5) and ganglion cell layer (3) |
| LPC.PN.SG.RT | Retinal Ganglion | sensory ganglion | LSC | Capture sensory signal from rods and cones and transfer to retinal nucleus | layer 7 of cell bodies of rods and cones, which are layer 9 of retina |
Internal Region Connections:
| Source Region | Target Region | Type | Reference |
| LPC.PN.SG.RT | LPC.FD.RT | ganglion-nucleus | Retinal layers (INNER -> GANGLION) |
External Inbound Region Connections:
| Source Area | Local Region | Source Region | Source Name | Type | Reference |
| Target | |||||
| TSA | LPC.PN.SG.RT | TARGET.TSA.EYE | Eye | TARGET.TSA.EYE-eye-edge-output | Vision Components (EYE -> RT) |
External Outbound Region Connections:
| Target Area | Local Region | Target Region | Target Name | Type | Reference |
| Cortical | |||||
| NPE | LPC.FD.RT | NPE.FD.TH.MPV | Medial Pulvinar | nucleus-nucleus | Retina and superior colliculus targets (Retina -> Pulvinar, abstract) |
| NSA | LPC.FD.RT | NSA.FD.LGN | Lateral Geniculate Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Geniculate and Extyrageniculate Paths (Retina -> LGN) |
| Subcortical | |||||
| LAC | LPC.FD.RT | LAC.FD.HT.SCN | Suprachiasmatic Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Effect of light on pupil diameter (RET -> SCN) |
| LRC | LPC.FD.RT | LRC.MM.PT.NOT | Nucleus of Optic Tract | nucleus-nucleus | Targets of retina neurons (Retina -> Pretectum, abstract) |
| LRC.MM.PT.PON | Pretectal Olivary Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Effect of light on pupil diameter (RET -> OPN) | ||
| LRC.MM.PT.SL | Sublentiform Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Targets of retina neurons (Retina -> Pretectum, abstract) | ||
| LRC.MM.SC.SUP | Superficial Superior Colliculus | nucleus-nucleus | Geniculate and Extyrageniculate Paths (Retina -> SC, abstract) |
Control Body Extensors
| Component ID | Component Name | Type | Service | Function | Comments |
| LPC.SC.VH.VL | Ventrolateral Nucleus | nucleus | LMD | Innervation of limb muscles | Upper and lower |
| LPC.SC.VH.VM | Ventromedial Nucleus | nucleus | LMD | Innervation of trunk muscles | Upper and lower |
Internal Region Connections:
- no connections
External Inbound Region Connections:
| Source Area | Local Region | Source Region | Source Name | Type | Reference |
| Subcortical | |||||
| LPC | LPC.SC.VH.VL | LPC.HT.LVBN | Lateral Vestibular Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Cerebellum functional divisions (VB -> SCM, abstract) |
| LRC | LPC.SC.VH.VL | LRC.HT.PRF.RPO | Oral Pontine Reticular Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Cerebellum functional divisions (RF -> SCM, abstract) |
| LPC.SC.VH.VM | LRC.HL.RF.MED | Central Medullary Reticular Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Motor neurons control (MRF -> EGMN, abstract) | |
| LRC.HT.PRF.RPO | Oral Pontine Reticular Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Cerebellum functional divisions (RF -> SCM, abstract) |
External Outbound Region Connections:
| Target Area | Local Region | Target Region | Target Name | Type | Reference |
| Subcortical | |||||
| LAC | LPC.SC.VH.VL | LAC.HL.TGS.PE5 | Peritrigeminal Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| Target | |||||
| TEA | LPC.SC.VH.VL | TARGET.TEA.HAND | Hand | TARGET.TEA.HAND-abductor-pollicis-longus-muscle | (unknown reference) |
| TARGET.TEA.LEG | Leg | TARGET.TEA.LEG-extensor-digitorum-brevis-muscle | (unknown reference) | ||
| LPC.SC.VH.VM | TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA | Genitalia | TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA-pubococcygeus-muscle | (unknown reference) | |
| TARGET.TEA.HAND | Hand | TARGET.TEA.HAND-posteriolateral-deltoid-muscle | (unknown reference) | ||
| TARGET.TEA.LEG | Leg | TARGET.TEA.LEG-gluteus-maximus-muscle | (unknown reference) | ||
| TARGET.TEA.NECK | Neck | TARGET.TEA.NECK-neck-obliquus-capitis-inferior-muscle | (unknown reference) | ||
| TARGET.TEA.RECTUM | Rectum | TARGET.TEA.RECTUM-coccygeus-muscle | (unknown reference) | ||
| TARGET.TEA.SPEAKER | Mouth speaker | TARGET.TEA.SPEAKER-larynx-thyrohyoid-muscle | (unknown reference) | ||
| TARGET.TEA.TRUNK | Trunk | TARGET.TEA.TRUNK-semispinalis-capitis-muscle | (unknown reference) |
Control Body Generic Flexors
| Component ID | Component Name | Type | Service | Function | Comments |
| LPC.SC.VH.PL | Posterolateral Nucleus | nucleus | LMD | Innervation of limb muscles | Upper and lower proximal muscles |
| LPC.SC.VH.PM | Posteromedial Nucleus | nucleus | LMD | Innervation of trunk muscles | Upper and lower |
Internal Region Connections:
- no connections
External Inbound Region Connections:
| Source Area | Local Region | Source Region | Source Name | Type | Reference |
| Cortical | |||||
| NMA | LPC.SC.VH.PL | NMA.NC.MC | Motor Cortex | neocortex-nucleus | Cerebellum functional divisions (CTX -> SCM, abstract) |
| LPC.SC.VH.PM | NMA.NC.MC | Motor Cortex | neocortex-nucleus | Cerebellum functional divisions (CTX -> SCM, abstract) | |
| Subcortical | |||||
| LLC | LPC.SC.VH.PL | LLC.MM.RD | Red Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Motor neurons control (RD -> FAMN, abstract) |
| LPC.SC.VH.PM | LLC.MM.RD | Red Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Motor neurons control (RD -> FAMN, abstract) | |
| LRC | LPC.SC.VH.PL | LRC.HL.PRF.GCR | Gigantocellular Reticular Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Motor neurons control (MRF -> EGMN, abstract) |
| LPC.SC.VH.PM | LRC.HL.PRF.GCR | Gigantocellular Reticular Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Motor neurons control (MRF -> EGMN, abstract) |
External Outbound Region Connections:
| Target Area | Local Region | Target Region | Target Name | Type | Reference |
| Target | |||||
| TEA | LPC.SC.VH.PL | TARGET.TEA.HAND | Hand | TARGET.TEA.HAND-biceps-muscle | (unknown reference) |
| TARGET.TEA.LEG | Leg | TARGET.TEA.LEG-gastrocnemius-muscle | (unknown reference) | ||
| LPC.SC.VH.PM | TARGET.TEA.HAND | Hand | TARGET.TEA.HAND-anterior-deltoid-muscle | (unknown reference) | |
| TARGET.TEA.LEG | Leg | TARGET.TEA.LEG-leg-adductor-brevis-muscle | (unknown reference) | ||
| TARGET.TEA.TRUNK | Trunk | TARGET.TEA.TRUNK-trunk-abdominal-external-oblique-muscle | (unknown reference) |
Control Body Special Flexors
| Component ID | Component Name | Type | Service | Function | Comments |
| LPC.SC.VH.ONF | Onuf's Nucleus | nucleus | LAM | Maintenance of urination and defecation, muscular contraction during orgasm | From Barrington's Nucleus |
| LPC.SC.VH.RPL | Retroposterolateral Nucleus | nucleus | LMD | Innervation of limbs muscles | Fingers |
| LPC.SC.VH.SAN | Spinal Accessory Nucleus | nucleus | LMD | Control of neck | Rotate head, continuus from AMB |
Internal Region Connections:
- no connections
External Inbound Region Connections:
| Source Area | Local Region | Source Region | Source Name | Type | Reference |
| Cortical | |||||
| NMA | LPC.SC.VH.ONF | NMA.NC.MC | Motor Cortex | neocortex-nucleus | Cerebellum functional divisions (CTX -> SCM, abstract) |
| LPC.SC.VH.RPL | NMA.NC.MC | Motor Cortex | neocortex-nucleus | Cerebellum functional divisions (CTX -> SCM, abstract) | |
| Subcortical | |||||
| LAC | LPC.SC.VH.ONF | LAC.FD.HT.PV | Paraventricular Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| LAC.HT.BR | Barrington's Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Schematic overview of spinobulbospinal micturition reflex pathway (BAR -> ONF) | ||
| LPC | LPC.SC.VH.SAN | LPC.HT.MVBN | Medial Vestibular Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Cerebellum functional divisions (VB -> SCM, abstract) |
| LRC | LPC.SC.VH.ONF | LRC.HL.RA | Retroambigualis Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| LPC.SC.VH.SAN | LRC.HT.PRF.RPO | Oral Pontine Reticular Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Cerebellum functional divisions (RF -> SCM, abstract) | |
| LRC.MM.SC.DEEP | Deep Superior Colliculus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
