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Human Spinal Thoracic Nerves

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This page is intended to list spinal cord roots of biological human, which connect mind to human limbs and visceral organs.

Coverage verified by:

• http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/nerve (name base)
• http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves (MA reference)

CERVICAL NERVES - ROOTS

(generated)

motor nuclei/ganglia:

sensory nuclei/ganglia:

nerves:

• C1-C4, upper cervical ventral spinal roots; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor, general sensory}; MUSCLES={Hand - levator claviculae muscle - lifts clavicle}
  • 
  • C1 nerve (MA:C1 NERVE); DISTRIBUTION={moves forward lateral to the lateral mass and medial to vertebral artery}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor, general sensory}
    • C1 nerve, dorsal root (suboccipital nerve); DISTRIBUTION={supplies all the muscles in suboccipital triangle}; MODALITY={general sensory}; ROOTS={suboccipital nerve; jugular nerve, sensory}
    • C1 nerve, ventral root; BRANCHES={muscular branch to sternocleidomastoid, rectus lateralis/capitis anterior, longus capitis; greater auricular nerve; lesser occipital nerve; branch to vagus nerve; superior root of ansa cervicalis}; DISTRIBUTION={joins the ascending branches of C2 nerve}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor}; ROOTS={accessory nerve, external; ansa cervicalis, superior root; nerve to geniohyoid; thyroid nerve; suboccipital nerve; nerve to atlanto-occipital joint muscles}
  • C2 nerve (MA:C2 NERVE); MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor, general sensory}
    • C2 nerve, dorsal root; BRANCHES={divides into medial (greater occipital nerve - supplies the skin of the scalp as far as the vertex) and lateral branches}; MODALITY={general sensory}; ROOTS={cervical nerve, transverse; great auricular nerve, anterior branch; occipital nerve, greater; occipital nerve, lesser; jugular nerve, sensory}
    • C2 nerve, ventral root; BRANCHES={divides into terminal ascending and descending branches; muscular branches to sternocleidomastoid, longus capitis/colli; inferior root of ansa cervicalis; greater auricular nerve; lesser occipital nerve}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor}; ROOTS={accessory nerve, external; ansa cervicalis, inferior root; occipital nerve, greater; nerve to atlanto-occipital joint muscles}
  • C3 nerve (MA:C3 NERVE); MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor, general sensory}
    • C3 nerve, dorsal root; BRANCHES={medial and lateral branches}; DISTRIBUTION={medial - skin after piercing the trapezius and the splenius; lateral - joins C2 dorsal ramus}; MODALITY={general sensory}; ROOTS={phrenic nerve, proper; cervical nerve, transverse; great auricular nerve, posterior branch; occipital nerve, lesser; occipital nerve, third; supraclavicular nerves; jugular nerve, sensory}
    • C3 nerve, ventral root; BRANCHES={muscular branches to trapezius, longus capitis, longus colli, scalenus medius, levator scapulae; inferior root of ansa cervicalis; root to phrenic nerve}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor}; ROOTS={accessory nerve, external; ansa cervicalis, inferior root; phrenic nerve, proper; nerve to scalene and levator scapulae muscles; nerve to splenius capitis muscle; motor nerves of back, flexors; motor nerves of back, extensors}
  • C4 nerve (MA:C4 NERVE); MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor, general sensory}
    • C4 nerve, dorsal root; BRANCHES={medial and lateral branches}; DISTRIBUTION={supply the skin of C4 dermatome and the muscles of the back; medial - skin after piercing the trapezius and the splenius; lateral - supply the longissimus, cervicis, longissimus capitis, and iliocostalis cervicis}; MODALITY={general sensory}; ROOTS={phrenic nerve, proper; supraclavicular nerves; jugular nerve, sensory}
    • C4 nerve, ventral root; BRANCHES={muscular branches to trapezius, levator scapulae, longus colli; branch to phrenic nerve; small communication to C5 nerve; with C3 forms supraclavicular nerves}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor}; ROOTS={accessory nerve, external; phrenic nerve, proper; nerve to scalene and levator scapulae muscles; nerve to splenius capitis muscle; motor nerves of back, flexors; motor nerves of back, extensors}
• C5-C8, lower cervical ventral spinal roots; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor, general sensory}
  • 
  • C5 nerve (MA:C5 NERVE); MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor, general sensory}
