Difference between revisions of "HumanNervesSpinalGenital"

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<pre style="color: green">Human Spinal Lumbosacral Nerves - Genital and Gastrointestinal</pre>
 
<pre style="color: green">Human Spinal Lumbosacral Nerves - Genital and Gastrointestinal</pre>
 
[[Home]] -> [[BiologicalLifeResearch]] -> [[HumanNerves]] -> [[HumanNervesSpinalGenital]]
 
[[Home]] -> [[BiologicalLifeResearch]] -> [[HumanNerves]] -> [[HumanNervesSpinalGenital]]
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'''nerves''':
 
'''nerves''':
 
* '''Autonomic nerves'''; MODALITY={sympathetic motor, parasympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}
 
* '''Autonomic nerves'''; MODALITY={sympathetic motor, parasympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}
−
** <img src="http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/modules/intro_autonomics_2_module/Files/symp_abdomen.jpg" alt="unavailable">
+
** <img src="http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/modules/intro_autonomics_2_module/Files/symp_abdomen.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
 
** '''splanchnic nerves'''; MODALITY={sympathetic motor, parasympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}
 
** '''splanchnic nerves'''; MODALITY={sympathetic motor, parasympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}
 
*** '''splanchnic nerves, lumbar''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/ne306.htm LUMBAR SPLANCHNIC NERVES]); ORIGIN={lumbar sympathetic trunk, L1-L3}; DISTRIBUTION={upper nerves ones go to intermesenteric and adjacent plexuses, and lower ones descend to superior hypogastric plexus; sensory - pregnancy and nociception to IML, adds to pelvic nerve}; MODALITY={sympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}
 
*** '''splanchnic nerves, lumbar''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/ne306.htm LUMBAR SPLANCHNIC NERVES]); ORIGIN={lumbar sympathetic trunk, L1-L3}; DISTRIBUTION={upper nerves ones go to intermesenteric and adjacent plexuses, and lower ones descend to superior hypogastric plexus; sensory - pregnancy and nociception to IML, adds to pelvic nerve}; MODALITY={sympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}
 
**** '''left hypogastric nerve''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/ne295.htm HYPOGASTRIC NERVE]); ORIGIN={Left hypogastric plexus (L1-L5)}; MODALITY={sympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}
 
