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Neocortex Research

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Biological Overview

Biological Hierarchy

Links to Common Terms

top.jpg

  • head
    • sensors
    • sensor data tract
    • sensor control tract
    • brain
  • body (spinal cord)
    • effectors
    • body feeling components
    • body feeling data tract
    • body feeling modulation tract
    • effectors control tract
    • effectors feedback tract
    • effectors feeling tract

Biological Model

Biological Module View

modules.jpg

Modules are defined as follows:

Module and allocated areas Functions Flows

Head Sensors Area (HSA)

  • Owned Functions
    • capture events from external world
    • capture static data from external world
    • expressing sensing behaviour
  • Involved in Functions
    • perceptions of various modalities
    • pay attention to selected area / overt attention
    • tracking objects / covert attention
    • saccadic perception / covert attention
  • Inbound
    • (External World) -> sensor data
    • PCA -> BSA -> low-level sensory control in perception
    • ACA -> BSA -> attention area selection
  • Outbound
    • sensory data -> BSA
    • perception control feedback -> THA -> PCA
    • attention sensor control feedback -> THA -> ACA
    • sensory state expression -> (External World)

Thalamus Area (THA)

  • diencephalon
    • thalamus
    • hypothalamus
  • limbic system
    • septal nuclei
  • Owned Functions
    • visceral control center of the body
    • relaying sensation, spatial sense and motor signals to the cerebral cortex
    • regulation of consciousness, sleep and alertness
    • control memory, attention and alertness
    • controller of theta rhythm
  • Involved in Functions
    • effector control system
    • perceptions of various modalities
    • cortical regulation of the thalamic activity
    • modulatory, life support and the sleep/wake cycle
    • attention, planning, organization
    • abstract thinking, multi-tasking and active memory
  • Relay
    • BSA -> sensor data -> PCA
    • BSA -> sensor data (lateral posterior nucleus, pulvinar) -> HCA
    • BSA -> perception (intralaminar) -> BGA
    • BSA -> cerebellum effector control feedback -> ACA
    • BSA -> body sensations -> ACA
    • BSA -> pain -> PCA
    • HCA -> alerts, (anterior/medial nuclei) -> ACA
    • BGA -> sensory data (ventral posterolateral/posteromedial nucleus) -> ACA
    • BGA -> striatum effector control feedback -> ACA
  • Reciprocal
    • PCA -> (medial nuclei) -> PCA
    • HCA -> (anterior nuclei) -> HCA
    • ACA -> (medial nuclei) -> ACA

Anterior Cortex Area (ACA)

  • frontal lobe
  • parietal lobe
    • primary somatosensory cortex
  • limbic system
    • cingulate cortex
      • anterior cingulate cortex
  • Owned Functions
    • self-consciousness / personality / identity
    • top-level complex planning / imagination
    • inhibition control
    • model of good ideal behaviour / morality
    • top-level patterned effector actions
    • cortex individual effector actions and sensor control
    • top-level error and conflict detection
    • guide task selection
    • monitor progress
    • basic sensations of the body
    • working memory
  • Involved in Functions
    • sensory integration
    • representing the affective value of reinforcers
    • decision-making
  • Inbound
    • BGA -> THA -> sensory data
    • PCA -> perception data
    • HCA -> past experience
    • HCA -> reward signals (orbitomedial PFC)
    • BSA -> THA -> body senses
    • THA -> bioregulatory responses
  • Outbound
    • current converged sensory input (pcf) -> HCA
    • motor/behavioral commands -> PCA
    • reward, feedback to bias flow along expectation -> PCA
    • motor control -> BSA
    • anti-inhibitory emotional context -> BGA
    • inhibitory emotional context -> BGA
    • guidance of movement -> BGA
    • (premotor) -> THA

Posterior Cortex Area (PCA)