    • C5 nerve, dorsal root; DISTRIBUTION={medial - skin after piercing the trapezius and the splenius; lateral - longissimus, cervicis, longissimus capitis, and iliocostalis cervicis}; MODALITY={general sensory}; ROOTS={phrenic nerve, accessory; suprascapular nerve; musculocutaneous nerve, sensory; axillary nerve; median nerve, sensory; radial nerve, sensory}
    • C5 nerve, ventral root; BRANCHES={dorsal scapular nerve; muscular branch to scalene muscles; branch to long thoracic nerve/phrenic nerve; terminal part joins C6 to form upper trunk of brachial plexus}; DISTRIBUTION={leads into the upper trunk, then to the lateral cord, and finally to the musculocutaneous nerve}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor}; ROOTS={phrenic nerve, accessory; nerve to scalene and levator scapulae muscles; dorsal scapular nerve; suprascapular nerve; lateral pectoral nerve; musculocutaneous nerve, motor; long thoracic nerve; subclavian nerve; axillary nerve; lower subscapular nerve; upper subscapular nerve; pectoral nerve; median nerve, motor; radial nerve, motor; nerve to splenius cervilis muscle; motor nerves of back, flexors; motor nerves of back, extensors}
  • C6 nerve (MA:C6 NERVE); MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor, general sensory}
    • C6 nerve, dorsal root; BRANCHES={medial and lateral branches}; DISTRIBUTION={skin of C6 dermatome and the muscles of the back; medial - skin after piercing the trapezius and the splenius; lateral - longissimus, cervicis, longissimus capitis, and iliocostalis cervicis}; MODALITY={general sensory}; ROOTS={suprascapular nerve; musculocutaneous nerve, sensory; axillary nerve; median nerve, sensory; radial nerve, sensory}
    • C6 nerve, ventral root; BRANCHES={to scalene muscles; long thoracic nerve; terminal part joins C5 to form upper trunk of brachial plexus}; DISTRIBUTION={innervating many muscles of the rotator cuff and distal arm - subclavius, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, biceps brachii, brachialis, deltoid, teres minor, brachioradialis, serratus anterior, subscapularis, pectoralis major, coracobrachialis, teres major, supinator, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi radialis longus, latissimus dorsi}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor}; ROOTS={subclavian nerve; musculocutaneous nerve, motor; axillary nerve; median nerve, motor; radial nerve, motor; lower subscapular nerve; upper subscapular nerve; long thoracic nerve; nerve to splenius cervilis muscle; motor nerves of back, flexors; motor nerves of back, extensors}
  • C7 nerve (MA:C7 NERVE); MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor, general sensory}
    • C7 nerve, dorsal root; BRANCHES={medial and lateral branches}; DISTRIBUTION={supply the skin of C7 dermatome and the muscles of the back; medial - skin after piercing the trapezius and the splenius; lateral - longissimus, cervicis, longissimus capitis, and iliocostalis cervicis}; MODALITY={general sensory}; ROOTS={musculocutaneous nerve, sensory; median nerve, sensory; radial nerve, sensory}
    • C7 nerve, ventral root; BRANCHES={to scalene muscles; to long thoracic nerve; terminal part forms the middle trunk of brachial plexus}; DISTRIBUTION={musculocutaneous nerve, ulnar nerve, radial nerve, wrist flexion and hand adduction}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor}; ROOTS={musculocutaneous nerve, motor; lateral pectoral nerve; median nerve, motor; radial nerve, motor; long thoracic nerve; middle subscapular nerve; motor nerves of back, flexors; motor nerves of back, extensors}
  • C8 nerve (MA:C8 NERVE); MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor, general sensory}
    • C8 nerve, dorsal root; BRANCHES={medial and lateral branches}; DISTRIBUTION={supply the skin of C8 dermatome and the muscles of the back; medial - skin after piercing the trapezius and the splenius; lateral - longissimus, cervicis, longissimus capitis, and iliocostalis cervicis; skin on the little finger, slightly past the wrist on the palmar and dorsal aspects of the hand and forearm}; MODALITY={general sensory}; ROOTS={median nerve, sensory; radial nerve, sensory; ulnar nerve, sensory; cutaneous nerve of arm, medial}
    • C8 nerve, ventral root; BRANCHES={to scalene muscles; to long thoracic nerve}; DISTRIBUTION={flexion of the fingers, many mucles of trunk, upper arm, forearm, hand}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor}; ROOTS={median nerve, motor; radial nerve, motor; ulnar nerve, motor; medial pectoral nerve; middle subscapular nerve; motor nerves of back, flexors; motor nerves of back, extensors}