External Outbound Region Connections:
| Target Area | Local Region | Target Region | Target Name | Type | Reference |
| Target | |||||
| TEA | LPC.SC.VH.ONF | TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA | Genitalia | TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA-bulbospongiosus-muscle | (unknown reference) |
| TARGET.TEA.RECTUM | Rectum | TARGET.TEA.RECTUM-corrugator-cutis-ani-muscle | (unknown reference) | ||
| TARGET.TEA.URETER | Ureter | TARGET.TEA.URETER-external-urethral-sphincter-female | (unknown reference) | ||
| LPC.SC.VH.RPL | TARGET.TEA.HAND | Hand | TARGET.TEA.HAND-abductor-digiti-minimi-muscle | (unknown reference) | |
| TARGET.TEA.LEG | Leg | TARGET.TEA.LEG-flexor-longus-digitorum-muscle | (unknown reference) | ||
| LPC.SC.VH.SAN | TARGET.TEA.FEEDER | Mouth feeder | TARGET.TEA.FEEDER-geniohyoid-muscle | (unknown reference) | |
| TARGET.TEA.NECK | Neck | TARGET.TEA.NECK-neck-longus-capitis | (unknown reference) |
Control Face Muscles
| Component ID | Component Name | Type | Service | Function | Comments |
| LPC.HL.HYG | Hypoglossal Motor Nucleus | nucleus | LMD | Control of tongue | |
| LPC.HT.FCM | Facial Motor Nucleus | nucleus | LMD | Control of face | Pons |
| LPC.HT.TRM | Trigeminal Motor Nucleus | nucleus | LMD | Muscles of first branchial arch | Pontine Nuclei, lower face and jaw control, Motor Nucleus of V n. |
Internal Region Connections:
- no connections
External Inbound Region Connections:
| Source Area | Local Region | Source Region | Source Name | Type | Reference |
| Subcortical | |||||
| LPC | LPC.HT.TRM | LPC.MM.MSTR | Mesencephalic Trigeminal Nucleus | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| LRC | LPC.HL.HYG | LRC.HT.KFN | Kolliker-Fuse Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| LRC.HT.NSC | Nucleus Subceruleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) | ||
| LRC.HT.PRF.CRF | Caudal Pontine Reticular Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Vocal Control (RF -> NucleusXII, abstract) | ||
| LPC.HT.FCM | LRC.HL.TGS.PA5 | Paratrigeminal Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) | |
| LRC.HT.PRF.CRF | Caudal Pontine Reticular Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Vocal Control (RF -> MotorVII, abstract) | ||
| LRC.HT.PRF.PVR | Parvocellular Reticular Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Vocal Control (RF -> MotorVII, abstract) | ||
| LPC.HT.TRM | LRC.HT.PRF.CRF | Caudal Pontine Reticular Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Vocal Control (RF -> MotorV, abstract) | |
| LRC.HT.PRF.PVR | Parvocellular Reticular Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Vocal Control (RF -> MotorV, abstract) |
External Outbound Region Connections:
| Target Area | Local Region | Target Region | Target Name | Type | Reference |
| Subcortical | |||||
| LPC | LPC.HT.FCM | LPC.HT.ABD | Abducens Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Eye blink reflex and pupillary light reflex (Facial -> Abducens) |
| Target | |||||
| TEA | LPC.HL.HYG | TARGET.TEA.FEEDER | Mouth feeder | TARGET.TEA.FEEDER-chondroglossus-muscle | (unknown reference) |
| LPC.HT.FCM | TARGET.TEA.FACE | Face | TARGET.TEA.FACE-depressor-anguli-oris-muscle | (unknown reference) | |
| TARGET.TEA.FEEDER | Mouth feeder | TARGET.TEA.FEEDER-buccinator-muscle | (unknown reference) | ||
| LPC.HT.TRM | TARGET.TEA.FEEDER | Mouth feeder | TARGET.TEA.FEEDER-digastric-muscle-trigeminal | (unknown reference) | |
| TSA | LPC.HT.FCM | TARGET.TSA.EAR | Ear | TARGET.TSA.EAR-ear-anterior-auricular-muscle | (unknown reference) |
| TARGET.TSA.EYE | Eye | TARGET.TSA.EYE-eye-muscle-close-conscious-lacrimal | (unknown reference) | ||
| TARGET.TSA.NOSE | Nose | TARGET.TSA.NOSE-nose-depressor-septi-nasi | (unknown reference) | ||
| LPC.HT.TRM | TARGET.TSA.EAR | Ear | TARGET.TSA.EAR-ear-tensor-tympani-muscle | (unknown reference) |
Auditory Sense
| Component ID | Component Name | Type | Service | Function | Comments |
| LPC.HL.DCOCH | Dorsal Cochlear Nucleus | nucleus | LSC | Analyzes quality of sound, picks apart tiny frequency differences between close sounds |
|
| LPC.HL.VCOCH | Ventral Cochlear Nucleus | nucleus | LSC | determine direction sound came from, time-sensitive localization | |
| LPC.HT.PN.LL | Nuclei of Lateral Lemniscus | nucleus | LSC | Decoding of amplitude modulated sounds | Prominent columnar organization, cochlea to IC |
| LPC.MM.CIC | Central Nucleus of Inferior Colliculus | nucleus | LSC | Integrate and relay auditory information to cortex, detection of pitch, spatial localization by binaural hearing |
|
| LPC.MM.SOC | Superior Olivary Complex | nucleus | LSC | Bilateral Audition | Projections from both left and right ABA.CN |
| LPC.PN.SG.SP | Spiral Ganglion | sensory ganglion | LSC | Auditory patterns | Fibres from bipolar cells in the spiral ganglion consist of peripheral branches that end in the organ of Corti and central branches that end in the ventral and dorsal cochlear nuclei |
Internal Region Connections:
| Source Region | Target Region | Type | Reference |
| LPC.HL.DCOCH | LPC.HT.PN.LL | nucleus-nucleus | Five Parallel Auditory Pathways (OC -> VNLL, abstract) |
| LPC.MM.CIC | nucleus-nucleus | Five Parallel Auditory Pathways (DCN -> ICC, abstract) | |
| LPC.HL.VCOCH | LPC.MM.SOC | nucleus-nucleus | Auditory System in Brain (Cochlea -> Olive, abstract) |
| LPC.HT.PN.LL | LPC.MM.CIC | nucleus-nucleus | Five Parallel Auditory Pathways (VNLL -> ICC, abstract) |
| LPC.MM.SOC | LPC.HT.PN.LL | nucleus-nucleus | Five Parallel Auditory Pathways (LSO -> DNLL) |
| LPC.MM.CIC | nucleus-nucleus | Auditory System in Brain (Olive -> IC, abstract) | |
| LPC.PN.SG.SP | LPC.HL.DCOCH | ganglion-nucleus | Auditory System in Brain (CochleaGanglion -> Cochlea, abstract) |
| LPC.HL.VCOCH | ganglion-nucleus | Auditory System in Brain (CochleaGanglion -> Cochlea, abstract) |
External Inbound Region Connections:
| Source Area | Local Region | Source Region | Source Name | Type | Reference |
| Cortical | |||||
| NSA | LPC.MM.CIC | NSA.NC.TTG.A1 | Primary Auditory Cortex | neocortex-nucleus | Visual-Auditory Interactions in Tectum (AC -> IC, abstract) |
| Subcortical | |||||
| FAM | LPC.MM.CIC | FAM.FT.AM.LAVM | Ventromedial Amygdaloid Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Visual-Auditory Interactions in Tectum (AM -> IC, abstract) |
| Target | |||||
| TSA | LPC.PN.SG.SP | TARGET.TSA.EAR | Ear | TARGET.TSA.EAR-ear-inner-hair-cells | Auditory System Model (Ear -> CochleaGanglion) |
External Outbound Region Connections:
| Target Area | Local Region | Target Region | Target Name | Type | Reference |
| Cortical | |||||
| NSA | LPC.HL.DCOCH | NSA.FD.TH.MGB | Medial Geniculate Body | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| LPC.MM.CIC | NSA.FD.TH.MGB | Medial Geniculate Body | nucleus-nucleus | Auditory System in Brain (IC -> MGB, abstract) | |
| Subcortical | |||||
| LRC | LPC.HL.VCOCH | LRC.MM.CJ | Cajal Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| LPC.MM.CIC | LRC.MM.EIC | External Nucleus of Inferior Colliculus | nucleus-nucleus | Five Parallel Auditory Pathways (ICC -> ICx, abstract) | |
| Target | |||||
| TSA | LPC.MM.SOC | TARGET.TSA.EAR | Ear | TARGET.TSA.EAR-ear-outer-hair-cells | Five Parallel Auditory Pathways (VNTB -> Cochlea) |
Common Body Sensations
| Component ID | Component Name | Type | Service | Function | Comments |
| LPC.SC.IZ.CCV | Central Cervical Nucleus | nucleus | LLI | Coordinate voluntary movements, maintain balance, and learn motor skills | Receive neck and vestibular input and project to CR and vestibular nuclei |
| LPC.SC.LH.LCV | Lateral Cervical Nucleus | nucleus | LLI | Relay Low-threshold Mechanoreceptors to CR | From Lamina V |
| LPC.SC.PH.NP | Proprius Nucleus | nucleus | LLI | Relay light touch, pain and temperature information | With Clarke's Nucleus sensing fine touch and proprioception |
Internal Region Connections:
| Source Region | Target Region | Type | Reference |