  • occipital lobe
  • parietal lobe
    • superior parietal lobule
    • inferior parietal lobule
    • intraparietal sulcus
    • general interpretation area
  • limbic system
    • cingulate cortex
      • posterior cingulate cortex
  • Owned Functions
    • body sensations relationships / body image
    • opinions
    • simple specific sensor spatial primitives
    • intermediate specific sensor spatial and temporal patterns
    • object representation from specific sensor
    • episodic memory, emotion, navigation, resting
  • Involved in Functions
    • semantics
    • reading both in regards to meaning and phonology
    • guidance of limb and eye movement
  • Inbound
    • HSA -> BSA -> THA -> sensory data
    • HSA -> BSA -> THA -> sensory perception control feedback
    • HCA -> THA -> long-term memory sequences
    • BSA -> THA -> pain
    • ACA -> reward, feedback to bias flow along expectation
  • Outbound
    • sensory data -> HCA
    • associations -> THA -> ACA
    • guide saccadic perception -> BSA -> HSA
    • feelings -> ACA

Hippocampus Area (HCA)

  • temporal lobe
  • limbic system
    • hippocampus
    • fornix
  • Owned Functions
    • specific sensor perception and memory
    • working memory
    • autobiographical/declarative/episodic memories
    • formation and storing spatial declarative memory
    • encoding and recognition of scenes, spatial relations
    • detection of novel events, places and stimuli, spatial coding
    • distinguishing multiple instances of similar events, multiple visits to the same location
    • emotional and affective state
    • distinguishing stress and depression
    • assigning stimuli to categorical classes
    • habits, visceral sensations
  • Involved in Functions
    • memory consolidation
    • memory optimization in sleep
    • recognition and identification of environmental stimuli
  • Inbound
    • PCA -> primary and secondary sensory perception
    • PCA -> polymodal/associative sensory perception
    • ACA -> converged sensory input
    • BSA -> sensory input (hierarchical sensory pathway)
    • THA -> emotional stimulus
    • THA -> modulatory inputs
    • THA (septum) -> (fornix) -> initiation of hippocampal thata-rithm
  • Outbound
    • sensory association -> BGA
    • reward signals -> ACA
    • past experience -> ACA
    • mismatch signal (to raise ACh in HC to facilitate encoding) -> THA (septum)
    • match signal (to attenuate ACh in HC to facilitate retrieval) -> THA (septum)

Basal Ganglia Area (BGA)

  • limbic system
    • basal ganglia
    • amygdala
  • Owned Functions
    • starting, stopping and monitoring movement
    • inhibit unnecessary movement
    • planning and modulation of actions, regulate actions
    • reward, pleasure, addiction, fear
    • reward and incentive motivation
    • acquisition and maintenance of a new strategy
    • mediate learning about irrelevant stimuli
    • action selection
    • block slow thinking
    • quick threat assessment
    • signalling cortex of motivationally significant stimuli
  • Involved in Functions
    • learning and memory system
    • influence various types of learning
  • Inbound
    • ACA -> anti-inhibitory emotional context
    • ACA -> inhibitory emotional context
    • HCA -> sensory association
  • Outbound
    • regulation -> ACA
    • cognition -> ACA
    • instant actions -> BSA
    • sensory data (auditory, dorsal auditory pathway) -> PCA

Brain Stem Area (BSA)

  • brain stem
  • cerebellum
  • Owned Functions
    • autonomic behavior, autonomic, involuntary functions
    • integrate sensors and effectors for precise timing of actions
    • maintain wakefulness and attention
    • modulation of outbound effectors information
    • preliminary specific sensor processing
    • complex actions, sequential thinking
    • attention, coordination, precision, and accurate timing
    • inhibits neuronal maturation
  • Involved in Functions
    • control of specific sensor
    • many unconscious homeostatic and reflexive pathways
    • sensor control, effector planning
    • reward seeking, learning, and addiction
    • sleep, equilibrium, sensor control, expressing emotions
    • control actions power and coordination of multiple actions
    • control cerebellum/basal ganglia/neocortex effector actions
    • planning actions
  • Inbound
    • TBD
  • Outbound
    • TBD

Spinal Cord Area (SCA) (Body)

  • spinal cord
  • (peripheral nervous system)
  • Owned Functions
    • body feeling
    • affect general body state
    • generating proprioceptive information
    • conveys inconscient proprioceptive information
  • Involved in Functions
    • activate effectors
    • distal effector actions
  • Inbound
    • TBD
  • Outbound
    • TBD

Biological Paths


Biological Life Pictures

Operating of the mind as a whole. Mind parts.

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