**** '''left hypogastric nerve''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/ne295.htm HYPOGASTRIC NERVE]); ORIGIN={Left hypogastric plexus (L1-L5)}; MODALITY={sympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}
−
***** '''left hypogastric nerve, cervical'''; DISTRIBUTION={female: produces cervical mucus that changes in consistency during the menstrual cycle to prevent or promote pregnancy}; MODALITY={sympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervix Genitalia - cervix] - female - produces cervical mucus that changes in consistency during the menstrual cycle to prevent or promote pregnancy}; FIBERS={GVE:[[BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_IML|Intermediolateral Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.IML]] -> [[BrainRegionLAC_PN_SYM_IMG|Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion,LAC.PN.SYM.IMG]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]]; GVA:[[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_IMM|Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM]]}
+
***** '''left hypogastric nerve, cervical'''; DISTRIBUTION={female: produces cervical mucus that changes in consistency during the menstrual cycle to prevent or promote pregnancy}; MODALITY={sympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervix Genitalia - cervix] - female - produces cervical mucus that changes in consistency during the menstrual cycle to prevent or promote pregnancy}
−
****** <img src="http://img.webmd.com/dtmcms/live/webmd/consumer_assets/site_images/articles/image_article_collections/anatomy_pages/493x335_cervix.jpg" alt="unavailable">
+
****** <img src="http://img.webmd.com/dtmcms/live/webmd/consumer_assets/site_images/articles/image_article_collections/anatomy_pages/493x335_cervix.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
−
***** '''left hypogastric nerve, lubricate'''; DISTRIBUTION={greater vestibular (Bartholin) glands in females and the bulbourethral (Cowper) glands in males}; MODALITY={sympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bartholin%27s_gland Genitalia - bartholin gland] - secretes mucus to lubricate the vagina; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulbourethral_gland Genitalia - cowper gland] - produces a clear, salty, viscous secretion known as pre-ejaculate, homologous to Bartholin glands in females; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostate Genitalia - prostate gland] - secrete a slightly alkaline fluid, milky or white in appearance, constitutes 50-75 percents of the volume of the semen along with spermatozoa and seminal vesicle fluid; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skene%27s_gland Genitalia - skenes gland] - cause female ejaculation and G-Spot orgasms}; FIBERS={GVE:[[BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_IML|Intermediolateral Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.IML]] -> [[BrainRegionLAC_PN_SYM_IMG|Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion,LAC.PN.SYM.IMG]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]]; GVA:[[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_IMM|Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM]]}
+
****** fiber: GVE, types={B-motor}, endings={MPA-SPAV}, chain={[[BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_IML|Intermediolateral Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.IML]] -> [[BrainRegionLAC_PN_SYM_IMG|Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion,LAC.PN.SYM.IMG]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]]}
−
****** <img src="http://intranet.tdmu.edu.ua/data/kafedra/internal/histolog/classes_stud/en/med/lik/ptn/2/20%20Male%20reproductive%20system.%20Female%20reproductive%20system.files/image001.jpg" alt="unavailable">
+
****** fiber: GVA, types={A-delta-sensory}, endings={SAD}, chain={[[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_IMM|Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM]]}
−
***** '''left hypogastric nerve, prostatic'''; DISTRIBUTION={male: emission is the result of peristaltic contractions of the ampullary portion of the vas deferens, the seminal vesicles, and the prostatic smooth muscles}; MODALITY={sympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostate Genitalia - vas deferens] - male - emission (prior to ejaculation), contracts, propelling sperm forward}; FIBERS={GVE:[[BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_IML|Intermediolateral Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.IML]] -> [[BrainRegionLAC_PN_SYM_IMG|Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion,LAC.PN.SYM.IMG]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]]; GVA:[[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_IMM|Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM]]}
+
***** '''left hypogastric nerve, lubricate'''; DISTRIBUTION={greater vestibular (Bartholin) glands in females and the bulbourethral (Cowper) glands in males}; MODALITY={sympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bartholin%27s_gland Genitalia - bartholin gland] - secretes mucus to lubricate the vagina; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulbourethral_gland Genitalia - cowper gland] - produces a clear, salty, viscous secretion known as pre-ejaculate, homologous to Bartholin glands in females; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostate Genitalia - prostate gland] - secrete a slightly alkaline fluid, milky or white in appearance, constitutes 50-75 percents of the volume of the semen along with spermatozoa and seminal vesicle fluid; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skene%27s_gland Genitalia - skenes gland] - cause female ejaculation and G-Spot orgasms}
−
****** <img src="http://www.scielo.br/img/revistas/aabc/v82n2/15f01.gif" alt="unavailable">
+
****** <img src="http://intranet.tdmu.edu.ua/data/kafedra/internal/histolog/classes_stud/en/med/lik/ptn/2/20%20Male%20reproductive%20system.%20Female%20reproductive%20system.files/image001.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
−
***** '''left hypogastric nerve, ureteric''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/ne327.htm URETERIC PLEXUS]; MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/ne329.htm UTERINE NERVES]); DISTRIBUTION={ureteric smooth muscles}; MODALITY={sympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detrusor_urinae_muscle Ureter - detrusor urinae muscle, sympathetic] - sympathetic relaxes, to store urine; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_sphincter_muscle_of_urethra Ureter - internal sphincter muscle of urethra, sympathetic] - sympathetic contracts the muscle}; FIBERS={GVE:[[BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_IML|Intermediolateral Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.IML]] -> [[BrainRegionLAC_PN_SYM_IMG|Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion,LAC.PN.SYM.IMG]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_URETER|Ureter,TARGET.TEA.URETER]]; GVA:[[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_URETER|Ureter,TARGET.TEA.URETER]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_IMM|Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM]]}
+
****** fiber: GVE, types={B-motor}, endings={MPA-SPAV}, chain={[[BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_IML|Intermediolateral Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.IML]] -> [[BrainRegionLAC_PN_SYM_IMG|Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion,LAC.PN.SYM.IMG]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]]}
−
****** <img src="http://classes.midlandstech.edu/carterp/Courses/bio211/chap25/Slide25.GIF" alt="unavailable">
+
****** fiber: GVA, types={A-delta-sensory}, endings={SAD}, chain={[[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_IMM|Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM]]}
−
***** '''left hypogastric nerve, uterovaginal''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/ne330.htm UTEROVAGINAL PLEXUS]; Plexus of Frankenhauser); DISTRIBUTION={walls of the vagina, uterus}; MODALITY={sympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uterus Genitalia - uterus, sympathetic contractors] - female - contraction of smooth muscles of myometrium, decreased blood flow, loss of erection; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vagina Genitalia - vagina, sympathetic vasoconstrictors] - female - vasoconstriction of fibromuscular tube, loss of erection}; FIBERS={GVE:[[BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_IML|Intermediolateral Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.IML]] -> [[BrainRegionLAC_PN_SYM_IMG|Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion,LAC.PN.SYM.IMG]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]]; GVA:[[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_IMM|Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM]]}
+
***** '''left hypogastric nerve, prostatic'''; DISTRIBUTION={male: emission is the result of peristaltic contractions of the ampullary portion of the vas deferens, the seminal vesicles, and the prostatic smooth muscles}; MODALITY={sympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostate Genitalia - vas deferens] - male - emission (prior to ejaculation), contracts, propelling sperm forward}
−
****** <img src="http://a248.e.akamai.net/7/248/432/20110621154233/www.msdlatinamerica.com/ebooks/RockwoodGreensFracturesinAdults/files/abfda5814b7fbef31f3633fc3ce85a6c.gif" alt="unavailable">
+
****** <img src="http://www.scielo.br/img/revistas/aabc/v82n2/15f01.gif" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
−
**** '''right hypogastric nerve''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/ne295.htm HYPOGASTRIC NERVE]); ORIGIN={Right hypogastric plexus (L1-L5)}; DISTRIBUTION={smooth internal anal sphincter muscle}; MODALITY={sympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sphincter_ani_internus_muscle Rectum - sphincter ani internus muscle, sympathetic] - stimulate and maintain internal anal sphincter contraction}; FIBERS={GVE:[[BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_IML|Intermediolateral Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.IML]] -> [[BrainRegionLAC_PN_SYM_IMG|Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion,LAC.PN.SYM.IMG]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_RECTUM|Rectum,TARGET.TEA.RECTUM]]; GVA:[[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_RECTUM|Rectum,TARGET.TEA.RECTUM]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_IMM|Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM]]}
+
****** fiber: GVE, types={B-motor}, endings={MPA-SPAV}, chain={[[BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_IML|Intermediolateral Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.IML]] -> [[BrainRegionLAC_PN_SYM_IMG|Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion,LAC.PN.SYM.IMG]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]]}
−
***** <img src="http://www.zuniv.net/physiology/book/images/22-5.jpg" alt="unavailable">
+
****** fiber: GVA, types={A-delta-sensory}, endings={SAD}, chain={[[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_IMM|Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM]]}
 +
***** '''left hypogastric nerve, ureteric''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/ne327.htm URETERIC PLEXUS]; MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/ne329.htm UTERINE NERVES]); DISTRIBUTION={ureteric smooth muscles}; MODALITY={sympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detrusor_urinae_muscle Ureter - detrusor urinae muscle, sympathetic] - sympathetic relaxes, to store urine; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_sphincter_muscle_of_urethra Ureter - internal sphincter muscle of urethra, sympathetic] - sympathetic contracts the muscle}
 +
****** <img src="http://classes.midlandstech.edu/carterp/Courses/bio211/chap25/Slide25.GIF" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
 +
****** fiber: GVE, types={B-motor}, endings={MPA-SPAV}, chain={[[BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_IML|Intermediolateral Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.IML]] -> [[BrainRegionLAC_PN_SYM_IMG|Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion,LAC.PN.SYM.IMG]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_URETER|Ureter,TARGET.TEA.URETER]]}
 +
****** fiber: GVA, types={A-delta-sensory}, endings={SAD}, chain={[[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_URETER|Ureter,TARGET.TEA.URETER]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_IMM|Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM]]}
 +
***** '''left hypogastric nerve, uterovaginal''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/ne330.htm UTEROVAGINAL PLEXUS]; Plexus of Frankenhauser); DISTRIBUTION={walls of the vagina, uterus}; MODALITY={sympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uterus Genitalia - uterus, sympathetic contractors] - female - contraction of smooth muscles of myometrium, decreased blood flow, loss of erection; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vagina Genitalia - vagina, sympathetic vasoconstrictors] - female - vasoconstriction of fibromuscular tube, loss of erection}
 +
****** <img src="http://a248.e.akamai.net/7/248/432/20110621154233/www.msdlatinamerica.com/ebooks/RockwoodGreensFracturesinAdults/files/abfda5814b7fbef31f3633fc3ce85a6c.gif" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
 +
****** fiber: GVE, types={B-motor}, endings={MPA-SPAV}, chain={[[BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_IML|Intermediolateral Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.IML]] -> [[BrainRegionLAC_PN_SYM_IMG|Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion,LAC.PN.SYM.IMG]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]]}
 +
****** fiber: GVA, types={A-delta-sensory}, endings={SAD}, chain={[[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_IMM|Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM]]}
 +
**** '''right hypogastric nerve''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/ne295.htm HYPOGASTRIC NERVE]); ORIGIN={Right hypogastric plexus (L1-L5)}; DISTRIBUTION={smooth internal anal sphincter muscle}; MODALITY={sympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sphincter_ani_internus_muscle Rectum - sphincter ani internus muscle, sympathetic] - stimulate and maintain internal anal sphincter contraction}
 +
***** <img src="http://www.zuniv.net/physiology/book/images/22-5.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
 +
***** fiber: GVE, types={B-motor}, endings={MPA-SPAV}, chain={[[BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_IML|Intermediolateral Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.IML]] -> [[BrainRegionLAC_PN_SYM_IMG|Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion,LAC.PN.SYM.IMG]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_RECTUM|Rectum,TARGET.TEA.RECTUM]]}
 +
***** fiber: GVA, types={A-delta-sensory}, endings={SAD}, chain={[[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_RECTUM|Rectum,TARGET.TEA.RECTUM]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_IMM|Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM]]}
 
*** '''splanchnic nerves, pelvic''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/ne102.htm PELVIC SPLANCHNIC NERVES]); ORIGIN={sacral PLEXUS S2-S4}; BRANCHES={to penis/clitoris/vagina, to other pelvic structures (urinary bladder, rectum, anus, sigmoid and descending colon, terminal transverse colon, uterus and uterine tubes)}; DISTRIBUTION={leaving sacral plexus, they enter inferior hypogastric plexus and supply pelvic organs; mating and conception}; MODALITY={parasympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}
 