| LPC.SC.PH.NP | LPC.SC.LH.LCV | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
External Inbound Region Connections:
| Source Area | Local Region | Source Region | Source Name | Type | Reference |
| Subcortical | |||||
| LPC | LPC.SC.IZ.CCV | LPC.PN.SG.UDRG | Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| LPC.SC.PH.NP | LPC.PN.SG.LDRG | Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC.PN.SG.UDRG | Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) | ||
| LPC.SC.PH.LSG | Lower Substantia Gelatinosa | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) | ||
| LPC.SC.PH.USG | Upper Substantia Gelatinosa | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
External Outbound Region Connections:
| Target Area | Local Region | Target Region | Target Name | Type | Reference |
| Cortical | |||||
| NCP | LPC.SC.IZ.CCV | NCP.FD.TH.RIL | Rostral Intralaminar Nuclear Group of Thalamus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| NCP.FD.TH.VPL | Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Thalamocortical relationships (s1P -> P, abstract) | ||
| LPC.SC.LH.LCV | NCP.FD.TH.VPL | Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC.SC.PH.NP | NCP.FD.TH.VPL | Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Afferent pain pathways (SC -> Thalamus, abstract) | |
| Subcortical | |||||
| LLC | LPC.SC.IZ.CCV | LLC.HL.IO | Inferior Olivary Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| LLC.HT.CR.PV | Cerebellar Paravermis | nucleus-allocortex | Cerebellum functional divisions (CCV -> CRS) | ||
| LPC.SC.PH.NP | LLC.HL.IO | Inferior Olivary Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Cerebellum functional divisions (SCS -> IO) | |
| LPC | LPC.SC.IZ.CCV | LPC.HT.IVBN | Inferior Vestibular Nuclei | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| LRC | LPC.SC.IZ.CCV | LRC.HT.CR.VM | Cerebellar Vermis | nucleus-allocortex | (unknown reference) |
Lower Body Conscious Sensations
| Component ID | Component Name | Type | Service | Function | Comments |
| LPC.HL.GR | Gracile Nucleus | nucleus | LSM | Carry epicritic, kinesthetic, and conscious proprioceptive information from lower body |
|
| LPC.PN.SG.LDRG | Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion | sensory ganglion | LSC | Integration of afferent signaling from lower thoracic and lumbosacral somatic and viscera |
T7-T12,L1-L5,S1-S5,CX |
| LPC.SC.PH.LMG | Lower Marginal Nucleus | nucleus | LSM | Relay information related to pain and temperature sensation - T7-T12,L1-L5,S1-S5,CX |
|
| LPC.SC.PH.LSG | Lower Substantia Gelatinosa | nucleus | LSM | Relay for C-fibers of slowly conducting, poorly localized pain sensation - T7-T12,L1-L5,S1-S5,CX |
Internal Region Connections:
| Source Region | Target Region | Type | Reference |
| LPC.PN.SG.LDRG | LPC.HL.GR | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| LPC.SC.PH.LMG | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC.SC.PH.LSG | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
External Inbound Region Connections:
| Source Area | Local Region | Source Region | Source Name | Type | Reference |
| Subcortical | |||||
| LMC | LPC.SC.PH.LMG | LMC.HL.RP.PL | Raphe Pallidus Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus-5HT | (unknown reference) |
| LPC.SC.PH.LSG | LMC.HL.RP.MG | Raphe Magnus Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus-5HT | (unknown reference) | |
| Target | |||||
| TEA | LPC.PN.SG.LDRG | TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA | Genitalia | TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA-utetovaginal-visceral-receptors | (unknown reference) |
| TARGET.TEA.LEG | Leg | TARGET.TEA.LEG-leg-somatic-receptors | (unknown reference) | ||
| TARGET.TEA.LIVER | Liver | TARGET.TEA.LIVER-visceral-receptors | (unknown reference) | ||
| TARGET.TEA.RECTUM | Rectum | TARGET.TEA.RECTUM-large-intestine-visceral-receptors | (unknown reference) | ||
| TARGET.TEA.STOMACH | Stomach | TARGET.TEA.STOMACH-stomach-nutrition-sensor | (unknown reference) | ||
| TARGET.TEA.TRUNK | Trunk | TARGET.TEA.TRUNK-trunk-lower-somatic-receptors | (unknown reference) | ||
| TARGET.TEA.URETER | Ureter | TARGET.TEA.URETER-ureter-visceral-receptors | (unknown reference) |
External Outbound Region Connections:
| Target Area | Local Region | Target Region | Target Name | Type | Reference |
| Cortical | |||||
| NCP | LPC.HL.GR | NCP.FD.TH.VPL | Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| LPC.SC.PH.LMG | NCP.FD.TH.LI | Limitans Nucleus of Thalamus | nucleus-nucleus | Afferent pain pathways (SC -> Thalamus, abstract) | |
| NCP.FD.TH.VPI | Ventral Posteroinferior Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Afferent pain pathways (SC -> Thalamus, abstract) | ||
| NCP.FD.TH.VPL | Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Afferent pain pathways (SC -> Thalamus, abstract) | ||
| LPC.SC.PH.LSG | NCP.FD.TH.VPI | Ventral Posteroinferior Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Afferent pain pathways (SC -> Thalamus, abstract) | |
| NDM | LPC.SC.PH.LMG | NDM.FD.TH.SM | Submedial Nucleus of Thalamus | nucleus-nucleus | Afferent pain pathways (SC -> Thalamus, abstract) |
| Subcortical | |||||
| LPC | LPC.PN.SG.LDRG | LPC.SC.IZ.IMM | Intermediomedial Nucleus | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| LPC.SC.PH.CL | Clarke Nucleus | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) | ||
| LPC.SC.PH.NP | Proprius Nucleus | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) | ||
| LPC.SC.PH.LSG | LPC.SC.PH.NP | Proprius Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) | |
| LRC | LPC.HL.GR | LRC.MM.SC.INT | Intermediate Superior Colliculus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
Upper Body Conscious Sensations
| Component ID | Component Name | Type | Service | Function | Comments |
| LPC.HL.CU | Cuneate Nucleus | nucleus | LSM | Carry fine touch and proprioceptive information from upper body | |
| LPC.PN.SG.UDRG | Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion | sensory ganglion | LSC | Integration of afferent signaling from cervical and upper thoracic somatic and viscera |
C1-C8, T1-T6 |
| LPC.SC.PH.UMG | Upper Marginal Nucleus | nucleus | LSM | Relay information related to pain and temperature sensation - C1-C8,T1-T6 | |
| LPC.SC.PH.USG | Upper Substantia Gelatinosa | nucleus | LSM | Relay for C-fibers of slowly conducting, poorly localized pain sensation - C1-C8,T1-T6 |
Internal Region Connections:
| Source Region | Target Region | Type | Reference |
| LPC.PN.SG.UDRG | LPC.HL.CU | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| LPC.SC.PH.UMG | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC.SC.PH.USG | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
External Inbound Region Connections:
| Source Area | Local Region | Source Region | Source Name | Type | Reference |
| Subcortical | |||||
| LMC | LPC.SC.PH.UMG | LMC.HL.RP.PL | Raphe Pallidus Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus-5HT | (unknown reference) |
| LPC.SC.PH.USG | LMC.HL.RP.MG | Raphe Magnus Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus-5HT | (unknown reference) | |
| Target | |||||
| TEA | LPC.PN.SG.UDRG | TARGET.TEA.BREAST | Breast | TARGET.TEA.BREAST-breast-skin-receptors | (unknown reference) |
| TARGET.TEA.FACE | Face | TARGET.TEA.FACE-face-parotid-skin | (unknown reference) | ||
| TARGET.TEA.HAND | Hand | TARGET.TEA.HAND-hand-somatic-receptors | (unknown reference) | ||
| TARGET.TEA.HEART | Heart | TARGET.TEA.HEART-heart-visceral | (unknown reference) | ||
| TARGET.TEA.LUNG | Lung | TARGET.TEA.LUNG-pericardium-pleura-receptors | (unknown reference) | ||
| TARGET.TEA.NECK | Neck | TARGET.TEA.NECK-neck-low-cutaneous-receptors | (unknown reference) | ||
| TARGET.TEA.TRUNK | Trunk | TARGET.TEA.TRUNK-trunk-upper-somatic-receptors | (unknown reference) | ||
| TSA | LPC.PN.SG.UDRG | TARGET.TSA.EAR | Ear | TARGET.TSA.EAR-ear-external-skin | (unknown reference) |
