View source for BrainRegionTARGET TSA EYE


<pre style="color: green">Eye</pre>
@@[[Home]] -> [[BiologicalLifeResearch]] -> [[BrainAreaTSA]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TSA_EYE]]
----

This page covers biological details of component Eye.
Region is part of aHuman target integrated biological model.

* '''Top-down path to region''': Target -> Human Sensors (aHumanSensors) -> Eye (TARGET.TSA.EYE) (see [[OverallMindMaps|Mind Maps]])
* '''Type''': sensor
* '''Brain area''': [[BrainAreaTSA|Sensor Area]]
* '''Role''': unknown
* '''Function''': Light and Color Perception Sensor
(generated)
= Components =
(generated)


'''Component items''':
* '''Eye sensory data''' ('''eye-sensory''')
** Eye - rods and cones (eye-edge-output -> [[BrainRegionLPC_FD_RT|LPC.FD.RT]]): after on-center/off-center edge extraction and zipping 100:1
** Eye - somatic receptors (eye-somatic -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_TRG|LPC.PN.SG.TRG]]): eye -> semilunar ganglion/ophthalmic -> PTR
** Eye - visceral receptors (eye-visceral -> [[BrainRegionLPC_MM_MSTR|LPC.MM.MSTR]]): eye -> semilunar ganglion/ophthalmic -> STR, proprioception
* '''Eye rotation motor muscles''' ('''eye-rotation-motor''')
** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inferior_oblique_muscle Eye - inferior oblique muscle] ([[BrainRegionLPC_MM_OCN|LPC.MM.OCN]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|eye-muscle-rotate-major-inferior-oblique]]): extorsion, elevation, abduction
** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inferior_rectus_muscle Eye - inferior rectus muscle] ([[BrainRegionLPC_MM_OCN|LPC.MM.OCN]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|eye-muscle-rotate-major-inferior-rectus]]): depression and adduction
** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medial_rectus_muscle Eye - medial rectus muscle] ([[BrainRegionLPC_MM_OCN|LPC.MM.OCN]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|eye-muscle-rotate-major-medial-rectus]]): adducts the eyeball
** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superior_rectus_muscle Eye - superior rectus muscle] ([[BrainRegionLPC_MM_OCN|LPC.MM.OCN]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|eye-muscle-rotate-major-superior-rectus]]): elevates, adducts, and rotates medially the eye
** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levator_palpebrae_superioris_muscle Eye - levator palpebrae superioris muscle] ([[BrainRegionLPC_MM_OCN|LPC.MM.OCN]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|eye-muscle-rotate-major-levator-palpebrae]]): retracts/elevates eyelid
** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superior_oblique_muscle Eye - superior oblique muscle] ([[BrainRegionLPC_MM_TRH|LPC.MM.TRH]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|eye-muscle-rotate-minor]]): superior oblique, rotation in a vertical plane - looking down and up, rotation in the plane of the face
** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lateral_rectus_muscle Eye - lateral rectus muscle] ([[BrainRegionLPC_HP_ABD|LPC.HP.ABD]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|eye-muscle-rotate-vestibular]]): lateral rectus, quick turn to the right -> compensatory reflex turning of two eyes to the left
* '''Eye pupil and accomodation motor muscles''' ('''eye-pupil-motor''')
** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciliary_muscle Eye - ciliary muscle - sympathetic] ([[BrainRegionLAC_PN_SYM_SCG|LAC.PN.SYM.SCG]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|eye-muscle-curvature-sympathetic]]): to ciliary muscle to increase eye accomodation
** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciliary_muscle Eye - ciliary muscle - parasympathetic] ([[BrainRegionLAC_PN_PSYM_CLG|LAC.PN.PSYM.CLG]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|eye-muscle-curvature-parasympathetic]]): to ciliary muscle to inhibit eye accomodation
** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iris_sphincter_muscle Eye - iris sphincter muscle] ([[BrainRegionLAC_PN_PSYM_EPG|LAC.PN.PSYM.EPG]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|eye-muscle-pupil-close]]): to sphincter pupillae to close pupil
** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iris_dilator_muscle Eye - iris dilator muscle] ([[BrainRegionLAC_PN_SYM_SCG|LAC.PN.SYM.SCG]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|eye-muscle-pupil-open]]): to dilator pupillae to open pupil
* '''Eyelid motor muscles''' ('''eyelid-motor''')
** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbicularis_oculi_muscle Eye - orbicularis oculi muscle:temporal] ([[BrainRegionLPC_HP_FCM|LPC.HP.FCM]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|eye-muscle-close-conscious-orbital]]): orbital portion, contraction of the orbital to reduce glare
** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbicularis_oculi_muscle Eye - orbicularis oculi muscle:zygomatic] ([[BrainRegionLPC_HP_FCM|LPC.HP.FCM]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|eye-muscle-close-conscious-lacrimal]]): lacrimal part (tensor tarsi), conscious muscle to close eye; draws the eyelids and the ends of the lacrimal canals medialward and compresses them against the surface of the globe of the eye; compresses the lacrimal sac
** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbicularis_oculi_muscle Eye - orbicularis oculi muscle:palpebrale] ([[BrainRegionLPC_HP_FCM|LPC.HP.FCM]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|eye-muscle-close-involuntary-palpebrale]]): palpebral portion, acts involuntarily, closing the lids gently; involuntary muscle to close eye
** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superior_tarsal_muscle Eye - superior tarsal muscle] ([[BrainRegionLAC_PN_SYM_SCG|LAC.PN.SYM.SCG]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|eye-muscle-superior-tarsal]]): raise the upper eyelid
** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarsus_%28eyelids%29 Eye - inferior tarsal muscle] ([[BrainRegionLAC_PN_SYM_SCG|LAC.PN.SYM.SCG]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|eye-muscle-inferior-tarsal]]): lower lid retraction
** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbitalis_muscle Eye - orbitalis muscle] ([[BrainRegionLAC_PN_SYM_SCG|LAC.PN.SYM.SCG]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|eye-orbitalis-muscle]]): protrusion of eyeball
* '''Eye glands''' ('''eye-glands''')
** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lacrimal_gland Eye - lacrimal gland] ([[BrainRegionLAC_PN_PSYM_SPG|LAC.PN.PSYM.SPG]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|eye-tears-gland]]): tears
** Eye - lacrimal gland and conjunctiva receptors (eye-lacrimal-gland-conjunctiva-receptors -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_TRG|LPC.PN.SG.TRG]]): tears