*** '''splanchnic nerves, pelvic''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/ne102.htm PELVIC SPLANCHNIC NERVES]); ORIGIN={sacral PLEXUS S2-S4}; BRANCHES={to penis/clitoris/vagina, to other pelvic structures (urinary bladder, rectum, anus, sigmoid and descending colon, terminal transverse colon, uterus and uterine tubes)}; DISTRIBUTION={leaving sacral plexus, they enter inferior hypogastric plexus and supply pelvic organs; mating and conception}; MODALITY={parasympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}
−
**** '''splanchnic nerves, pelvic, nipple'''; DISTRIBUTION={breast, smooth muscles of the nipple}; MODALITY={parasympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nipple Breast - nipple smooth muscles] - female - erection of nipples due to contraction of smooth muscle}; FIBERS={GVE:[[BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_SPS|Sacral Parasympathetic Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.SPS]] -> [[BrainRegionLAC_PN_PSYM_PPG|Pelvic Peripheral Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.PPG]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_BREAST|Breast,TARGET.TEA.BREAST]]; GVA:[[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_BREAST|Breast,TARGET.TEA.BREAST]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_UDRG|Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_IMM|Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM]]}
+
**** '''splanchnic nerves, pelvic, nipple'''; DISTRIBUTION={breast, smooth muscles of the nipple}; MODALITY={parasympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nipple Breast - nipple smooth muscles] - female - erection of nipples due to contraction of smooth muscle}
−
***** <img src="http://www.fairbanksplasticsurgery.com/static/uploaded/nipple_deformities_small.png" alt="unavailable">
+
***** <img src="http://www.fairbanksplasticsurgery.com/static/uploaded/nipple_deformities_small.png" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
−
**** '''splanchnic nerves, pelvic, to penis/clitoris'''; MODALITY={parasympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}; FIBERS={GVE:[[BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_SPS|Sacral Parasympathetic Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.SPS]] -> [[BrainRegionLAC_PN_PSYM_PPG|Pelvic Peripheral Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.PPG]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]]; GVA:[[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_IMM|Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM]]}
+
***** fiber: GVE, types={B-motor}, endings={MPA-PC}, chain={[[BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_SPS|Sacral Parasympathetic Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.SPS]] -> [[BrainRegionLAC_PN_PSYM_PPG|Pelvic Peripheral Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.PPG]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_BREAST|Breast,TARGET.TEA.BREAST]]}
 +
***** fiber: GVA, types={A-delta-sensory}, endings={SAD}, chain={[[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_BREAST|Breast,TARGET.TEA.BREAST]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_UDRG|Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_IMM|Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM]]}
 +
**** '''splanchnic nerves, pelvic, to penis/clitoris'''; MODALITY={parasympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}
 +
***** fiber: GVE, types={B-motor}, endings={MPA-PC}, chain={[[BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_SPS|Sacral Parasympathetic Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.SPS]] -> [[BrainRegionLAC_PN_PSYM_PPG|Pelvic Peripheral Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.PPG]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]]}
 +
***** fiber: GVA, types={A-delta-sensory}, endings={SAD}, chain={[[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_IMM|Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM]]}
 
***** '''cavernous nerves of clitoris'''; ORIGIN={uterovaginal PLEXUS, pelvic splanchnic nerve}; DISTRIBUTION={erectile tissue of clitoris}; MODALITY={parasympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corpus_cavernosum_clitoridis Genitalia - corpus cavernosum clitoridis] - clitoral erection; simultaneously the ischiocavernosus and bulbospongiosus muscles compress the veins of the corpora cavernosa restricting the egress and circulation of this blood}
 
***** '''cavernous nerves of clitoris'''; ORIGIN={uterovaginal PLEXUS, pelvic splanchnic nerve}; DISTRIBUTION={erectile tissue of clitoris}; MODALITY={parasympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corpus_cavernosum_clitoridis Genitalia - corpus cavernosum clitoridis] - clitoral erection; simultaneously the ischiocavernosus and bulbospongiosus muscles compress the veins of the corpora cavernosa restricting the egress and circulation of this blood}
−
****** <img src="http://o.quizlet.com/i/j3m42JLaeiZME1E0EkVVHA.jpg" alt="unavailable">
+
****** <img src="http://o.quizlet.com/i/j3m42JLaeiZME1E0EkVVHA.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
 
***** '''cavernous nerves of penis'''; ORIGIN={prostatic PLEXUS, pelvic splanchnic nerve}; DISTRIBUTION={erectile tissue of penis}; MODALITY={parasympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corpus_cavernosum_penis Genitalia - corpus cavernosum penis] - penile erection; simultaneously the ischiocavernosus and bulbospongiosus muscles compress the veins of the corpora cavernosa restricting the egress and circulation of this blood}
 