External Outbound Region Connections:
| Target Area | Local Region | Target Region | Target Name | Type | Reference |
| Cortical | |||||
| NCP | LPC.HL.CU | NCP.FD.TH.VPL | Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| LPC.SC.PH.UMG | NCP.FD.TH.LI | Limitans Nucleus of Thalamus | nucleus-nucleus | Afferent pain pathways (SC -> Thalamus, abstract) | |
| NCP.FD.TH.VPI | Ventral Posteroinferior Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Afferent pain pathways (SC -> Thalamus, abstract) | ||
| NCP.FD.TH.VPL | Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Afferent pain pathways (SC -> Thalamus, abstract) | ||
| LPC.SC.PH.USG | NCP.FD.TH.VPI | Ventral Posteroinferior Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Afferent pain pathways (SC -> Thalamus, abstract) | |
| NDM | LPC.SC.PH.UMG | NDM.FD.TH.SM | Submedial Nucleus of Thalamus | nucleus-nucleus | Afferent pain pathways (SC -> Thalamus, abstract) |
| Subcortical | |||||
| LLC | LPC.HL.CU | LLC.HT.CR.PV | Cerebellar Paravermis | nucleus-allocortex | (unknown reference) |
| LPC | LPC.PN.SG.UDRG | LPC.HL.ACU | Accessory Cuneate Nucleus | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| LPC.HL.TGS.STR | Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) | ||
| LPC.SC.IZ.CBS | Centrobasalis Nucleus | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) | ||
| LPC.SC.IZ.CCV | Central Cervical Nucleus | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) | ||
| LPC.SC.IZ.IMM | Intermediomedial Nucleus | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) | ||
| LPC.SC.PH.CL | Clarke Nucleus | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) | ||
| LPC.SC.PH.NP | Proprius Nucleus | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) | ||
| LPC.SC.PH.USG | LPC.SC.PH.NP | Proprius Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) | |
| LRC | LPC.HL.CU | LRC.MM.SC.INT | Intermediate Superior Colliculus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
Sensory Face
| Component ID | Component Name | Type | Service | Function | Comments |
| LPC.HL.TGS.STR | Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus | nucleus | LSM | Discriminative sensation and light touch of face, conscious proprioception | Pontine Nuclei, part of cranial nerve nuclei, ear, similar to SG of spinal cord |
| LPC.HT.PN.PTR | Principal Trigeminal Nucleus | nucleus | LSM | Facial Somatic Sensations | Upper, maxillary, ophthalmic |
| LPC.MM.MSTR | Mesencephalic Trigeminal Nucleus | sensory ganglion | LSC | unconscious proprioception from muscle spindles; facial somatic sensations from muscles of mastication, monosynaptic masticatory reflex |
Lower, mandibular - ganglion; mandible and maxilla - tooth pulp, surrounding gingiva, periodontal membrane and a vast portion of the oral mucosa |
| LPC.PN.SG.TRG | Trigeminal Ganglion | sensory ganglion | LSC | Integration of external auditory meatus (auricular branch), cranial meninges (meningeal branch), and external surface of tympanic membrane |
sensory fibers of ophthalmic, maxillary, mandibular nerves to principal trigeminal nucleus |
Internal Region Connections:
| Source Region | Target Region | Type | Reference |
| LPC.HT.PN.PTR | LPC.HL.TGS.STR | nucleus-nucleus | Eye blink reflex and pupillary light reflex (PrincipalTrigeminal -> SpinalTrigeminal) |
| LPC.MM.MSTR | LPC.HL.TGS.STR | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| LPC.HT.PN.PTR | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC.PN.SG.TRG | LPC.HL.TGS.STR | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
External Inbound Region Connections:
| Source Area | Local Region | Source Region | Source Name | Type | Reference |
| Subcortical | |||||
| LPC | LPC.HL.TGS.STR | LPC.PN.SG.GNG | Geniculate Ganglion | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| LPC.PN.SG.JUG | Jugular Ganglion | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) | ||
| LPC.PN.SG.PET | Petrosal Ganglion | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) | ||
| LPC.PN.SG.UDRG | Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) | ||
| Target | |||||
| TEA | LPC.MM.MSTR | TARGET.TEA.FEEDER | Mouth feeder | TARGET.TEA.FEEDER-masticatory-unconscious-muscle-spindles | (unknown reference) |
| LPC.PN.SG.TRG | TARGET.TEA.FACE | Face | TARGET.TEA.FACE-face-skin | (unknown reference) | |
| TARGET.TEA.FEEDER | Mouth feeder | TARGET.TEA.FEEDER-teeth | (unknown reference) | ||
| TARGET.TEA.PROTECTOR | Immunity glands and meninges | TARGET.TEA.PROTECTOR-lingual-tonsil | (unknown reference) | ||
| TSA | LPC.MM.MSTR | TARGET.TSA.EYE | Eye | TARGET.TSA.EYE-eye-visceral | (unknown reference) |
| TARGET.TSA.NOSE | Nose | TARGET.TSA.NOSE-nose-proprioceptors | (unknown reference) | ||
| LPC.PN.SG.TRG | TARGET.TSA.EAR | Ear | TARGET.TSA.EAR-ear-acoustic-meatus-skin | (unknown reference) | |
| TARGET.TSA.EYE | Eye | TARGET.TSA.EYE-eye-lacrimal-gland-conjunctiva-receptors | (unknown reference) | ||
| TARGET.TSA.NOSE | Nose | TARGET.TSA.NOSE-nose-somatic | (unknown reference) |
External Outbound Region Connections:
| Target Area | Local Region | Target Region | Target Name | Type | Reference |
| Cortical | |||||
| NCP | LPC.HT.PN.PTR | NCP.FD.TH.VPM | Ventral Posteromedial Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Trigeminal Nuclei (CSN -> VPM) |
| Subcortical | |||||
| LLC | LPC.HL.TGS.STR | LLC.HT.PRF.RTMG | Pontine Reticulotegmental Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Eye blink reflex and pupillary light reflex (SpinalTrigeminal -> RF, abstract) |
| LPC | LPC.HL.TGS.STR | LPC.MM.OCN | Oculomotor Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Eye blink reflex and pupillary light reflex (SpinalTrigeminal -> Oculomotor) |
| LPC.MM.MSTR | LPC.HT.TRM | Trigeminal Motor Nucleus | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) | |
| LRC | LPC.HL.TGS.STR | LRC.HL.PRF.GCR | Gigantocellular Reticular Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| LRC.MM.SC.INT | Intermediate Superior Colliculus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
Pain Sensations
| Component ID | Component Name | Type | Service | Function | Comments |
| LPC.HT.PRF.PB | Parabrachial Nucleus | nucleus | LUS | Source of short-latency nociceptive input; sense of physiological condition of body well-being or interoception |
major relay site for visceral afferents ascending through ventrobasal thalamus and terminating in insular cortex |
Internal Region Connections:
- no connections
External Inbound Region Connections:
| Source Area | Local Region | Source Region | Source Name | Type | Reference |
| Cortical | |||||
| NCP | LPC.HT.PRF.PB | NCP.NC.AL.SGCG | Subgenual Cingulate Cortex | neocortex-nucleus | Motor neurons control (CTX -> PRF, abstract) |
| Subcortical | |||||
| FAM | LPC.HT.PRF.PB | FAM.FT.IPAC.MED | Medial Interstitial Anterior Commissural Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| LPC | LPC.HT.PRF.PB | LPC.HL.SOL | Solitary Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Amygdalar disruption of prefrontal cortex (SOL -> PB) |
External Outbound Region Connections:
Smell Senses
| Component ID | Component Name | Type | Service | Function | Comments |
| LPC.FT.AOB | Accessory Olfactory Bulb | nucleus | LSM | Pheromones sampling | |
| LPC.FT.AON | Anterior Olfactory Nucleus | nucleus | LSM | Regulate odor information flow | |
| LPC.FT.MOB | Main Olfactory Bulb | nucleus | LSM | Volatile odor patterns | generate spatiotemporal neural code, in=glomeruli -> 1000x1 -> out=mitral |
| LPC.PN.SG.MOE | Main Olfactory Epithelium | sensory ganglion | LSC | Sensing volatile odors | |
| LPC.PN.SG.VNO | Vomeronasal Organ | sensory ganglion | LSC | Sensing non-volatile pheromones |
Internal Region Connections:
| Source Region | Target Region | Type | Reference |
| LPC.FT.AON | LPC.FT.MOB | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| LPC.PN.SG.MOE | LPC.FT.AOB | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| LPC.FT.MOB | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC.PN.SG.VNO | LPC.FT.AOB | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