THORACIC NERVES - ROOTS

(generated)

motor nuclei/ganglia:

sensory nuclei/ganglia:

nerves:

• T1 nerve (MA:T1 NERVE); MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor, general sensory}
  • T1 nerve, dorsal root; BRANCHES={divides into medial and lateral branches}; DISTRIBUTION={medial - muscular semispinalis thoracis and multifidus, cutaneous medial part of posterior aspect of T1 dermatome; lateral - muscular longissimus thoracis and iliocostalis thoracis, cutaneous lateral part of the T1 dermatome}; MODALITY={general sensory}; ROOTS={median nerve, sensory; radial nerve, sensory; ulnar nerve, sensory; cutaneous nerve of arm, medial; intercostal nerves, anterior cutaneous branches}
  • T1 nerve, ventral root; BRANCHES={large and small branches}; DISTRIBUTION={large - brachial plexus; small - first intercostal nerve}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor}; ROOTS={median nerve, motor; radial nerve, motor; ulnar nerve, motor; medial pectoral nerve; middle subscapular nerve; first intercostal nerve; motor nerves of back, flexors; motor nerves of back, extensors}
• T12 nerve (MA:12TH THORACIC NERVE); MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor, general sensory}
  • T12 nerve, dorsal root; BRANCHES={divides into medial and lateral branches}; DISTRIBUTION={medial - muscular multifidus and longissimus thoracis; lateral - skin of anterior part of gluteal region}; MODALITY={general sensory}; ROOTS={subcostal nerve, sensory}
  • T12 nerve, ventral root; DISTRIBUTION={subcostal nerve}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor}; ROOTS={subcostal nerve, motor; motor nerves of back, flexors; motor nerves of back, extensors}
• lower thoracic nerves; DISTRIBUTION={Rectus abdominis; Intercostales; Serratus posterior inferior}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor, general sensory}