***** '''cavernous nerves of penis'''; ORIGIN={prostatic PLEXUS, pelvic splanchnic nerve}; DISTRIBUTION={erectile tissue of penis}; MODALITY={parasympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corpus_cavernosum_penis Genitalia - corpus cavernosum penis] - penile erection; simultaneously the ischiocavernosus and bulbospongiosus muscles compress the veins of the corpora cavernosa restricting the egress and circulation of this blood}
−
****** <img src="http://urology.jhu.edu/prostate/img/erectyle_dysfunction.jpg" alt="unavailable">
+
****** <img src="http://urology.jhu.edu/prostate/img/erectyle_dysfunction.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
−
**** '''splanchnic nerves, pelvic, to rectum'''; ORIGIN={mesenteric plexus, inferior}; DISTRIBUTION={rectum, anus}; MODALITY={parasympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sphincter_ani_internus_muscle Rectum - sphincter ani internus muscle, parasympathetic] - keep the anal canal and anus closed, aids in the expulsion of the feces, inhibit contraction}; FIBERS={GVE:[[BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_SPS|Sacral Parasympathetic Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.SPS]] -> [[BrainRegionLAC_PN_PSYM_PPG|Pelvic Peripheral Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.PPG]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_RECTUM|Rectum,TARGET.TEA.RECTUM]]; GVA:[[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_RECTUM|Rectum,TARGET.TEA.RECTUM]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_IMM|Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM]]}
+
**** '''splanchnic nerves, pelvic, to rectum'''; ORIGIN={mesenteric plexus, inferior}; DISTRIBUTION={rectum, anus}; MODALITY={parasympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sphincter_ani_internus_muscle Rectum - sphincter ani internus muscle, parasympathetic] - keep the anal canal and anus closed, aids in the expulsion of the feces, inhibit contraction}
−
***** <img src="http://www.dartmouth.edu/~humananatomy/figures/chapter_36/36-2_files/image002.jpg" alt="unavailable">
+
***** <img src="http://www.dartmouth.edu/~humananatomy/figures/chapter_36/36-2_files/image002.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
−
**** '''splanchnic nerves, pelvic, to stomach'''; ORIGIN={Auerbach's plexus, Meissner's plexus}; DISTRIBUTION={terminal transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon}; MODALITY={parasympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intestinal_gland Stomach - mucosal gastric glands] - acetylcholine activates muscarinic receptors cause an increase in gastric juice secretion; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscularis_mucosae Stomach - outer longitudinal and inner circular smooth muscles] - keep the mucosal surface and underlying glands in a constant state of gentle agitation to expel contents of glandular crypts and enhance contact between epithelium and the contents of the lumen}; FIBERS={GVE:[[BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_SPS|Sacral Parasympathetic Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.SPS]] -> [[BrainRegionLAC_PN_PSYM_PPG|Pelvic Peripheral Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.PPG]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_STOMACH|Stomach,TARGET.TEA.STOMACH]]; GVA:[[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_STOMACH|Stomach,TARGET.TEA.STOMACH]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_IMM|Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM]]}
+
***** fiber: GVE, types={B-motor}, endings={MPA-PC}, chain={[[BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_SPS|Sacral Parasympathetic Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.SPS]] -> [[BrainRegionLAC_PN_PSYM_PPG|Pelvic Peripheral Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.PPG]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_RECTUM|Rectum,TARGET.TEA.RECTUM]]}
−
***** <img src="http://classroom.sdmesa.edu/eschmid/F11.03.L.150.jpg" alt="unavailable" height=600>
+
***** fiber: GVA, types={A-delta-sensory}, endings={SAD}, chain={[[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_RECTUM|Rectum,TARGET.TEA.RECTUM]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_IMM|Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM]]}
−
**** '''splanchnic nerves, pelvic, to urinary bladder'''; ORIGIN={hypogastric plexus}; DISTRIBUTION={urinary bladder, uterus and uterine tubes; preganglionic axons exit from the ventral roots, travel in the pelvic nerves, pass through the hypogastric plexus, and synapse on postganglionic neurons located in the wall of the urinary bladder}; MODALITY={parasympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detrusor_urinae_muscle Ureter - detrusor urinae muscle, parasympathetic] - parasympathetic contracts, to urinate; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_sphincter_muscle_of_urethra Ureter - internal sphincter muscle of urethra, parasympathetic] - parasympathetic relaxes the muscle}; FIBERS={GVE:[[BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_SPS|Sacral Parasympathetic Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.SPS]] -> [[BrainRegionLAC_PN_PSYM_PPG|Pelvic Peripheral Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.PPG]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_URETER|Ureter,TARGET.TEA.URETER]]; GVA:[[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_URETER|Ureter,TARGET.TEA.URETER]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_IMM|Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM]]}
+
**** '''splanchnic nerves, pelvic, to stomach'''; ORIGIN={Auerbach's plexus, Meissner's plexus}; DISTRIBUTION={terminal transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon}; MODALITY={parasympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intestinal_gland Stomach - mucosal gastric glands] - acetylcholine activates muscarinic receptors cause an increase in gastric juice secretion; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscularis_mucosae Stomach - outer longitudinal and inner circular smooth muscles] - keep the mucosal surface and underlying glands in a constant state of gentle agitation to expel contents of glandular crypts and enhance contact between epithelium and the contents of the lumen}
−
***** <img src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-LqINgObPWSs/TkoSQl4QKEI/AAAAAAAAACE/qNVYq5G5rho/s400/urinary+bladder.png" alt="unavailable">
+
***** <img src="http://classroom.sdmesa.edu/eschmid/F11.03.L.150.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;" height=600>
−
**** '''splanchnic nerves, pelvic, uterovaginal'''; ORIGIN={uterovaginal plexus}; DISTRIBUTION={uterus, vagina}; MODALITY={parasympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uterus Genitalia - parasympathetic uterus vasodilators] - female - contraction of smooth muscles of myometrium, increased blood flow; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vagina Genitalia - parasympathetic vaginal vasodilators] - female - contraction of smooth muscles of myometrium, increased blood flow}; FIBERS={GVE:[[BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_SPS|Sacral Parasympathetic Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.SPS]] -> [[BrainRegionLAC_PN_PSYM_PPG|Pelvic Peripheral Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.PPG]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]]; GVA:[[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_IMM|Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM]]}
+
***** fiber: GVE, types={B-motor}, endings={MPA-PC}, chain={[[BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_SPS|Sacral Parasympathetic Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.SPS]] -> [[BrainRegionLAC_PN_PSYM_PPG|Pelvic Peripheral Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.PPG]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_STOMACH|Stomach,TARGET.TEA.STOMACH]]}
−
***** <img src="http://web.uni-plovdiv.bg/stu1104541018/docs/res/skandalakis%27%20surgical%20anatomy%20-%202004/Chapter%2026_%20Female%20Genital%20System_fichiers/loadBinaryCAVZVP3B.jpg" alt="unavailable" height=600>
+
***** fiber: GVA, types={A-delta-sensory}, endings={SAD}, chain={[[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_STOMACH|Stomach,TARGET.TEA.STOMACH]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_IMM|Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM]]}
−
* '''Genitalia nerves, somatic'''; MODALITY={general sensory, flexor motor, sympathetic motor}; FIBERS={GSA:[[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_LMG|Lower Marginal Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.LMG]]; GSA:[[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_LSG|Lower Substantia Gelatinosa,LPC.SC.PH.LSG]]}
+
**** '''splanchnic nerves, pelvic, to urinary bladder'''; ORIGIN={hypogastric plexus}; DISTRIBUTION={urinary bladder, uterus and uterine tubes; preganglionic axons exit from the ventral roots, travel in the pelvic nerves, pass through the hypogastric plexus, and synapse on postganglionic neurons located in the wall of the urinary bladder}; MODALITY={parasympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detrusor_urinae_muscle Ureter - detrusor urinae muscle, parasympathetic] - parasympathetic contracts, to urinate; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_sphincter_muscle_of_urethra Ureter - internal sphincter muscle of urethra, parasympathetic] - parasympathetic relaxes the muscle}
−
** '''genitofemoral nerve, genital''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/Ne71.htm GENITOFEMORAL NERVE]); ORIGIN={lumbar PLEXUS (L1-L2)}; BRANCHES={genital}; DISTRIBUTION={cremaster muscle, skin of scrotum or labium majus}; MODALITY={general sensory, flexor motor, sympathetic motor}; FIBERS={GSE:[[BrainRegionLPC_SC_VH_ONF|Onuf's Nucleus,LPC.SC.VH.ONF]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]]}
+
***** <img src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-LqINgObPWSs/TkoSQl4QKEI/AAAAAAAAACE/qNVYq5G5rho/s400/urinary+bladder.png" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
−
*** '''genitofemoral nerve, genital branch''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/Ne207.htm GENITAL BRANCH OF GENITOFEMORAL NERVE]); ORIGIN={genitofemoral nerve (L1-L2)}; DISTRIBUTION={muscular branches to cremaster muscle (male only, raise and lower testes in order to regulate temperature of testes and promote spermatogenesis); cutaneous branches to skin of scrotum/male and labium majus/female, mons pubis/female}; MODALITY={general sensory, flexor motor, sympathetic motor}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cremaster_muscle Genitalia - cremaster muscle] - raise and lower the scrotum, acts quickly, it is a reflex}; FIBERS={GVE:[[BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_IML|Intermediolateral Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.IML]] -> [[BrainRegionLAC_PN_SYM_IMG|Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion,LAC.PN.SYM.IMG]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]]}
+
***** fiber: GVE, types={B-motor}, endings={MPA-PC}, chain={[[BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_SPS|Sacral Parasympathetic Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.SPS]] -> [[BrainRegionLAC_PN_PSYM_PPG|Pelvic Peripheral Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.PPG]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_URETER|Ureter,TARGET.TEA.URETER]]}
−
**** <img src="http://usvn.ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/wiki/research/biomodel/genitofemoral-female.png" alt="unavailable">
+
***** fiber: GVA, types={A-delta-sensory}, endings={SAD}, chain={[[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_URETER|Ureter,TARGET.TEA.URETER]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_IMM|Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM]]}
 +
**** '''splanchnic nerves, pelvic, uterovaginal'''; ORIGIN={uterovaginal plexus}; DISTRIBUTION={uterus, vagina}; MODALITY={parasympathetic motor, autonomic sensory}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uterus Genitalia - parasympathetic uterus vasodilators] - female - contraction of smooth muscles of myometrium, increased blood flow; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vagina Genitalia - parasympathetic vaginal vasodilators] - female - contraction of smooth muscles of myometrium, increased blood flow}
 +
***** <img src="http://web.uni-plovdiv.bg/stu1104541018/docs/res/skandalakis%27%20surgical%20anatomy%20-%202004/Chapter%2026_%20Female%20Genital%20System_fichiers/loadBinaryCAVZVP3B.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;" height=600>
 +
***** fiber: GVE, types={B-motor}, endings={MPA-PC}, chain={[[BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_SPS|Sacral Parasympathetic Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.SPS]] -> [[BrainRegionLAC_PN_PSYM_PPG|Pelvic Peripheral Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.PPG]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]]}
 +
***** fiber: GVA, types={A-delta-sensory}, endings={SAD}, chain={[[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_IMM|Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM]]}
 +
* '''Genitalia nerves, somatic'''; MODALITY={general sensory, flexor motor, sympathetic motor}
 +
** fiber: GSA, types={A-delta-sensory}, endings={SAD}, chain={[[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_LMG|Lower Marginal Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.LMG]]}
 +
** fiber: GSA, types={C-sensory}, endings={SFN}, chain={[[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_LSG|Lower Substantia Gelatinosa,LPC.SC.PH.LSG]]}
 +
** fiber: GSA, types={A-beta-sensory}, endings={SMECH}, chain={[[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_HL_GR|Gracile Nucleus,LPC.HL.GR]] -> [[BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_VPL|Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPL]]}
 +
** '''genitofemoral nerve, genital''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/Ne71.htm GENITOFEMORAL NERVE]); ORIGIN={lumbar PLEXUS (L1-L2)}; BRANCHES={genital}; DISTRIBUTION={cremaster muscle, skin of scrotum or labium majus}; MODALITY={general sensory, flexor motor, sympathetic motor}
 +
*** fiber: GSE, types={A-alpha-Ia-motor}, endings={MA}, chain={[[BrainRegionLPC_SC_VH_ONF|Onuf's Nucleus,LPC.SC.VH.ONF]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]]}
 +
*** '''genitofemoral nerve, genital branch''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/Ne207.htm GENITAL BRANCH OF GENITOFEMORAL NERVE]); ORIGIN={genitofemoral nerve (L1-L2)}; DISTRIBUTION={muscular branches to cremaster muscle (male only, raise and lower testes in order to regulate temperature of testes and promote spermatogenesis); cutaneous branches to skin of scrotum/male and labium majus/female, mons pubis/female}; MODALITY={general sensory, flexor motor, sympathetic motor}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cremaster_muscle Genitalia - cremaster muscle] - raise and lower the scrotum, acts quickly, it is a reflex}
 +
**** <img src="http://usvn.ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/wiki/research/biomodel/genitofemoral-female.png" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
 +
**** fiber: GVE, types={B-motor}, endings={MPA-SPAV}, chain={[[BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_IML|Intermediolateral Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.IML]] -> [[BrainRegionLAC_PN_SYM_IMG|Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion,LAC.PN.SYM.IMG]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]]}
 