External Inbound Region Connections:
| Source Area | Local Region | Source Region | Source Name | Type | Reference |
| Subcortical | |||||
| LAC | LPC.FT.MOB | LAC.FD.HT.TBM | Tuberomammillary Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| Target | |||||
| TSA | LPC.PN.SG.MOE | TARGET.TSA.NOSE | Nose | TARGET.TSA.NOSE-nose-volatile | (unknown reference) |
| LPC.PN.SG.VNO | TARGET.TSA.NOSE | Nose | TARGET.TSA.NOSE-nose-nonvolatile | (unknown reference) |
External Outbound Region Connections:
| Target Area | Local Region | Target Region | Target Name | Type | Reference |
| Cortical | |||||
| NSA | LPC.FT.AON | NSA.NC.PH.PIR | Piriform Cortex | nucleus-neocortex | KIV model of cortico-hippocampal formation with subcortical projections for motor actions (AON -> PC) |
| LPC.FT.MOB | NSA.NC.PH.PRP | Prepyriform Cortex | nucleus-neocortex | (unknown reference) | |
| Subcortical | |||||
| FAM | LPC.FT.AOB | FAM.FT.AM.COP | Posterior Cortical Amygdaloid Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| FAM.FT.AM.MEA | Medial Anterior Amygdaloid Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) | ||
| LPC.FT.MOB | FAM.FT.AM.COA | Anterior Cortical Amygdaloid Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
Taste Senses
| Component ID | Component Name | Type | Service | Function | Comments |
| LPC.HL.SOL | Solitary Nucleus | nucleus | LSM | Carry taste buds, thoracic and abdominal viscera | c.n. VII, IX, X |
| LPC.PN.SG.GNG | Geniculate Ganglion | sensory ganglion | LSC | Trophic support for survival | Innervation taste buds, ear skin |
| LPC.PN.SG.JUG | Jugular Ganglion | sensory ganglion | LSC | Integration of external auditory meatus (auricular branch), cranial meninges (meningeal branch), and external surface of tympanic membrane |
to Sensory Trigeminal Nucleus |
| LPC.PN.SG.NOD | Nodose Ganglion | sensory ganglion | LSC | Integration of afferent signaling from viscera | caudal SOL - larynx, trachea, gut, and aortic arch receptors; rostral SOL - taste receptors of posterior oral cavity |
| LPC.PN.SG.PET | Petrosal Ganglion | sensory ganglion | LSC | Integration of afferent signaling from viscera | mucous membranes of pharynx, middle ear, carotid body and sinus, taste sensor on the posterior third of tongue to SOL |
Internal Region Connections:
| Source Region | Target Region | Type | Reference |
| LPC.PN.SG.GNG | LPC.HL.SOL | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| LPC.PN.SG.JUG | LPC.HL.SOL | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| LPC.PN.SG.NOD | LPC.HL.SOL | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| LPC.PN.SG.PET | LPC.HL.SOL | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
External Inbound Region Connections:
| Source Area | Local Region | Source Region | Source Name | Type | Reference |
| Subcortical | |||||
| FAM | LPC.HL.SOL | FAM.FT.AM.CEL | Central Amygdaloid Nucleus, lateral subdivision | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| FAM.FT.IPAC.MED | Medial Interstitial Anterior Commissural Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) | ||
| LAC | LPC.HL.SOL | LAC.FD.HT.VM | Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Bowels control brain: gut hormones and obesity (VMN -> NTS) |
| Target | |||||
| TEA | LPC.PN.SG.GNG | TARGET.TEA.FEEDER | Mouth feeder | TARGET.TEA.FEEDER-soft-palate-sparse-taste-receptors | (unknown reference) |
| LPC.PN.SG.JUG | TARGET.TEA.LUNG | Lung | TARGET.TEA.LUNG-pulmonary-stretch-receptors | (unknown reference) | |
| TARGET.TEA.PROTECTOR | Immunity glands and meninges | TARGET.TEA.PROTECTOR-cranial-meninges | (unknown reference) | ||
| TARGET.TEA.SPEAKER | Mouth speaker | TARGET.TEA.SPEAKER-palatine-tonsil-receptors | (unknown reference) | ||
| LPC.PN.SG.NOD | TARGET.TEA.FEEDER | Mouth feeder | TARGET.TEA.FEEDER-epiglottis-taste-buds | (unknown reference) | |
| TARGET.TEA.HEART | Heart | TARGET.TEA.HEART-heart-aorta-baroreceptors | (unknown reference) | ||
| TARGET.TEA.LIVER | Liver | TARGET.TEA.LIVER-glucose-and-osmoreceptors | (unknown reference) | ||
| TARGET.TEA.LUNG | Lung | TARGET.TEA.LUNG-pulmonary-neuroepithelial-bodies | (unknown reference) | ||
| TARGET.TEA.STOMACH | Stomach | TARGET.TEA.STOMACH-colon | (unknown reference) | ||
| LPC.PN.SG.PET | TARGET.TEA.HEART | Heart | TARGET.TEA.HEART-heart-carotid-baroreceptors | (unknown reference) | |
| TSA | LPC.PN.SG.GNG | TARGET.TSA.EAR | Ear | TARGET.TSA.EAR-ear-somatic | (unknown reference) |
| LPC.PN.SG.JUG | TARGET.TSA.EAR | Ear | TARGET.TSA.EAR-ear-visceral | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC.PN.SG.NOD | TARGET.TSA.NOSE | Nose | TARGET.TSA.NOSE-nose-visceral-vagus | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC.PN.SG.PET | TARGET.TSA.EAR | Ear | TARGET.TSA.EAR-ear-timpanic-cavity | (unknown reference) | |
| TARGET.TSA.NOSE | Nose | TARGET.TSA.NOSE-nose-visceral-pharynx | (unknown reference) |
External Outbound Region Connections:
| Target Area | Local Region | Target Region | Target Name | Type | Reference |
| Cortical | |||||
| NCP | LPC.HL.SOL | NCP.FD.TH.VPL | Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Amygdalar disruption of prefrontal cortex (SOL -> TH, abstract) |
| NCP.FD.TH.VPM | Ventral Posteromedial Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Thalamocortical relationships (sVPM -> VPM) | ||
| Subcortical | |||||
| FEC | LPC.HL.SOL | FEC.FT.ACC.SH | Nucleus Accumbens Shell | nucleus-nucleus | Bowels control brain: gut hormones and obesity (NTS -> NAc, abstract) |
| LAC | LPC.HL.SOL | LAC.FD.HT.DM | Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Food-entrainable circadian oscillator (NTS -> DMH) |
| LAC.FD.HT.LTN | Lateral Hypothalamic Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Schematic of hypothalamic circuitry underlying satiety (NTS -> LHA) | ||
| LAC.FD.HT.PV | Paraventricular Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) | ||
| LAC.FD.HT.SO | Supraoptic Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) | ||
| LMC | LPC.HL.SOL | LMC.MM.VTA | Ventral Tegmental Area | nucleus-nucleus | Bowels control brain: gut hormones and obesity (NTS -> VTA) |
| LPC | LPC.HL.SOL | LPC.HL.AMB | Ambiguus Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| LPC.HT.PRF.PB | Parabrachial Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | Amygdalar disruption of prefrontal cortex (SOL -> PB) | ||
| LPC.PN.SG.GNG | LPC.HL.TGS.STR | Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC.PN.SG.JUG | LPC.HL.TGS.STR | Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC.PN.SG.PET | LPC.HL.TGS.STR | Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) | |
| LRC | LPC.HL.SOL | LRC.HL.RA | Retroambigualis Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| LRC.HT.KFN | Kolliker-Fuse Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
Unconscious Cerebellar Sensations
| Component ID | Component Name | Type | Service | Function | Comments |
| LPC.HL.ACU | Accessory Cuneate Nucleus | nucleus | LSM | receives input from cervical spinal nerves and transmits that information to cerebellum |
upper extremity equivalent of Clarke's column |
| LPC.SC.IZ.CBS | Centrobasalis Nucleus | nucleus | LLI | Unconscious proprioception to CR | Upper extremity, relay motor feedback to CR, major site of termination for dorsal root fibers |
| LPC.SC.IZ.IMM | Intermediomedial Nucleus | nucleus | LLI | Visceral sensory | ventral spinocerebellar tract; to vermis |
| LPC.SC.PH.CL | Clarke Nucleus | nucleus | LLI | Unconscious Proprioception | To CR |
Internal Region Connections:
- no connections
External Inbound Region Connections:
| Source Area | Local Region | Source Region | Source Name | Type | Reference |
| Subcortical | |||||
| LMC | LPC.SC.IZ.IMM | LMC.HL.RP.OB | Raphe Obscurus Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus-5HT | (unknown reference) |
| LPC | LPC.HL.ACU | LPC.PN.SG.UDRG | Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