• • T10 nerve (MA:T10 NERVE); DISTRIBUTION={supplies muscles of anterior abdominal wall - internal oblique, rectus abdominis, transversus abdominis}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor, general sensory}
    • T10 nerve, dorsal root; BRANCHES={divides into medial and lateral branches}; DISTRIBUTION={medial - muscular semispinalis thoracis and multifidus, cutaneous medial part of posterior aspect of T10 dermatome; lateral - muscular longissimus thoracis and iliocostalis thoracis, cutaneous lateral part of the T10 dermatome}; MODALITY={general sensory}; ROOTS={intercostal muscular somatic nerves; intercostal nerves, posterior lateral cutaneous branches; intercostal nerves, anterior cutaneous branches}
    • T10 nerve, ventral root; DISTRIBUTION={10th intercostal nerve; supply external oblique, internal oblique, transversus abdominis, rectus abdominis muscles}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor}; ROOTS={thoracic and thoracicoabdominal intercostal nerves, flexors; thoracic intercostal nerves, extensors; thoracicoabdominal intercostal nerves, extensors; motor nerves of back, flexors; motor nerves of back, extensors}
  • T11 nerve (MA:T11 NERVE); DISTRIBUTION={supplies muscles of anterior abdominal wall - internal oblique, rectus abdominis, transversus abdominis}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor, general sensory}
    • T11 nerve, dorsal root; BRANCHES={divides into medial and lateral branches}; DISTRIBUTION={medial - muscular semispinalis thoracis and multifidus, cutaneous medial part of posterior aspect of T11 dermatome; lateral - muscular longissimus thoracis and iliocostalis thoracis, cutaneous lateral part of the T11 dermatome}; MODALITY={general sensory}; ROOTS={intercostal muscular somatic nerves; intercostal nerves, posterior lateral cutaneous branches; intercostal nerves, anterior cutaneous branches}
    • T11 nerve, ventral root; DISTRIBUTION={11th intercostal nerve; supply external oblique, internal oblique, transversus abdominis, rectus abdominis muscles}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor}; ROOTS={thoracic and thoracicoabdominal intercostal nerves, flexors; thoracic intercostal nerves, extensors; thoracicoabdominal intercostal nerves, extensors; motor nerves of back, flexors; motor nerves of back, extensors}
  • T7 nerve (MA:T7 NERVE); DISTRIBUTION={supply muscles of abdomen - external oblique, internal oblique, transversus abdominis, rectus abdominis}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor, general sensory}
    • T7 nerve, dorsal root; BRANCHES={divides into medial and lateral branches}; DISTRIBUTION={medial - muscular semispinalis thoracis and multifidus, cutaneous medial part of posterior aspect of T7 dermatome; lateral - muscular longissimus thoracis and iliocostalis thoracis, cutaneous lateral part of the T7 dermatome}; MODALITY={general sensory}; ROOTS={intercostal muscular somatic nerves; intercostal nerves, posterior lateral cutaneous branches; intercostal nerves, anterior cutaneous branches}
    • T7 nerve, ventral root; DISTRIBUTION={7th intercostal nerve; supply external oblique, internal oblique, transversus abdominis, rectus abdominis muscles}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor}; ROOTS={thoracic and thoracicoabdominal intercostal nerves, flexors; thoracic intercostal nerves, extensors; thoracicoabdominal intercostal nerves, extensors; motor nerves of back, flexors; motor nerves of back, extensors}
  • T8 nerve (MA:T8 NERVE); DISTRIBUTION={supply muscles of abdomen - external oblique, internal oblique, transversus abdominis, rectus abdominis}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor, general sensory}
    • T8 nerve, dorsal root; BRANCHES={divides into medial and lateral branches}; DISTRIBUTION={medial - muscular semispinalis thoracis and multifidus, cutaneous medial part of posterior aspect of T8 dermatome; lateral - muscular longissimus thoracis and iliocostalis thoracis, cutaneous lateral part of the T8 dermatome}; MODALITY={general sensory}; ROOTS={intercostal muscular somatic nerves; intercostal nerves, posterior lateral cutaneous branches; intercostal nerves, anterior cutaneous branches}
    • T8 nerve, ventral root; DISTRIBUTION={8th intercostal nerve; supply external oblique, internal oblique, transversus abdominis, rectus abdominis muscles}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor}; ROOTS={thoracic and thoracicoabdominal intercostal nerves, flexors; thoracic intercostal nerves, extensors; thoracicoabdominal intercostal nerves, extensors; motor nerves of back, flexors; motor nerves of back, extensors}
  • T9 nerve (MA:T9 NERVE); DISTRIBUTION={supplies muscles of anterior abdominal wall - internal oblique, transversus abdominis, rectus abdominis}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor, general sensory}
    • T9 nerve, dorsal root; BRANCHES={divides into medial and lateral branches}; DISTRIBUTION={medial - muscular semispinalis thoracis and multifidus, cutaneous medial part of posterior aspect of T9 dermatome; lateral - muscular longissimus thoracis and iliocostalis thoracis, cutaneous lateral part of the T9 dermatome}; MODALITY={general sensory}; ROOTS={intercostal muscular somatic nerves; intercostal nerves, posterior lateral cutaneous branches; intercostal nerves, anterior cutaneous branches}