** '''iliohypogastric nerve''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/Ne42.htm ILIOHYPOGASTRIC NERVE]); ORIGIN={lumbar PLEXUS L1 (sometimes T12)}; BRANCHES={lateral and anterior cutaneous branches}; DISTRIBUTION={skin above the pubis and over the lateral side of the buttock, and occasionally the pyramidal muscle}; MODALITY={general sensory}
 
** '''iliohypogastric nerve''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/Ne42.htm ILIOHYPOGASTRIC NERVE]); ORIGIN={lumbar PLEXUS L1 (sometimes T12)}; BRANCHES={lateral and anterior cutaneous branches}; DISTRIBUTION={skin above the pubis and over the lateral side of the buttock, and occasionally the pyramidal muscle}; MODALITY={general sensory}
−
*** <img src="http://usvn.ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/wiki/research/biomodel/iliohypogastric-nerve.png" alt="unavailable">
+
*** <img src="http://usvn.ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/wiki/research/biomodel/iliohypogastric-nerve.png" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
 
** '''ilioinguinal nerve''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/Ne41.htm ILIOINGUINAL NERVE]); ORIGIN={lumbar PLEXUS L1 (sometimes T12); accompanies the spermatic cord through the inguinal canal}; BRANCHES={anterior scrotal or labial branches}; DISTRIBUTION={skin of scrotum or labia majora, and adjacent part of thigh}; MODALITY={general sensory}
 
** '''ilioinguinal nerve''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/Ne41.htm ILIOINGUINAL NERVE]); ORIGIN={lumbar PLEXUS L1 (sometimes T12); accompanies the spermatic cord through the inguinal canal}; BRANCHES={anterior scrotal or labial branches}; DISTRIBUTION={skin of scrotum or labia majora, and adjacent part of thigh}; MODALITY={general sensory}
 
*** '''labial nerves, anterior'''; ORIGIN={female, ilioinguinal nerve}; DISTRIBUTION={skin of anterior labial region of labia majora, and adjacent part of thigh}; MODALITY={general sensory}
 
*** '''labial nerves, anterior'''; ORIGIN={female, ilioinguinal nerve}; DISTRIBUTION={skin of anterior labial region of labia majora, and adjacent part of thigh}; MODALITY={general sensory}
−
**** <img src="http://o.quizlet.com/AwDDMOPDtSxffTWsxERtEA_m.png" alt="unavailable">
+
**** <img src="http://o.quizlet.com/AwDDMOPDtSxffTWsxERtEA_m.png" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
 
*** '''scrotal nerves, anterior'''; ORIGIN={male, ilioinguinal nerve}; DISTRIBUTION={skin of anterior scrotal region}; MODALITY={general sensory}
 
*** '''scrotal nerves, anterior'''; ORIGIN={male, ilioinguinal nerve}; DISTRIBUTION={skin of anterior scrotal region}; MODALITY={general sensory}
−
**** <img src="http://www.aafp.org/afp/2001/1015/afp20011015p1405-f7.jpg" alt="unavailable">
+
**** <img src="http://www.aafp.org/afp/2001/1015/afp20011015p1405-f7.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
 
** '''pudendal nerve, genitalia''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/Ne96.htm PUDENDAL NERVE]); ORIGIN={sacral PLEXUS (S2-S4)}; BRANCHES={enters pudendal canal, gives off inferior anal nerve, and then divides into perineal nerve and dorsal nerve of penis (clitoris)}; DISTRIBUTION={muscles, skin, and erectile tissue of perineum}; MODALITY={general sensory, flexor motor, sympathetic motor}
 