| LPC.SC.IZ.CBS | LPC.PN.SG.UDRG | Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC.SC.IZ.IMM | LPC.PN.SG.LDRG | Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC.PN.SG.UDRG | Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) | ||
| LPC.SC.PH.CL | LPC.PN.SG.LDRG | Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC.PN.SG.UDRG | Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion | ganglion-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
External Outbound Region Connections:
| Target Area | Local Region | Target Region | Target Name | Type | Reference |
| Subcortical | |||||
| LLC | LPC.HL.ACU | LLC.HT.CR.PV | Cerebellar Paravermis | nucleus-allocortex | (unknown reference) |
| LPC.SC.IZ.CBS | LLC.HT.CR.PV | Cerebellar Paravermis | nucleus-allocortex | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC.SC.IZ.IMM | LLC.HL.RF.PLRN | Lateral Reticular Nucleus, Parvocellular | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) | |
| LLC.HT.CR.PV | Cerebellar Paravermis | nucleus-allocortex | (unknown reference) | ||
| LPC.SC.PH.CL | LLC.HL.ARC | Arcuate Nucleus of Medulla | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) | |
| LLC.HT.CR.PV | Cerebellar Paravermis | nucleus-allocortex | Afferent pain pathways (SC -> Cerebellum, abstract) | ||
| LLC.HT.PN.PBB | Pontobulbar Body | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) | ||
| LRC | LPC.SC.PH.CL | LRC.MM.CNF | Cuneiform Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | (unknown reference) |
Thirdparty Circuits
(generated)
- Eye blink reflex and pupillary light reflex - see Reference (CP.SACCADIC-MOTOR-CONTROL)
Abducens=Abducens Nucleus,LPC.HT.ABD Ciliary=Ciliary Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.CLG EWN=Edinger-Westphal Nucleus,LAC.MM.EWN EYE=Eye,TARGET.TSA.EYE Facial=Facial Motor Nucleus,LPC.HT.FCM Oculomotor=Oculomotor Nucleus,LPC.MM.OCN Pretectum=Pretectum,MM.PT (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon) PrincipalTrigeminal=Principal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HT.PN.PTR RF=Pontine Reticular Formation,HT.RF SpinalTrigeminal=Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HL.TGS.STR SupraOculomotor=Supraoculomotor Area,VBA.MM.SOA (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon) VAC=Associative Visual Cortex,NPE.NC.OCC.V3 (see Occipital Lobe)
- Five Parallel Auditory Pathways - see Reference (CP.FIVE-AUDITORY-PATHWAYS)
AC=Primary Auditory Cortex,NSA.NC.TTG.A1 Cochlea=Ear,TARGET.TSA.EAR CochleaGanglion=Spiral Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.SP DCN=Cochlear Nucleus,LPC.HL.COCH (see Myelencephalic Sensory Nuclei) DNLL=Nuclei of Lateral Lemniscus,LPC.HT.PN.LL GBC=Cochlear Nucleus,LPC.HL.COCH (see Myelencephalic Sensory Nuclei) ICC=Inferior Colliculus,ABA.MM.IC (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon) ICx=Inferior Colliculus,ABA.MM.IC (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon) LS=Hippocampal Formation,FMM.FT.HF LSO=Superior Olivary Complex,LPC.MM.SOC MC=Cochlear Nucleus,LPC.HL.COCH (see Myelencephalic Sensory Nuclei) MGB=Medial Geniculate Body,NSA.FD.TH.MGB MSO=Superior Olivary Complex,LPC.MM.SOC OC=Cochlear Nucleus,LPC.HL.COCH (see Myelencephalic Sensory Nuclei) SBC=Cochlear Nucleus,LPC.HL.COCH (see Myelencephalic Sensory Nuclei) SC=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon) VNLL=Nuclei of Lateral Lemniscus,LPC.HT.PN.LL VNTB=Superior Olivary Complex,ABA.MM.SOC.TZ
- Vocal Control - see Reference (CM.VOCAL-CONTROL)
A1=Primary Auditory Cortex,NSA.NC.TTG.A1 Broca=Broca's Area,NPE.NC.PFC.BRA (see Lateral Prefrontal Cortex) M2=Supplementary Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.SMC MotorV=Trigeminal Motor Nucleus,LPC.HT.TRM MotorVII=Facial Motor Nucleus,LPC.HT.FCM NucleusAmbiguus=Ambiguus Nucleus,LPC.HL.AMB NucleusXII=Hypoglossal Motor Nucleus,LPC.HL.HYG Premotor24=Ventral Anterior Cingulate Area,NDM.NC.AL.VACG RF=Pontine Reticular Formation,HT.RF Wernike=Wernicke's area A4,NSA.NC.STG.A4
- Retina and superior colliculus targets - see Reference (CP.RETINA-SUPERIOR-COLLICULUS)
Abducens=Abducens Nucleus,LPC.HT.ABD LGB=Lateral Geniculate Nucleus,NSA.FD.LGN OCC=Occipital Lobe,NC.LOBE.OCC Oculomotor=Oculomotor Nucleus,LPC.MM.OCN Pulvinar=Pulvinar,FD.PV (see Sensory Thalamus) Retina=Retinal Nucleus,LPC.FD.RT SC=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon) Trochlear=Trochlear Nucleus,LPC.MM.TRH
- Cerebellum functional divisions - see Reference (CM.CR-DECUSSATION)
CCV=Central Cervical Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.CCV CRP=Cerebellar Lateral Lobe,LLC.HT.CR.CC CRS=Cerebellar Paravermis,LLC.HT.CR.PV CRV=Cerebellar Vermis,LRC.HT.CR.VM CTX=Anterior Lobe,NC.LOBE.ANT DN=Dentate Nucleus,LLC.HT.CR.DN FG=Fastigual Nucleus,LRC.HT.CR.FG IO=Inferior Olivary Nucleus,LLC.HL.IO IP=Interposed Nucleus,LLC.HT.CR.IP (see Cerebellar Complex) LT=Dentate Nucleus,LLC.HT.CR.DN PNN=Basilar Pontine Nuclei,LLC.HT.BPN RD=Red Nucleus,LLC.MM.RD RF=Pontine Reticular Formation,HT.RF SCM=Anterior/Ventral Horn,SC.VH SCS=Proprius Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.NP SCSD=Clarke Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.CL VB=Vestibular Nuclei,LPC.HT.VBN VBG=Vestibular Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.VB VL=Ventral Lateral Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VL
- Extraocular eye muscles - see Reference (CX.EYE-EXTRAOCULAR-MUSCLES)
ABD=Abducens Nucleus,LPC.HT.ABD EYE=Eye,TARGET.TSA.EYE OCN=Oculomotor Nucleus,LPC.MM.OCN TRC=Trochlear Nucleus,LPC.MM.TRH
- Vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) - see Reference (CP.VESTIBULO-OCULAR-REFLEX)
Abducens=Abducens Nucleus,LPC.HT.ABD FEF=Frontal Eye Field,NMA.NC.PMC.FEF (see Premotor Cortex) Oculomotor=Oculomotor Nucleus,LPC.MM.OCN PPRF=Paramedian Pontine Reticular Formation,HT.PRF.PPRF (see Pontine Reticular Formation) VestibularGanglion=Vestibular Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.VB VestibularNuclei=Inferior Vestibular Nuclei,LPC.HT.IVBN
- Vision Components - see Reference (CP.VISION-COMPONENTS)
CG=Ciliary Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.CLG EWN=Edinger-Westphal Nucleus,LAC.MM.EWN EYE=Eye,TARGET.TSA.EYE LGN=Lateral Geniculate Nucleus,NSA.FD.LGN OCN=Oculomotor Nucleus,LPC.MM.OCN RT=Retinal Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.RT SOA=Supraoculomotor Area,VBA.MM.SOA (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon) STN=Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HL.TGS.STR VAC=Posterior Eye Field,NPE.NC.IPS.PEF (see Intraparietal Sulcus) VC=Occipital Lobe,NC.LOBE.OCC
- Thalamocortical relationships - see Reference (CL.THALAMUS-PROJECTIONS)
A=Anterior Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.AN (see Cognitive Thalamus) CM=Centromedian Nucleus of Thalamus,FEC.FD.TH.CM LD=Lateral Dorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FMM.FD.TH.LD LGN=Lateral Geniculate Nucleus,NSA.FD.LGN LP=Lateral Posterior Nucleus of Thalamus,NPE.FD.TH.LP MD=Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.MD (see Cognitive Thalamus) MGN=Medial Geniculate Body,NSA.FD.TH.MGB P=Ventral Posterior Nuclei,NSA.FD.TH.VP (see Sensory Thalamus) VA=Ventral Anterior Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VA VL=Ventral Lateral Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VL VPL=Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPL VPM=Ventral Posteromedial Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPM pA=Posterior Cingulate Cortex,NCP.NC.MPL.PSCG pCM=Dorsal Putamen,FEC.FT.DPU (see Basal Ganglia) pLD=Anterior Cingulate Cortex,NC.AL.ACG (see Anterior Cingulate Area) pLGN=Primary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V1 pLP=Superior Parietal Lobule,NC.SPL pMD=Prefrontal Cortex,NC.AL.PFC pMGN=Primary Auditory Cortex,NSA.NC.TTG.A1 pP=Insular Cortex,NC.INS pVA=Supplementary Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.SMC pVL=Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC pVPL=Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1 pVPM=Precentral Cortex,NCP.NC.PO.PCC s1A=Subiculum,FMM.FT.HF.SUB (see Hippocampal Formation) s1MD=Septal Nuclei,FAM.FT.SEP s1P=Central Cervical Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.CCV s1VL=Dentate Nucleus,LLC.HT.CR.DN s2A=Mammillary Body,FD.MB (see Hypothalamus) s2MD=Piriform Cortex,NSA.NC.PH.PIR s2P=Principal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HT.PN.PTR s2VL=Basal Ganglia,FEC.FT.BG s3MD=Prefrontal Cortex,NC.AL.PFC sCM=Globus Pallidus Internal,FEC.FT.GPI (see Basal Ganglia) sLD=Superior Parietal Lobule,NC.SPL sLP=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon) sVA=Basal Ganglia,FEC.FT.BG sVPL=Marginal Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.MG (see Posterior/Dorsal Horn) sVPM=Solitary Nucleus,LPC.HL.SOL