    • T9 nerve, ventral root; DISTRIBUTION={9th intercostal nerve; supply external oblique, internal oblique, transversus abdominis, rectus abdominis muscles}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor}; ROOTS={thoracic and thoracicoabdominal intercostal nerves, flexors; thoracic intercostal nerves, extensors; thoracicoabdominal intercostal nerves, extensors; motor nerves of back, flexors; motor nerves of back, extensors}
• upper thoracic nerves; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor, general sensory}
  • T2 nerve (MA:T2 NERVE); MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor, general sensory}
    • T2 nerve, dorsal root; BRANCHES={divides into medial and lateral branches}; DISTRIBUTION={medial - muscular semispinalis thoracis and multifidus, cutaneous medial part of posterior aspect of T2 dermatome; lateral - muscular longissimus thoracis and iliocostalis thoracis, cutaneous lateral part of the T2 dermatome}; MODALITY={general sensory}; ROOTS={first intercostobrachial nerve; intercostal nerves, anterior cutaneous branches}
    • T2 nerve, ventral root; DISTRIBUTION={2nd intercostal nerve}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor}; ROOTS={thoracic and thoracicoabdominal intercostal nerves, flexors; thoracic intercostal nerves, extensors; thoracicoabdominal intercostal nerves, extensors; motor nerves of back, flexors; motor nerves of back, extensors}
  • T3 nerve (MA:T3 NERVE); MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor, general sensory}
    • T3 nerve, dorsal root; BRANCHES={divides into medial and lateral branches}; DISTRIBUTION={medial - muscular semispinalis thoracis and multifidus, cutaneous medial part of posterior aspect of T3 dermatome; lateral - muscular longissimus thoracis and iliocostalis thoracis, cutaneous lateral part of the T3 dermatome}; MODALITY={general sensory}; ROOTS={second intercostobrachial nerve; intercostal nerves, anterior cutaneous branches}
    • T3 nerve, ventral root; DISTRIBUTION={3rd intercostal nerve}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor}; ROOTS={thoracic and thoracicoabdominal intercostal nerves, flexors; thoracic intercostal nerves, extensors; thoracicoabdominal intercostal nerves, extensors; motor nerves of back, flexors; motor nerves of back, extensors}
  • T4 nerve (MA:T4 NERVE); MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor, general sensory}
    • T4 nerve, dorsal root; BRANCHES={divides into medial and lateral branches}; DISTRIBUTION={medial - muscular semispinalis thoracis and multifidus, cutaneous medial part of posterior aspect of T4 dermatome; lateral - muscular longissimus thoracis and iliocostalis thoracis, cutaneous lateral part of the T4 dermatome}; MODALITY={general sensory}; ROOTS={thoracic breast nerves; intercostal nerves, posterior lateral cutaneous branches; intercostal nerves, anterior cutaneous branches}
    • T4 nerve, ventral root; DISTRIBUTION={4th intercostal nerve}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor}; ROOTS={thoracic and thoracicoabdominal intercostal nerves, flexors; thoracic intercostal nerves, extensors; thoracicoabdominal intercostal nerves, extensors; motor nerves of back, flexors; motor nerves of back, extensors}
  • T5 nerve (MA:T5 NERVE); MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor, general sensory}
    • T5 nerve, dorsal root; BRANCHES={divides into medial and lateral branches}; DISTRIBUTION={medial - muscular semispinalis thoracis and multifidus, cutaneous medial part of posterior aspect of T5 dermatome; lateral - muscular longissimus thoracis and iliocostalis thoracis, cutaneous lateral part of the T5 dermatome}; MODALITY={general sensory}; ROOTS={thoracic breast nerves; intercostal nerves, posterior lateral cutaneous branches; intercostal nerves, anterior cutaneous branches}
    • T5 nerve, ventral root; DISTRIBUTION={5th intercostal nerve}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor}; ROOTS={thoracic and thoracicoabdominal intercostal nerves, flexors; thoracic intercostal nerves, extensors; thoracicoabdominal intercostal nerves, extensors; motor nerves of back, flexors; motor nerves of back, extensors}
  • T6 nerve (MA:T6 NERVE); MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor, general sensory}
    • T6 nerve, dorsal root; BRANCHES={divides into medial and lateral branches}; DISTRIBUTION={medial - muscular semispinalis thoracis and multifidus, cutaneous medial part of posterior aspect of T6 dermatome; lateral - muscular longissimus thoracis and iliocostalis thoracis, cutaneous lateral part of the T6 dermatome}; MODALITY={general sensory}; ROOTS={intercostal muscular somatic nerves; intercostal nerves, posterior lateral cutaneous branches; intercostal nerves, anterior cutaneous branches}
    • T6 nerve, ventral root; DISTRIBUTION={6th intercostal nerve}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor}; ROOTS={thoracic and thoracicoabdominal intercostal nerves, flexors; thoracic intercostal nerves, extensors; thoracicoabdominal intercostal nerves, extensors; motor nerves of back, flexors; motor nerves of back, extensors}