= Connectivity =
(generated)


http://ahuman.googlecode.com/svn/images/dot/aHuman/TARGET.TSA.EYE.dot.png

'''Inbound Region Connections:'''

{| class=wikitable width=80%
| '''Source Area''' || '''Source Region''' || '''Source Name''' || '''Type''' || '''Reference''' 
|-
| [[BrainAreaLAC|LAC]] || [[BrainRegionLAC_PN_PSYM_CLG|LAC.PN.PSYM.CLG]] || Ciliary Ganglion || eye-muscle-curvature-parasympathetic || [http://www.neurophysiology.ws/autonomicns.htm Autonomic nervous system (CLG -> EYE)] 
|-
|  || [[BrainRegionLAC_PN_PSYM_EPG|LAC.PN.PSYM.EPG]] || Episcleral Ganglion || eye-muscle-pupil-close || [http://www.neurophysiology.ws/autonomicns.htm Autonomic nervous system (EPG -> EYE)] 
|-
|  || [[BrainRegionLAC_PN_PSYM_SPG|LAC.PN.PSYM.SPG]] || Sphenopalatine Ganglion || eye-tears-gland || (unknown reference) 
|-
|  || [[BrainRegionLAC_PN_SYM_SCG|LAC.PN.SYM.SCG]] || Superior Cervical Ganglion || eye-muscle-curvature-sympathetic || [http://www.nature.com/pr/journal/v71/n3/fig_tab/pr201138f1.html Sympathetic and parasympathetic eye pathways (SCG -> EYE)] 
|-
| [[BrainAreaLPC|LPC]] || [[BrainRegionLPC_HP_ABD|LPC.HP.ABD]] || Abducens Nucleus || eye-muscle-rotate-vestibular || [http://neuroscience.uth.tmc.edu/s3/chapter07.html Eye blink reflex and pupillary light reflex (Abducens -> EYE)] 
|-
|  || [[BrainRegionLPC_HP_FCM|LPC.HP.FCM]] || Facial Motor Nucleus || eye-muscle-close-conscious-lacrimal || (unknown reference) 
|-
|  || [[BrainRegionLPC_MM_OCN|LPC.MM.OCN]] || Oculomotor Nucleus || eye-muscle-rotate-major-inferior-oblique || [http://neuroscience.uth.tmc.edu/s3/chapter07.html Eye blink reflex and pupillary light reflex (Oculomotor -> EYE)] 
|-
|  || [[BrainRegionLPC_MM_TRH|LPC.MM.TRH]] || Trochlear Nucleus || eye-muscle-rotate-minor || [http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-cranial-nerves-organization-of-the-central-nervous-system-part-4 Extraocular eye muscles (TRC -> EYE)] 
|}