- Auditory System Model - see Reference (CP.AUDITORY-SYSTEM-MODEL)
A1=Primary Auditory Cortex,NSA.NC.TTG.A1 Cochlea=Cochlear Nucleus,LPC.HL.COCH (see Myelencephalic Sensory Nuclei) CochleaGanglion=Spiral Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.SP Ear=Ear,TARGET.TSA.EAR IC=Inferior Colliculus,ABA.MM.IC (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon) MGB=Medial Geniculate Body,NSA.FD.TH.MGB Olive=Superior Olivary Complex,LPC.MM.SOC
- Auditory System in Brain - see Reference (CP.AUDITORY-SYSTEM-BRAIN)
A1=Primary Auditory Cortex,NSA.NC.TTG.A1 Cochlea=Cochlear Nucleus,LPC.HL.COCH (see Myelencephalic Sensory Nuclei) CochleaGanglion=Spiral Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.SP Ear=Ear,TARGET.TSA.EAR IC=Inferior Colliculus,ABA.MM.IC (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon) MGB=Medial Geniculate Body,NSA.FD.TH.MGB Olive=Superior Olivary Complex,LPC.MM.SOC
- Physiology and pathophysiology of lower urinary tract - see Reference (CM.ONUF)
CN=Caudate Nucleus,FEC.FT.CN (see Basal Ganglia) DVM=Vagus Nucleus,LAC.HL.VGN IMG=Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion,LAC.PN.SYM.IMG IML=Intermediolateral Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.IML LC=Locus Coeruleus,LMC.HT.LC MPFC=Orbitofrontal Cortex,NC.AL.OPFC (see Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex) MPOA=Median Preoptic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.MPO NBM=Basal Nucleus of Meynert,LMC.FT.NBM ONF=Onuf's Nucleus,LPC.SC.VH.ONF PBN=Parabrachial Nucleus,LPC.HT.PRF.PB PEL=Pelvic Peripheral Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.PPG PU=Dorsal Putamen Lateral,FEC.FT.PU.LT PVN=Paraventricular Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.PV SNC=Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Lateral,FEC.FT.SNC.LT SPS=Sacral Parasympathetic Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.SPS VTA=Ventral Tegmental Area,LMC.MM.VTA ZI=Subthalamic Nucleus Caudal,BGA.FD.STN.ZI
- Trigeminal Nuclei - see Reference (CP.TRIGEMINAL-NUCLEI)
CSN=Principal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HT.PN.PTR EYE=Eye,TARGET.TSA.EYE STR=Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HL.TGS.STR VPM=Ventral Posteromedial Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPM
- Gustatory sensory system of rat and macaque - see Reference (CP.GUSTATORY-OLFACTORY)
EnP=Endopiriform Nucleus,FAM.FT.EPF Gud=Insular Cortex,NC.INS Gug=Insular Cortex,NC.INS HF=Hippocampal Formation,FMM.FT.HF IadIap=Insular Cortex,NC.INS Iav=Insular Cortex,NC.INS NST=Solitary Nucleus,LPC.HL.SOL PB=Parabrachial Nucleus,LPC.HT.PRF.PB PiR=Piriform Cortex,NSA.NC.PH.PIR PrC=Perirhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.PER VPMpc=Ventral Posteromedial Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPM
- Food-entrainable circadian oscillator - see Reference (CP.FOOD-OCSILLATOR)
DMH=Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.DM LH=Lateral Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.LTN NTS=Solitary Nucleus,LPC.HL.SOL PBN=Parabrachial Nucleus,LPC.HT.PRF.PB PVH=Paraventricular Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.PV SCN=Suprachiasmatic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.SCN
- Bowels control brain: gut hormones and obesity - see Reference (CP.BOWELS)
AMY=Amygdala,FAM.FT.AM ARC=Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus,LAC.FD.HT.AR DS=Dorsal Striatum,FEC.FT.DST (see Basal Ganglia) LHA=Lateral Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.LTN ME=Endocrine Glands,TARGET.TEA.ENDOCRINE NAc=Accumbens Nucleus,FEC.FT.ACC (see Basal Ganglia) NTS=Solitary Nucleus,LPC.HL.SOL OFC=Orbitofrontal Cortex,NC.AL.OPFC (see Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex) PBN=Parabrachial Nucleus,LPC.HT.PRF.PB PVN=Paraventricular Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.PV VMN=Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.VM VTA=Ventral Tegmental Area,LMC.MM.VTA
- Amygdalar disruption of prefrontal cortex - see Reference (CF.AM-DISRUPTION)
ACG=Anterior Cingulate Cortex,NC.AL.ACG (see Anterior Cingulate Area) AM=Amygdala,FAM.FT.AM HC=Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC (see Hippocampal Formation) HT.L=Lateral Hypothalamic Area,LAC.FD.HT.LT (see Hypothalamus) HT.PV=Paraventricular Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.PV INS=Insular Cortex,NC.INS LC=Locus Coeruleus,LMC.HT.LC MPFC=Orbitofrontal Cortex,NC.AL.OPFC (see Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex) PAG=Periaqueductal Gray Matter,LMC.MM.PAG PB=Parabrachial Nucleus,LPC.HT.PRF.PB PUT=Endocrine Glands,TARGET.TEA.ENDOCRINE SOL=Solitary Nucleus,LPC.HL.SOL TH=Thalamus,FD.TH
- Retinal layers - see Reference (CX.EYE-RETINA)
GANGLION=Retinal Nucleus,LPC.FD.RT INNER=Retinal Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.RT RODSCONES=Eye,TARGET.TSA.EYE
- Global visual system - see Reference (CP.GLOBAL-VISUAL-SYSTEM)
ATH=Anterior Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.AN (see Cognitive Thalamus) BGA=Basal Ganglia,FEC.FT.BG FrontalCortex=Anterior Lobe,NC.LOBE.ANT LGN=Lateral Geniculate Nucleus,NSA.FD.LGN OPN=Oculomotor Nucleus,LPC.MM.OCN ParietalCortex=Parietal Lobe,NC.LOBE.PAR Pulvinar=Pulvinar,FD.PV (see Sensory Thalamus) RF=Pontine Reticular Formation,HT.RF Retina=Retinal Nucleus,LPC.FD.RT SCi=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon) SCs=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon) SNc=Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Lateral,FEC.FT.SNC.LT SNr=Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Dorsolateral,FEC.FT.SNR.DL SpinalCord=Lamina IX,SC.VH.L9 (see Anterior/Ventral Horn) Striatum=Striatum,FEC.FT.ST (see Basal Ganglia) VisualCortex=Occipital Lobe,NC.LOBE.OCC
- Schematic overview of spinobulbospinal micturition reflex pathway - see Reference (CM.BARRINGTON)
BAR=Barrington's Nucleus,LAC.HT.BR IMG=Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion,LAC.PN.SYM.IMG IML=Intermediolateral Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.IML ONF=Onuf's Nucleus,LPC.SC.VH.ONF PAG=Periaqueductal Gray Matter,LMC.MM.PAG PEL=Pelvic Peripheral Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.PPG SPS=Sacral Parasympathetic Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.SPS
- Visual-Auditory Interactions in Tectum - see Reference (CP.VISUAL-AUDITORY-INTERACTIONS)
AC=Primary Auditory Cortex,NSA.NC.TTG.A1 AM=Amygdala,FAM.FT.AM CN=Cochlear Nucleus,LPC.HL.COCH (see Myelencephalic Sensory Nuclei) IC=Inferior Colliculus,ABA.MM.IC (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon) MGB=Medial Geniculate Body,NSA.FD.TH.MGB OC=Superior Olivary Complex,LPC.MM.SOC PM=Premotor Cortex,NC.PMC SC=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon)
- Horizontal saccades and smooth pursuit movements - see Reference (CP.VISION-SACCADES)