** '''pudendal nerve, genitalia''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/Ne96.htm PUDENDAL NERVE]); ORIGIN={sacral PLEXUS (S2-S4)}; BRANCHES={enters pudendal canal, gives off inferior anal nerve, and then divides into perineal nerve and dorsal nerve of penis (clitoris)}; DISTRIBUTION={muscles, skin, and erectile tissue of perineum}; MODALITY={general sensory, flexor motor, sympathetic motor}
−
*** '''dorsal nerve of clitoris/penis'''; DISTRIBUTION={deep transverse muscle of perineum, sphincter muscle of urethra, corpus cavernosum of clitoris, and skin, prepuce, and glans of clitoris}; MODALITY={general sensory, flexor motor}; FIBERS={GSE:[[BrainRegionLPC_SC_VH_ONF|Onuf's Nucleus,LPC.SC.VH.ONF]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]]}
+
*** '''dorsal nerve of clitoris/penis'''; DISTRIBUTION={deep transverse muscle of perineum, sphincter muscle of urethra, corpus cavernosum of clitoris, and skin, prepuce, and glans of clitoris}; MODALITY={general sensory, flexor motor}
 +
**** fiber: GSE, types={A-alpha-Ia-motor}, endings={MA}, chain={[[BrainRegionLPC_SC_VH_ONF|Onuf's Nucleus,LPC.SC.VH.ONF]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]]}
 
**** '''dorsal nerve of clitoris''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/Ne101.htm DORSAL NERVE OF PENIS OR CLITORIS]); ORIGIN={pudendal nerve}; MODALITY={general sensory, flexor motor}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transversus_perinei_profundus_muscle Genitalia - deep transverse perineal muscle, clitoris] - fixation of central tendon of perineum, support of pelvic floor, expulsion of semen in males and last drops of urine in both sexes}
 
**** '''dorsal nerve of clitoris''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/Ne101.htm DORSAL NERVE OF PENIS OR CLITORIS]); ORIGIN={pudendal nerve}; MODALITY={general sensory, flexor motor}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transversus_perinei_profundus_muscle Genitalia - deep transverse perineal muscle, clitoris] - fixation of central tendon of perineum, support of pelvic floor, expulsion of semen in males and last drops of urine in both sexes}
−
***** <img src="http://www.drwhan.com/images/bsp003.jpg" alt="unavailable">
+
***** <img src="http://www.drwhan.com/images/bsp003.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
 
**** '''dorsal nerve of penis''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/Ne101.htm DORSAL NERVE OF PENIS OR CLITORIS]); ORIGIN={pudendal nerve}; MODALITY={general sensory, flexor motor}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transversus_perinei_profundus_muscle Genitalia - deep transverse perineal muscle, penis] - fixation of central tendon of perineum, support of pelvic floor, expulsion of semen in males and last drops of urine in both sexes}
 
**** '''dorsal nerve of penis''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/Ne101.htm DORSAL NERVE OF PENIS OR CLITORIS]); ORIGIN={pudendal nerve}; MODALITY={general sensory, flexor motor}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transversus_perinei_profundus_muscle Genitalia - deep transverse perineal muscle, penis] - fixation of central tendon of perineum, support of pelvic floor, expulsion of semen in males and last drops of urine in both sexes}
−
***** <img src="http://esph.co.uk/assets/images/Blog/Pudendal_nerve.svg.png" alt="unavailable">
+
***** <img src="http://esph.co.uk/assets/images/Blog/Pudendal_nerve.svg.png" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
 
*** '''nerve to urethral bulb''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/Ne100.htm NERVE TO URETHRAL BULB]); ORIGIN={Pudendal nerve/nerve to bulbospongiosus}; BRANCHES={mucosal and cutaneous/visceral}; DISTRIBUTION={male/bulb of penis, female/clitoral bulbs - erectile tissue}; MODALITY={general sensory}
 
*** '''nerve to urethral bulb''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/Ne100.htm NERVE TO URETHRAL BULB]); ORIGIN={Pudendal nerve/nerve to bulbospongiosus}; BRANCHES={mucosal and cutaneous/visceral}; DISTRIBUTION={male/bulb of penis, female/clitoral bulbs - erectile tissue}; MODALITY={general sensory}
−
**** <img src="http://home.comcast.net/~wnor/maleugtrianglesection.jpg" alt="unavailable">
+
**** <img src="http://home.comcast.net/~wnor/maleugtrianglesection.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
 
*** '''perineal nerve, genitalia''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/perinealS4.htm PERINEAL BRANCH OF S4]; MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/Ne98.htm PERINEAL NERVE]); ORIGIN={pudendal nerve}; BRANCHES={muscular branches and posterior scrotal or labial nerves}; DISTRIBUTION={muscular branches supply bulbocavernous, ischiocavernous, bulb of the penis; scrotal (labial) nerves supply scrotum or labium majus}; MODALITY={general sensory, flexor motor, sympathetic motor}
 
*** '''perineal nerve, genitalia''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/perinealS4.htm PERINEAL BRANCH OF S4]; MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/Ne98.htm PERINEAL NERVE]); ORIGIN={pudendal nerve}; BRANCHES={muscular branches and posterior scrotal or labial nerves}; DISTRIBUTION={muscular branches supply bulbocavernous, ischiocavernous, bulb of the penis; scrotal (labial) nerves supply scrotum or labium majus}; MODALITY={general sensory, flexor motor, sympathetic motor}
−
**** '''perineal nerve, deep branch''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/posteriorlabial.htm POSTERIOR LABIAL NERVES]); ORIGIN={pudendal nerve}; DISTRIBUTION={muscles of the perineum - bulbospongiosus, ischiocavernosus, sphincter urethrae}; MODALITY={general sensory, flexor motor}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulbospongiosus_muscle Genitalia - bulbospongiosus muscle] - in males, empties the urethra; in females, clenches the vagina; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ischiocavernosus_muscle Genitalia - ischiocavernosus muscle] - stabilize the erect penis or (in females) tense the vagina during orgasm; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/External_sphincter_muscle_of_female_urethra Ureter - external sphincter muscle of female urethra] - control urination, constricts urethra, maintain urinary continence; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/External_sphincter_muscle_of_male_urethra Ureter - external sphincter muscle of male urethra] - control urination, constricts urethra, maintain urinary continence}; FIBERS={GSE:[[BrainRegionLPC_SC_VH_ONF|Onuf's Nucleus,LPC.SC.VH.ONF]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]]}
+
**** '''perineal nerve, deep branch''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/posteriorlabial.htm POSTERIOR LABIAL NERVES]); ORIGIN={pudendal nerve}; DISTRIBUTION={muscles of the perineum - bulbospongiosus, ischiocavernosus, sphincter urethrae}; MODALITY={general sensory, flexor motor}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulbospongiosus_muscle Genitalia - bulbospongiosus muscle] - in males, empties the urethra; in females, clenches the vagina; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ischiocavernosus_muscle Genitalia - ischiocavernosus muscle] - stabilize the erect penis or (in females) tense the vagina during orgasm; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/External_sphincter_muscle_of_female_urethra Ureter - external sphincter muscle of female urethra] - control urination, constricts urethra, maintain urinary continence; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/External_sphincter_muscle_of_male_urethra Ureter - external sphincter muscle of male urethra] - control urination, constricts urethra, maintain urinary continence}
−
***** <img src="http://o.quizlet.com/i/XxQa3Rmc7bIm_803uy_KYg.jpg" alt="unavailable">
+
***** <img src="http://o.quizlet.com/i/XxQa3Rmc7bIm_803uy_KYg.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
 +
***** fiber: GSE, types={A-alpha-Ia-motor}, endings={MA}, chain={[[BrainRegionLPC_SC_VH_ONF|Onuf's Nucleus,LPC.SC.VH.ONF]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]]}
 