'''Outbound Region Connections:'''

{| class=wikitable width=80%
| '''Target Area''' || '''Target Region''' || '''Target Name''' || '''Type''' || '''Reference''' 
|-
| [[BrainAreaLPC|LPC]] || [[BrainRegionLPC_FD_RT|LPC.FD.RT]] || Retina || eye-edge-output || [http://neuroscience.uth.tmc.edu/s3/chapter07.html Vision Components (EYE -> RT)] 
|-
|  || [[BrainRegionLPC_MM_MSTR|LPC.MM.MSTR]] || Mesencephalic Trigeminal Nucleus || eye-visceral || (unknown reference) 
|-
|  || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_TRG|LPC.PN.SG.TRG]] || Trigeminal Ganglion || eye-lacrimal-gland-conjunctiva-receptors || (unknown reference) 
|}

= Thirdparty Circuits =
(generated)

* [http://what-when-how.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/tmp15F38_thumb.jpg Extraocular eye muscles] - see [http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-cranial-nerves-organization-of-the-central-nervous-system-part-4 Reference]

<img src="http://what-when-how.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/tmp15F38_thumb.jpg" alt="unavailable"height=400width=400>

* [http://ahuman.googlecode.com/svn/images/wiki/research/biomodel/vision-subcortical.jpg Vision Components] - see [http://neuroscience.uth.tmc.edu/s3/chapter07.html Reference]

<img src="http://ahuman.googlecode.com/svn/images/wiki/research/biomodel/vision-subcortical.jpg" alt="unavailable">

* [http://www.dartmouth.edu/~rswenson/NeuroSci/figures/Figure_16_files/image002.jpg Trigeminal Nuclei] - see [http://www.lookfordiagnosis.com/mesh_info.php?term=Trigeminal+Nucleilang=1 Reference]

<img src="http://www.dartmouth.edu/~rswenson/NeuroSci/figures/Figure_16_files/image002.jpg" alt="unavailable">

* [http://ahuman.googlecode.com/svn/images/wiki/research/biomodel/oculomotor.jpg Eye blink reflex and pupillary light reflex] - see [http://neuroscience.uth.tmc.edu/s3/chapter07.html Reference]

<img src="http://ahuman.googlecode.com/svn/images/wiki/research/biomodel/oculomotor.jpg" alt="unavailable">

* [http://www.nature.com/pr/journal/v71/n3/images/pr201138f1.gif Sympathetic and parasympathetic eye pathways] - see [http://www.nature.com/pr/journal/v71/n3/fig_tab/pr201138f1.html Reference]

<img src="http://www.nature.com/pr/journal/v71/n3/images/pr201138f1.gif" alt="unavailable"height=400width=400>

* [http://www.neurophysiology.ws/images/fig-4.gif Autonomic nervous system] - see [http://www.neurophysiology.ws/autonomicns.htm Reference]

<img src="http://www.neurophysiology.ws/images/fig-4.gif" alt="unavailable">


= References =
(generated)

* http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-cranial-nerves-organization-of-the-central-nervous-system-part-4
* http://neuroscience.uth.tmc.edu/s3/chapter07.html
* http://www.lookfordiagnosis.com/mesh_info.php?term=Trigeminal+Nucleilang=1
* http://www.nature.com/pr/journal/v71/n3/fig_tab/pr201138f1.html
* http://www.neurophysiology.ws/autonomicns.htm