LUMBAR NERVES - ROOTS

(generated)

motor nuclei/ganglia:

sensory nuclei/ganglia:

nerves:

• L1 nerve (MA:L1 NERVE); ORIGIN={Spinal cord segment L1}; BRANCHES={dorsal - medial, lateral; ventral - lower, upper}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor, general sensory}

• • L1 nerve, dorsal root; DISTRIBUTION={medial - to multifidus, lateral - cutaneous branches, supply skin of gluteal region}; MODALITY={general sensory}; ROOTS={iliohypogastric nerve; ilioinguinal nerve; genitofemoral nerve, genital branch; genitofemoral nerve, femoral branch; cluneal nerves, superior}

• • L1 nerve, ventral root; DISTRIBUTION={lower to lumbar plexus - to genitofemoral nerve, upper - to iliohypogastric nerve, ilioinguinal nerve}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor}; ROOTS={genitofemoral nerve, genital branch; nerve to quadratus lumborum; motor nerves of back, flexors; motor nerves of back, extensors}
• L2 nerve (MA:L2 NERVE); ORIGIN={Spinal cord segment L2}; BRANCHES={dorsal - medial, lateral; ventral - 1-4 branches}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor, general sensory}
  • L2 nerve, dorsal root; DISTRIBUTION={medial - to multifidus, lateral - cutaneous branches, supply skin of gluteal region}; MODALITY={general sensory}; ROOTS={genitofemoral nerve, genital branch; genitofemoral nerve, femoral branch; cutaneous nerve of thigh, lateral; femoral nerve, leg; cluneal nerves, superior; femoral nerve, thigh, sensory; cutaneous nerve of thigh, lateral}
  • L2 nerve, ventral root; DISTRIBUTION={1 - to genitofemoral nerve, 2 - to lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh, 3 - to femoral nerve, 4 - to obturator nerve}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor}; ROOTS={genitofemoral nerve, genital branch; femoral nerve, thigh, motor; nerve to quadratus lumborum; motor nerves of back, flexors; motor nerves of back, extensors}
• L3 nerve (MA:L3 NERVE); ORIGIN={Spinal cord segment L3}; BRANCHES={dorsal - medial, lateral; ventral - 1-4 branches}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor, general sensory}
  • L3 nerve, dorsal root; DISTRIBUTION={medial - to multifidus, lateral - cutaneous branches, supply skin of gluteal region}; MODALITY={general sensory}; ROOTS={cutaneous nerve of thigh, lateral; femoral nerve, leg; cluneal nerves, superior; femoral nerve, thigh, sensory; cutaneous nerve of thigh, lateral; obturator nerve, proper; obturator nerve, accessory}
  • L3 nerve, ventral root; DISTRIBUTION={1 - to lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh, 2 - to femoral nerve, 3 - to accessory obturator nerve, 4 - to obturator nerve}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor}; ROOTS={femoral nerve, thigh, motor; obturator nerve, proper; obturator nerve, accessory; nerve to quadratus lumborum; motor nerves of back, flexors; motor nerves of back, extensors}
• L4 nerve (MA:L4 NERVE); ORIGIN={Spinal cord segment L4}; BRANCHES={dorsal - medial, lateral; ventral - 1-4 branches}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor, general sensory}
  • L4 nerve, dorsal root; DISTRIBUTION={medial - to multifidus, lateral - to erector spinae group}; MODALITY={general sensory}; ROOTS={femoral nerve, leg; common peroneal nerve; tibial nerve; gluteal nerve, superior; nerve of quadrate muscle of thigh; femoral nerve, thigh, sensory; obturator nerve, proper; obturator nerve, accessory}
  • L4 nerve, ventral root; DISTRIBUTION={1 - to femoral nerve, 2 - to lumbosacral trunk, 3 - to accessory obturator nerve, 4 - to obturator nerve}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor}; ROOTS={common peroneal nerve; tibial nerve; gluteal nerve, superior; nerve of quadrate muscle of thigh; femoral nerve, thigh, motor; obturator nerve, proper; obturator nerve, accessory; nerve to quadratus lumborum; motor nerves of back, flexors; motor nerves of back, extensors}
• L5 nerve (MA:L5 NERVE); ORIGIN={Spinal cord segment L5}; BRANCHES={dorsal - medial, lateral; ventral - 1-4 branches}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor, general sensory}
  • L5 nerve, dorsal root; DISTRIBUTION={medial - to multifidus, lateral - to erector spinae group}; MODALITY={general sensory}; ROOTS={common peroneal nerve; tibial nerve; sural nerve; gluteal nerve, superior; nerve of quadrate muscle of thigh; obturator nerve, internal}
  • L5 nerve, ventral root; DISTRIBUTION={1 - to tibial part of sciatic nerve, 2 - to common peroneal part of sciatic nerve, 3 - to superior gluteal nerve, 4 - to inferior gluteal nerve}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor}; ROOTS={common peroneal nerve; tibial nerve; sural nerve; gluteal nerve, inferior; gluteal nerve, superior; nerve of quadrate muscle of thigh; obturator nerve, internal; motor nerves of back, flexors; motor nerves of back, extensors}

SACRAL AND COCCYGEAL NERVES - ROOTS

(generated)

motor nuclei/ganglia:

sensory nuclei/ganglia:

nerves:

• CX nerve (MA:Co1 NERVE); ORIGIN={Spinal cord segment CX}; MODALITY={general sensory}
  • CX nerve, dorsal root; DISTRIBUTION={anococcygeal}; MODALITY={general sensory}; ROOTS={anococcygeal nerve; coccygeal nerve}
• S1 nerve (MA:S1 NERVE); ORIGIN={Spinal cord segment S1}; BRANCHES={dorsal - medial, lateral; ventral - 1-3}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor, general sensory}

• • S1 nerve, dorsal root; DISTRIBUTION={medial - to multifidus, lateral - cutaneous branches, supply skin of gluteal region}; MODALITY={general sensory}; ROOTS={common peroneal nerve; tibial nerve; sural nerve; gluteal nerve, superior; piriform nerve; nerve of quadrate muscle of thigh; obturator nerve, internal}
  • S1 nerve, ventral root; DISTRIBUTION={1 - common peroneal part of sciatic nerve, 2 - tibial part of sciatic nerve, 3 - posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor}; ROOTS={common peroneal nerve; tibial nerve; sural nerve; gluteal nerve, inferior; gluteal nerve, superior; piriform nerve; nerve of quadrate muscle of thigh; obturator nerve, internal; motor nerves of back, flexors; motor nerves of back, extensors}
• S2 nerve (MA:S2 NERVE); ORIGIN={Spinal cord segment S2}; BRANCHES={dorsal - medial, lateral; ventral - 1-5}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor, general sensory}
  • S2 nerve, dorsal root; DISTRIBUTION={medial - to multifidus, lateral - cutaneous branches, supply skin of gluteal region}; MODALITY={general sensory}; ROOTS={common peroneal nerve; tibial nerve; sural nerve; pudendal nerve, genitalia; piriform nerve; obturator nerve, internal}
  • S2 nerve, ventral root; DISTRIBUTION={1 - common peroneal part of sciatic nerve, 2 - tibial part of sciatic nerve, 3 - pudendal nerve, 4 - nerve to piriformis, 5 - viscera}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor}; ROOTS={common peroneal nerve; tibial nerve; sural nerve; pudendal nerve, genitalia; gluteal nerve, inferior; piriform nerve; obturator nerve, internal; motor nerves of back, flexors; motor nerves of back, extensors}
• S3 nerve (MA:S3 NERVE); ORIGIN={Spinal cord segment S3}; BRANCHES={dorsal - medial, lateral; ventral - 1-5}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor, general sensory}
  • S3 nerve, dorsal root; DISTRIBUTION={medial - to multifidus, lateral - cutaneous branches, supply skin of gluteal region}; MODALITY={general sensory}; ROOTS={tibial nerve; pudendal nerve, genitalia}
  • S3 nerve, ventral root; DISTRIBUTION={1 - visceral branch, 2 - join pudendal nerve, 3 - join perforating cutanaeous nerve, 4 - join posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh, 5 - join common peroneal part of sciatic nerve}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor}; ROOTS={tibial nerve; pudendal nerve, genitalia; motor nerves of back, flexors; motor nerves of back, extensors}
• S4 nerve (MA:S4 NERVE); ORIGIN={Spinal cord segment S4}; BRANCHES={dorsal - medial, lateral; ventral - muscular branches}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor, general sensory}
  • S4 nerve, dorsal root; DISTRIBUTION={medial - to multifidus, lateral - cutaneous branches, supply skin of gluteal region}; MODALITY={general sensory}; ROOTS={perineal nerve, rectum}
  • S4 nerve, ventral root; DISTRIBUTION={nerve to levator ani, nerve to coccygeus, nerve to external anal sphincter}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor}; ROOTS={perineal nerve, rectum; motor nerves of back, flexors; motor nerves of back, extensors}
• S5 nerve (MA:S5 NERVE); ORIGIN={Spinal cord segment S5}; BRANCHES={dorsal - medial, lateral; ventral - muscular branches}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor, general sensory}
  • S5 nerve, dorsal root; DISTRIBUTION={anococcygeal}; MODALITY={general sensory}; ROOTS={inferior rectal nerve; anococcygeal nerve}
  • S5 nerve, ventral root; DISTRIBUTION={coccygeal}; MODALITY={flexor motor, extensor motor}; ROOTS={inferior rectal nerve; motor nerves of back, flexors; motor nerves of back, extensors}