**** '''perineal nerve, superficial branch'''; MODALITY={general sensory, sympathetic motor}
 
**** '''perineal nerve, superficial branch'''; MODALITY={general sensory, sympathetic motor}
 
***** '''labial nerve, posterior''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/posteriorlabial.htm POSTERIOR LABIAL NERVES]); ORIGIN={pudendal nerve}; DISTRIBUTION={labium majus}; MODALITY={general sensory}
 
***** '''labial nerve, posterior''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/posteriorlabial.htm POSTERIOR LABIAL NERVES]); ORIGIN={pudendal nerve}; DISTRIBUTION={labium majus}; MODALITY={general sensory}
−
****** <img src="http://www.anatomy.yalemedicine.org/graphics/unrestricted/grays/jpg/chapter5/F66124-005-f076b.jpg" alt="unavailable">
+
****** <img src="http://www.anatomy.yalemedicine.org/graphics/unrestricted/grays/jpg/chapter5/F66124-005-f076b.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
−
***** '''scrotal nerve, posterior''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/Ne99.htm POSTERIOR SCROTAL NERVES]); ORIGIN={pudendal nerve}; DISTRIBUTION={skin of scrotum}; MODALITY={general sensory, sympathetic motor}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dartos Genitalia - dartos muscle] - corrugates the scrotum; contraction reduces the surface area available for heat loss, thus reducing heat loss and warming the testicles; expansion increases the surface area, promoting heat loss and thus cooling the testicles.}; FIBERS={GVE:[[BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_IML|Intermediolateral Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.IML]] -> [[BrainRegionLAC_PN_SYM_IMG|Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion,LAC.PN.SYM.IMG]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]]}
+
***** '''scrotal nerve, posterior''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/Ne99.htm POSTERIOR SCROTAL NERVES]); ORIGIN={pudendal nerve}; DISTRIBUTION={skin of scrotum}; MODALITY={general sensory, sympathetic motor}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dartos Genitalia - dartos muscle] - corrugates the scrotum; contraction reduces the surface area available for heat loss, thus reducing heat loss and warming the testicles; expansion increases the surface area, promoting heat loss and thus cooling the testicles.}
−
****** <img src="http://www.pudendalhope.info/sites/default/files/AC1357_02A.jpg" alt="unavailable" height=400>
+
****** <img src="http://www.pudendalhope.info/sites/default/files/AC1357_02A.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;" height=400>
−
* '''Rectum nerves, somatic'''; MODALITY={general sensory, flexor motor, extensor motor}; FIBERS={GSA:[[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_RECTUM|Rectum,TARGET.TEA.RECTUM]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_LMG|Lower Marginal Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.LMG]]; GSA:[[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_RECTUM|Rectum,TARGET.TEA.RECTUM]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_LSG|Lower Substantia Gelatinosa,LPC.SC.PH.LSG]]}
+
****** fiber: GVE, types={B-motor}, endings={MPA-SPAV}, chain={[[BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_IML|Intermediolateral Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.IML]] -> [[BrainRegionLAC_PN_SYM_IMG|Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion,LAC.PN.SYM.IMG]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA|Genitalia,TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA]]}
 +
* '''Rectum nerves, somatic'''; MODALITY={general sensory, flexor motor, extensor motor}
 +
** fiber: GSA, types={A-delta-sensory}, endings={SAD}, chain={[[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_RECTUM|Rectum,TARGET.TEA.RECTUM]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_LMG|Lower Marginal Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.LMG]]}
 +
** fiber: GSA, types={C-sensory}, endings={SFN}, chain={[[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_RECTUM|Rectum,TARGET.TEA.RECTUM]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_LSG|Lower Substantia Gelatinosa,LPC.SC.PH.LSG]]}
 +
** fiber: GSA, types={A-beta-sensory}, endings={SMECH}, chain={[[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_RECTUM|Rectum,TARGET.TEA.RECTUM]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_HL_GR|Gracile Nucleus,LPC.HL.GR]] -> [[BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_VPL|Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPL]]}
 
** '''pudendal nerve, rectum''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/Ne96.htm PUDENDAL NERVE]); ORIGIN={sacral PLEXUS (S2-S4)}; BRANCHES={enters pudendal canal, gives off inferior anal nerve, and then divides into perineal nerve and dorsal nerve of penis (clitoris)}; DISTRIBUTION={muscles, skin, and erectile tissue of perineum}; MODALITY={general sensory, flexor motor, extensor motor}
 
** '''pudendal nerve, rectum''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/Ne96.htm PUDENDAL NERVE]); ORIGIN={sacral PLEXUS (S2-S4)}; BRANCHES={enters pudendal canal, gives off inferior anal nerve, and then divides into perineal nerve and dorsal nerve of penis (clitoris)}; DISTRIBUTION={muscles, skin, and erectile tissue of perineum}; MODALITY={general sensory, flexor motor, extensor motor}
−
*** '''inferior rectal nerve''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/Ne97.htm INFERIOR RECTAL NERVE]; anal nerves, inferior; rectal nerves, inferior hemorrhoidal nerves); ORIGIN={pudendal nerve, or independently from sacral PLEXUS, S5}; BRANCHES={cutaneous branches mainly, but muscular branches to external anal sphincter}; DISTRIBUTION={supplying perianal skin and lower part of anal canal; external anal sphincter muscle, skin around anus, and lining of anal canal up to pectinate line}; MODALITY={general sensory, flexor motor}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrugator_cutis_ani_muscle Rectum - corrugator cutis ani muscle] - raises the skin into ridges around the margin of the anus; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sphincter_ani_externus_muscle Rectum - sphincter ani externus muscle] - keep the anal canal and anus closed, aids in the expulsion of the feces}; FIBERS={GSE:[[BrainRegionLPC_SC_VH_ONF|Onuf's Nucleus,LPC.SC.VH.ONF]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_RECTUM|Rectum,TARGET.TEA.RECTUM]]}
+
*** '''inferior rectal nerve''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/Ne97.htm INFERIOR RECTAL NERVE]; anal nerves, inferior; rectal nerves, inferior hemorrhoidal nerves); ORIGIN={pudendal nerve, or independently from sacral PLEXUS, S5}; BRANCHES={cutaneous branches mainly, but muscular branches to external anal sphincter}; DISTRIBUTION={supplying perianal skin and lower part of anal canal; external anal sphincter muscle, skin around anus, and lining of anal canal up to pectinate line}; MODALITY={general sensory, flexor motor}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrugator_cutis_ani_muscle Rectum - corrugator cutis ani muscle] - raises the skin into ridges around the margin of the anus; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sphincter_ani_externus_muscle Rectum - sphincter ani externus muscle] - keep the anal canal and anus closed, aids in the expulsion of the feces}
−
**** <img src="http://a248.e.akamai.net/7/248/432/20110621154202/www.msdlatinamerica.com/ebooks/RockwoodGreensFracturesinAdults/files/4bbe9a84ff01b3c7055a1d4ec936b0dc.gif" alt="unavailable">
+
**** <img src="http://a248.e.akamai.net/7/248/432/20110621154202/www.msdlatinamerica.com/ebooks/RockwoodGreensFracturesinAdults/files/4bbe9a84ff01b3c7055a1d4ec936b0dc.gif" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
 +
**** fiber: GSE, types={A-alpha-Ia-motor}, endings={MA}, chain={[[BrainRegionLPC_SC_VH_ONF|Onuf's Nucleus,LPC.SC.VH.ONF]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_RECTUM|Rectum,TARGET.TEA.RECTUM]]}
 