Bechterew=Pontine Reticulotegmental Nucleus,LLC.HT.PRF.RTMG CR=Cerebellum,LLC.HT.CR (see Cerebellar Complex) FEFSEF=Anterior Lobe,NC.LOBE.ANT LGB=Lateral Geniculate Nucleus,NSA.FD.LGN PPRF=Paramedian Pontine Reticular Formation,HT.PRF.PPRF (see Pontine Reticular Formation) PrimaryVisual=Primary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V1 RIP=Raphe Interpositus Nucleus,LRC.MM.RP.RIP SC=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon) Striatum=Striatum,FEC.FT.ST (see Basal Ganglia) Vestibular=Superior Vestibular Nucleus,LPC.HT.SVBN VisualAssociation=Caudal Precuneus,NPE.NC.SPL.PG
- Afferent pain pathways - see Reference (CF.PAIN-PATH)
ACC=Anterior Cingulate Cortex,NC.AL.ACG (see Anterior Cingulate Area) AMY=Amygdala,FAM.FT.AM BG=Basal Ganglia,FEC.FT.BG Cerebellum=Cerebellar Complex,LLC.HT.CRC Insula=Insular Cortex,NC.INS PAG=Periaqueductal Gray Matter,LMC.MM.PAG PB=Parabrachial Nucleus,LPC.HT.PRF.PB PFC=Prefrontal Cortex,NC.AL.PFC S1=Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1 S2=Secondary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S2 SC=Posterior/Dorsal Horn,BMA.SC.PH Thalamus=Sensory Thalamus,FD.TH.SR
- Head Direction Cell Circuit - see Reference (CT.HEAD-DIRECTION)
AD=Anterodorsal Nucleus,FMM.FD.TH.AD DTN=Laterodorsal Tegmental Nucleus,LMC.HT.TG.DTG EC=Entorhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.ET (see Rhinal Cortex) HC=Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC (see Hippocampal Formation) IPD=Interpeduncular Nucleus,FEC.HT.TG.IPD LD=Lateral Dorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FMM.FD.TH.LD LHAB=Habenula,FAM.FD.HB LMB=Lateral Mammillary Nucleus,FMM.FD.MB.LMB MVSN=Medial Vestibular Nucleus,LPC.HT.MVBN NPRP=Prepositus Nucleus,LRC.HL.NPH PC=Parietal Lobe,NC.LOBE.PAR PRHC=Postrhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.POR PSUB=Postsubiculum,FMM.NC.PH.POS RSP=Retrosplenial Cortex,NCP.NC.MPL.RSC SUPGEN=Suprageniculate Nucleus of Thalamus,NSA.FD.TH.SG VC=Occipital Lobe,NC.LOBE.OCC
- Saccades and smooth movements (unknown reference) (CP.SACCADIC-VOLUNTARY-AND-PURSUIT)
CN=Caudate Nucleus,FEC.FT.CN (see Basal Ganglia) CR=Cerebellum,LLC.HT.CR (see Cerebellar Complex) DLPN=Oral Pontine Reticular Nucleus,LRC.HT.PRF.RPO Extrastriate=Associative Visual Cortex,NPE.NC.OCC.V3 (see Occipital Lobe) FEF=Frontal Eye Field,NMA.NC.PMC.FEF (see Premotor Cortex) PPC=Posterior Eye Field,NPE.NC.IPS.PEF (see Intraparietal Sulcus) PPRF=Paramedian Pontine Reticular Formation,HT.PRF.PPRF (see Pontine Reticular Formation) SC=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon) SN=Substantia Nigra,FEC.FT.SN (see Basal Ganglia) Striate=Primary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V1 TEF=Inferotemporal Area,NSA.NC.IT VGC=Cajal Nucleus,LRC.MM.CJ Vestibular=Lateral Vestibular Nucleus,LPC.HT.LVBN
- Schematic of hypothalamic circuitry underlying satiety - see Reference (CP.SATIETY)
ARC=Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus,LAC.FD.HT.AR DMH=Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.DM LHA=Lateral Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.LTN NTS=Solitary Nucleus,LPC.HL.SOL PVN=Paraventricular Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.PV VMH=Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.VM
- KIV model of cortico-hippocampal formation with subcortical projections for motor actions - see Reference (CT.KIV-MODEL)
AON=Anterior Olfactory Nucleus,LPC.FT.AON CA1=Ventrolateral Cornu Ammonis of Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC.CA1 (see Hippocampal Formation) CA2=Dorsolateral Cornu Ammonis of Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC.CA2 CA3=Dorsomedial Cornu Ammonis of Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC.CA3 (see Hippocampal Formation) DG=Dentate Gyrus,FMM.FT.HC.DG EC=Entorhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.ET (see Rhinal Cortex) PC=Piriform Cortex,NSA.NC.PH.PIR
- Visual perception abstraction - see Reference (CP.VISUAL-PERCEPTION-ABSTRACTION)
FEF=Frontal Eye Field,NMA.NC.PMC.FEF (see Premotor Cortex) IT=Inferotemporal Area,NSA.NC.IT LGN=Lateral Geniculate Nucleus,NSA.FD.LGN OCC=Occipital Lobe,NC.LOBE.OCC Prestriate=Associative Visual Cortex,NPE.NC.OCC.V3 (see Occipital Lobe) Pulvinar=Pulvinar,FD.PV (see Sensory Thalamus) Retina=Retinal Nucleus,LPC.FD.RT SC=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon)
- Visual Dorsal Pathway - see Reference (CP.VISUAL-DORSAL-PATHWAY)
IPL=Inferior Parietal Lobule,NC.IPL IT=Inferotemporal Area,NSA.NC.IT LGN=Lateral Geniculate Nucleus,NSA.FD.LGN MST=Medial Superior Temporal Area,NPE.NC.IPL.MST Retina=Retinal Nucleus,LPC.FD.RT SPL=Superior Parietal Lobule,NC.SPL V1=Primary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V1 V2=Secondary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V2 (see Occipital Lobe) V3=Associative Visual Cortex,NPE.NC.OCC.V3 (see Occipital Lobe) V4=Fusiform Gyrus,NSA.NC.OCC.V4 (see Occipital Lobe) V5=Middle Temporal Area,NSA.NC.OCC.MT V6=Parietooccipital Area,NSA.NC.OCC.PO
- Saccadic Vision - see Reference (CP.SACCADIC-VISION)
BG=Basal Ganglia,FEC.FT.BG CN=Caudate Nucleus,FEC.FT.CN (see Basal Ganglia) CR=Cerebellum,LLC.HT.CR (see Cerebellar Complex) FrontalCortex=Anterior Lobe,NC.LOBE.ANT GPe=Globus Pallidus External,FEC.FT.GPE (see Basal Ganglia) LGN=Lateral Geniculate Nucleus,NSA.FD.LGN LIP=Lateral Intraparietal Sulcus,NPE.NC.IPS.LIP RF=Pontine Reticular Formation,HT.RF Retina=Retinal Nucleus,LPC.FD.RT SCi=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon) SCs=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon) SNpr=Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Dorsolateral,FEC.FT.SNR.DL STN=Subthalamic Nucleus,FEC.FD.STN (see Subthalamus Area) Thalamus=Thalamus,FD.TH VisualCortex=Occipital Lobe,NC.LOBE.OCC
- Targets of retina neurons - see Reference (CP.RETINA-OUTPUTS)
HT=Hypothalamus,FD.HT LGB=Lateral Geniculate Nucleus,NSA.FD.LGN Pretectum=Pretectum,MM.PT (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon) Retina=Retinal Nucleus,LPC.FD.RT SC=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon)
- Effect of light on pupil diameter - see Reference (CP.PUPIL-REFLEX)
DMH=Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.DM EW=Edinger-Westphal Nucleus,LAC.MM.EWN EYE=Eye,TARGET.TSA.EYE GC=Ciliary Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.CLG IML=Ciliospinal Center,LAC.SC.IZ.CSC LC=Locus Coeruleus,LMC.HT.LC OPN=Pretectal Olivary Nucleus,LRC.MM.PT.PON PVN=Paraventricular Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.PV RET=Retinal Nucleus,LPC.FD.RT SCG=Superior Cervical Ganglion,LAC.PN.SYM.SCG SCN=Suprachiasmatic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.SCN
- Paths from Retina to Parietal Cortex and IT - see Reference (CP.PRIMARY-VISUAL-FORWARD-FLOWS)
7a=Caudal Precuneus,NPE.NC.SPL.PG LGN=Lateral Geniculate Nucleus,NSA.FD.LGN LIP=Lateral Intraparietal Sulcus,NPE.NC.IPS.LIP MST=Medial Superior Temporal Area,NPE.NC.IPL.MST MT=Middle Temporal Area,NSA.NC.OCC.MT PO=Parietooccipital Area,NSA.NC.OCC.PO Retina=Retinal Nucleus,LPC.FD.RT TE=Inferotemporal Cortex,NSA.NC.IT.TE TEO=Preoccipital Inferotemporal Area,NSA.NC.IT.TEO V1=Primary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V1 V2=Secondary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V2 (see Occipital Lobe) V3=Associative Visual Cortex,NPE.NC.OCC.V3 (see Occipital Lobe) V4=Fusiform Gyrus,NSA.NC.OCC.V4 (see Occipital Lobe) VIP=Ventral Intraparietal Sulcus,NSA.NC.IPS.VIP
- Geniculate and Extyrageniculate Paths - see Reference (CP.GENICULATE-PATHS)
LGN=Lateral Geniculate Nucleus,NSA.FD.LGN PPN=Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nuclei,LMC.HT.TG.PPN RF=Pontine Reticular Formation,HT.RF Retina=Retinal Nucleus,LPC.FD.RT SC=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon) VC=Occipital Lobe,NC.LOBE.OCC
- Eye muscles - see Reference (CP.EYE-MUSCLES)
Retina=Retinal Nucleus,LPC.FD.RT
- Eye muscle directions - see Reference (CP.EYE-MUSCLE-DIRECTIONS)
Retina=Retinal Nucleus,LPC.FD.RT
- Eye movement terminology - see Reference (CP.EYE-MOVEMENT-TERMINOLOGY)
Retina=Retinal Nucleus,LPC.FD.RT
References
(generated)
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