*** '''perineal nerve, rectum''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/perinealS4.htm PERINEAL BRANCH OF S4]; MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/Ne98.htm PERINEAL NERVE]); ORIGIN={pudendal nerve, S4}; BRANCHES={muscular branches and posterior scrotal or labial nerves}; DISTRIBUTION={muscular branches supply superficial transverse perineal muscles and levator ani muscles}; MODALITY={general sensory, flexor motor, extensor motor}
 
*** '''perineal nerve, rectum''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/perinealS4.htm PERINEAL BRANCH OF S4]; MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/Ne98.htm PERINEAL NERVE]); ORIGIN={pudendal nerve, S4}; BRANCHES={muscular branches and posterior scrotal or labial nerves}; DISTRIBUTION={muscular branches supply superficial transverse perineal muscles and levator ani muscles}; MODALITY={general sensory, flexor motor, extensor motor}
−
**** '''nerve to superficial transverse perineal'''; DISTRIBUTION={pelvic surface of levator ani}; MODALITY={general sensory, flexor motor}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transversus_perinei_superficialis_muscle Rectum - superficial transverse perineal muscle] - Fixation of central tendon of perineum, support of pelvic floor}; FIBERS={GSE:[[BrainRegionLPC_SC_VH_ONF|Onuf's Nucleus,LPC.SC.VH.ONF]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_RECTUM|Rectum,TARGET.TEA.RECTUM]]}
+
**** '''nerve to superficial transverse perineal'''; DISTRIBUTION={pelvic surface of levator ani}; MODALITY={general sensory, flexor motor}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transversus_perinei_superficialis_muscle Rectum - superficial transverse perineal muscle] - Fixation of central tendon of perineum, support of pelvic floor}
−
***** <img src="http://www.emory.edu/ANATOMY/AnatomyManual/91a.jpg" alt="unavailable">
+
***** <img src="http://www.emory.edu/ANATOMY/AnatomyManual/91a.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
−
**** '''nerves to coccygeus and levator ani muscles''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/nervelevatorani.htm NERVE TO LEVATOR ANI]); DISTRIBUTION={motor innervation to coccygeus and levator ani muscles}; MODALITY={general sensory, extensor motor}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pubococcygeus_muscle Genitalia - pubococcygeus muscle] - controls urine flow and contracts during orgasm; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccygeus_muscle Rectum - coccygeus muscle] - pulls coccyx forward after defecation, closing in the back part of the outlet of the pelvis; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iliococcygeus_muscle Rectum - iliococcygeus muscle] - supports the viscera in pelvic cavity; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puborectalis_muscle Rectum - puborectalis muscle] - inhibit defecation}; FIBERS={GSE:[[BrainRegionLPC_SC_VH_VM|Ventromedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.VH.VM]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_RECTUM|Rectum,TARGET.TEA.RECTUM]]}
+
***** fiber: GSE, types={A-alpha-Ia-motor}, endings={MA}, chain={[[BrainRegionLPC_SC_VH_ONF|Onuf's Nucleus,LPC.SC.VH.ONF]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_RECTUM|Rectum,TARGET.TEA.RECTUM]]}
−
***** <img src="http://naturalhealingcyprus.files.wordpress.com/2013/07/muscles-of-the-pelvic-floor-diaphragm-levator-ani-coccygeus-pubococcygeus-iliococcygeus.jpg" alt="unavailable">
+
**** '''nerves to coccygeus and levator ani muscles''' (MA:[http://www.oluwoleogunranti.com/course/course1/nerves/nervelevatorani.htm NERVE TO LEVATOR ANI]); DISTRIBUTION={motor innervation to coccygeus and levator ani muscles}; MODALITY={general sensory, extensor motor}; MUSCLES={[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pubococcygeus_muscle Genitalia - pubococcygeus muscle] - controls urine flow and contracts during orgasm; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccygeus_muscle Rectum - coccygeus muscle] - pulls coccyx forward after defecation, closing in the back part of the outlet of the pelvis; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iliococcygeus_muscle Rectum - iliococcygeus muscle] - supports the viscera in pelvic cavity; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puborectalis_muscle Rectum - puborectalis muscle] - inhibit defecation}
 +
***** <img src="http://naturalhealingcyprus.files.wordpress.com/2013/07/muscles-of-the-pelvic-floor-diaphragm-levator-ani-coccygeus-pubococcygeus-iliococcygeus.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
 +
***** fiber: GSE, types={A-alpha-Ia-motor}, endings={MA}, chain={[[BrainRegionLPC_SC_VH_VM|Ventromedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.VH.VM]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_RECTUM|Rectum,TARGET.TEA.RECTUM]]}

Latest revision as of 19:06, 28 November 2018

Human Spinal Lumbosacral Nerves - Genital and Gastrointestinal

Home -> BiologicalLifeResearch -> HumanNerves -> HumanNervesSpinalGenital

This page is intended to list lumbo-sacral spinal cord nerves of biological human, which connect mind to human limbs and visceral organs.

Coverage verified by:

LUMBOSACRAL NERVES - GENITAL AND GASTROINTESTINAL

(generated)

motor nuclei/ganglia:

  • Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion,LAC.PN.SYM.IMG; NERVES={left hypogastric nerve, cervical; left hypogastric nerve, lubricate; left hypogastric nerve, prostatic; left hypogastric nerve, ureteric; left hypogastric nerve, uterovaginal; right hypogastric nerve; genitofemoral nerve, genital branch; scrotal nerve, posterior}
  • Onuf's Nucleus,LPC.SC.VH.ONF; NERVES={genitofemoral nerve, genital; dorsal nerve of clitoris/penis; perineal nerve, deep branch; inferior rectal nerve; nerve to superficial transverse perineal}
  • Pelvic Peripheral Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.PPG; NERVES={splanchnic nerves, pelvic, nipple; splanchnic nerves, pelvic, to penis/clitoris; splanchnic nerves, pelvic, to rectum; splanchnic nerves, pelvic, to stomach; splanchnic nerves, pelvic, to urinary bladder; splanchnic nerves, pelvic, uterovaginal}
  • Ventromedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.VH.VM; NERVES={nerves to coccygeus and levator ani muscles}

sensory nuclei/ganglia:

  • Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG; NERVES={left hypogastric nerve, cervical; left hypogastric nerve, lubricate; left hypogastric nerve, prostatic; left hypogastric nerve, ureteric; left hypogastric nerve, uterovaginal; right hypogastric nerve; splanchnic nerves, pelvic, to penis/clitoris; splanchnic nerves, pelvic, to rectum; splanchnic nerves, pelvic, to stomach; splanchnic nerves, pelvic, to urinary bladder; splanchnic nerves, pelvic, uterovaginal; Genitalia nerves, somatic; Rectum nerves, somatic}
  • Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG; NERVES={splanchnic nerves, pelvic, nipple}

nerves:

Retrieved from "http://wiki.ahuman.org/index.php?title=HumanNervesSpinalGenital&oldid=12262"