Difference between revisions of "BrainRegionTARGET TSA EAR"
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<pre style="color: green">Ear</pre> | <pre style="color: green">Ear</pre> | ||
@@[[Home]] -> [[BiologicalLifeResearch]] -> [[BrainAreaTSA]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TSA_EAR]] | @@[[Home]] -> [[BiologicalLifeResearch]] -> [[BrainAreaTSA]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TSA_EAR]] | ||
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Region is part of aHuman target integrated biological model. | Region is part of aHuman target integrated biological model. | ||
| − | * '''Top-down path to region''': Target -> Human Sensors (aHumanSensors) -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TSA_EAR|Ear]] | + | * '''Top-down path to region''': Target -> Human Sensors (aHumanSensors) -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TSA_EAR|Ear]] (TARGET.TSA.EAR) (see [[OverallMindMaps|Mind Maps]]) |
* '''Type''': sensor | * '''Type''': sensor | ||
| − | * '''Brain area''': [[BrainAreaTSA|Sensor Area]] | + | * '''Quality''': L0 |
| − | * '''Role''': | + | * '''Brain area''': [[BrainAreaTSA|Sensor Area]] (TSA) |
| + | * '''Area circuit''': TARGET.TSA.EAR Circuit (TARGET.TSA.EAR.CIRCUIT) | ||
| + | * '''Role''': targetsensor | ||
* '''Function''': Auditory and Vestibular Sensor | * '''Function''': Auditory and Vestibular Sensor | ||
(generated) | (generated) | ||
| Line 32: | Line 33: | ||
* '''Ear sound sensory control''' ('''ear-sensory-control''') | * '''Ear sound sensory control''' ('''ear-sensory-control''') | ||
** [http://www.d.umn.edu/~jfitzake/Lectures/UndergradPharmacy/SensoryPhysiology/Audition/OHCFunction.html Ear - outer hair cells] ([[BrainRegionLPC_MM_SOC|LPC.MM.SOC]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|ear-outer-hair-cells]]): contracts basilar membrane; mechanically amplify low-level sound that enters cochlea | ** [http://www.d.umn.edu/~jfitzake/Lectures/UndergradPharmacy/SensoryPhysiology/Audition/OHCFunction.html Ear - outer hair cells] ([[BrainRegionLPC_MM_SOC|LPC.MM.SOC]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|ear-outer-hair-cells]]): contracts basilar membrane; mechanically amplify low-level sound that enters cochlea | ||
| − | ** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stapedius Ear - stapedius muscle] ([[ | + | ** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stapedius Ear - stapedius muscle] ([[BrainRegionLPC_HT_FCM|LPC.HT.FCM]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|ear-stapedius]]): dampens vibrations of stapes |
| − | ** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensor_tympani Ear - tympanic membrane muscle] ([[ | + | ** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensor_tympani Ear - tympanic membrane muscle] ([[BrainRegionLPC_HT_TRM|LPC.HT.TRM]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|ear-tensor-tympani-muscle]]): dampen sounds, such as those produced from chewing |
* '''Ear move muscles''' ('''ear-move''') | * '''Ear move muscles''' ('''ear-move''') | ||
| − | ** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anterior_auricular_muscle Ear - anterior auricular muscle] ([[ | + | ** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anterior_auricular_muscle Ear - anterior auricular muscle] ([[BrainRegionLPC_HT_FCM|LPC.HT.FCM]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|ear-anterior-auricular-muscle]]): pulls ear forward |
| − | ** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posterior_auricular_muscle Ear - posterior auricular muscle] ([[ | + | ** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posterior_auricular_muscle Ear - posterior auricular muscle] ([[BrainRegionLPC_HT_FCM|LPC.HT.FCM]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|ear-posterior-auricular-muscle]]): pulls ear backward |
| − | ** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superior_auricular_muscle Ear - superior auricular muscle] ([[ | + | ** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superior_auricular_muscle Ear - superior auricular muscle] ([[BrainRegionLPC_HT_FCM|LPC.HT.FCM]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|ear-superior-auricular-muscle]]): pulls ear upward |
| − | ** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oblique_muscle_of_auricle Ear - oblique muscle of auricle] ([[ | + | ** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oblique_muscle_of_auricle Ear - oblique muscle of auricle] ([[BrainRegionLPC_HT_FCM|LPC.HT.FCM]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|ear-oblique-auricular-muscle]]): movement of the ears |
| − | ** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temporoparietalis_muscle Ear - temporoparietalis muscle] ([[ | + | ** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temporoparietalis_muscle Ear - temporoparietalis muscle] ([[BrainRegionLPC_HT_FCM|LPC.HT.FCM]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|ear-temporoparietalis-muscle]]): assist the frontal belly in drawing the epicranial aponeurosis towards the front of the cranium |
= Connectivity = | = Connectivity = | ||
| Line 50: | Line 51: | ||
{| class=wikitable width=80% | {| class=wikitable width=80% | ||
| − | | '''Source Area''' || '''Source Region''' || '''Source Name''' || '''Type''' || '''Reference''' | + | | '''Source Area''' || '''Source Region''' || '''Source Name''' || '''Type''' || '''Role''' || '''Reference''' |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[BrainAreaLPC|LPC]] || [[ | + | | [[BrainAreaLPC|LPC]] || [[BrainRegionLPC_HT_FCM|LPC.HT.FCM]] || Facial Motor Nucleus || ear-anterior-auricular-muscle || (none) ||(unknown reference) |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || [[ | + | | || [[BrainRegionLPC_HT_TRM|LPC.HT.TRM]] || Trigeminal Motor Nucleus || ear-tensor-tympani-muscle || (none) ||(unknown reference) |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || [[BrainRegionLPC_MM_SOC|LPC.MM.SOC]] || Superior Olivary Complex || ear-outer-hair-cells || [http://lifeboat.com/ex/law.of.accelerating.returns Five Parallel Auditory Pathways (VNTB -> Cochlea)] | + | | || [[BrainRegionLPC_MM_SOC|LPC.MM.SOC]] || Superior Olivary Complex || ear-outer-hair-cells || (none) ||[http://lifeboat.com/ex/law.of.accelerating.returns Five Parallel Auditory Pathways (VNTB -> Cochlea)] |
|} | |} | ||
| Line 62: | Line 63: | ||
{| class=wikitable width=80% | {| class=wikitable width=80% | ||
| − | | '''Target Area''' || '''Target Region''' || '''Target Name''' || '''Type''' || '''Reference''' | + | | '''Target Area''' || '''Target Region''' || '''Target Name''' || '''Type''' || '''Role''' || '''Reference''' |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[BrainAreaLPC|LPC]] || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_CVB|LPC.PN.SG.CVB]] || Vestibular Ganglion - Semicircular Canal Neurons || ear-semicircular-canals || (unknown reference) | + | | [[BrainAreaLPC|LPC]] || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_CVB|LPC.PN.SG.CVB]] || Vestibular Ganglion - Semicircular Canal Neurons || ear-semicircular-canals || (none) || (unknown reference) |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_GNG|LPC.PN.SG.GNG]] || Geniculate Ganglion || ear-somatic || (unknown reference) | + | | || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_GNG|LPC.PN.SG.GNG]] || Geniculate Ganglion || ear-somatic || (none) || (unknown reference) |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_JUG|LPC.PN.SG.JUG]] || Jugular Ganglion || ear-visceral || (unknown reference) | + | | || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_JUG|LPC.PN.SG.JUG]] || Jugular Ganglion || ear-visceral || (none) || (unknown reference) |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_PET|LPC.PN.SG.PET]] || Petrosal Ganglion || ear-timpanic-cavity || (unknown reference) | + | | || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_PET|LPC.PN.SG.PET]] || Petrosal Ganglion || ear-timpanic-cavity || (none) || (unknown reference) |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_SP|LPC.PN.SG.SP]] || Spiral Ganglion || ear-inner-hair-cells || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359644605035427 Auditory System Model (Ear -> CochleaGanglion)] | + | | || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_SP|LPC.PN.SG.SP]] || Spiral Ganglion || ear-inner-hair-cells || (none) || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359644605035427 Auditory System Model (Ear -> CochleaGanglion)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_SVB|LPC.PN.SG.SVB]] || Vestibular Ganglion - Saccule Neurons || ear-saccule || (unknown reference) | + | | || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_SVB|LPC.PN.SG.SVB]] || Vestibular Ganglion - Saccule Neurons || ear-saccule || (none) || (unknown reference) |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_TRG|LPC.PN.SG.TRG]] || Trigeminal Ganglion || ear-acoustic-meatus-skin || (unknown reference) | + | | || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_TRG|LPC.PN.SG.TRG]] || Trigeminal Ganglion || ear-acoustic-meatus-skin || (none) || (unknown reference) |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_UDRG|LPC.PN.SG.UDRG]] || Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion || ear-external-skin || (unknown reference) | + | | || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_UDRG|LPC.PN.SG.UDRG]] || Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion || ear-external-skin || (none) || (unknown reference) |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_UVB|LPC.PN.SG.UVB]] || Vestibular Ganglion - Utricle Neurons || ear-utricle || (unknown reference) | + | | || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_UVB|LPC.PN.SG.UVB]] || Vestibular Ganglion - Utricle Neurons || ear-utricle || (none) || (unknown reference) |
|} | |} | ||
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(generated) | (generated) | ||
| − | * [http:// | + | * [http://ars.sciencedirect.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S1359644605035427-gr1.jpg Auditory System Model] - see [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359644605035427 Reference] (CP.AUDITORY-SYSTEM-MODEL) |
| − | <img src="http:// | + | A1=[[BrainRegionNSA_NC_TTG_A1|Primary Auditory Cortex,NSA.NC.TTG.A1]] |
| + | Cochlea=Cochlear Nucleus,LPC.HL.COCH (see [[BrainCenterHL_SN|Myelencephalic Sensory Nuclei]]) | ||
| + | CochleaGanglion=[[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_SP|Spiral Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.SP]] | ||
| + | Ear=[[BrainRegionTARGET_TSA_EAR|Ear,TARGET.TSA.EAR]] | ||
| + | IC=Inferior Colliculus,ABA.MM.IC (see [[BrainCenterMM_REF|Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon]]) | ||
| + | MGB=[[BrainRegionNSA_FD_TH_MGB|Medial Geniculate Body,NSA.FD.TH.MGB]] | ||
| + | Olive=[[BrainRegionLPC_MM_SOC|Superior Olivary Complex,LPC.MM.SOC]] | ||
| + | <img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/873bb6a303f8186ca7db47e5906ce290.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;"> | ||
| − | * [http:// | + | * [http://lifeboat.com/kurzweil/cochlea.gif Five Parallel Auditory Pathways] - see [http://lifeboat.com/ex/law.of.accelerating.returns Reference] (CP.FIVE-AUDITORY-PATHWAYS) |
| − | <img src="http:// | + | AC=[[BrainRegionNSA_NC_TTG_A1|Primary Auditory Cortex,NSA.NC.TTG.A1]] |
| + | Cochlea=[[BrainRegionTARGET_TSA_EAR|Ear,TARGET.TSA.EAR]] | ||
| + | CochleaGanglion=[[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_SP|Spiral Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.SP]] | ||
| + | DCN=Cochlear Nucleus,LPC.HL.COCH (see [[BrainCenterHL_SN|Myelencephalic Sensory Nuclei]]) | ||
| + | DNLL=[[BrainRegionLPC_HT_PN_LL|Nuclei of Lateral Lemniscus,LPC.HT.PN.LL]] | ||
| + | GBC=Cochlear Nucleus,LPC.HL.COCH (see [[BrainCenterHL_SN|Myelencephalic Sensory Nuclei]]) | ||
| + | ICC=Inferior Colliculus,ABA.MM.IC (see [[BrainCenterMM_REF|Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon]]) | ||
| + | ICx=Inferior Colliculus,ABA.MM.IC (see [[BrainCenterMM_REF|Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon]]) | ||
| + | LS=[[BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF|Hippocampal Formation,FMM.FT.HF]] | ||
| + | LSO=[[BrainRegionLPC_MM_SOC|Superior Olivary Complex,LPC.MM.SOC]] | ||
| + | MC=Cochlear Nucleus,LPC.HL.COCH (see [[BrainCenterHL_SN|Myelencephalic Sensory Nuclei]]) | ||
| + | MGB=[[BrainRegionNSA_FD_TH_MGB|Medial Geniculate Body,NSA.FD.TH.MGB]] | ||
| + | MSO=[[BrainRegionLPC_MM_SOC|Superior Olivary Complex,LPC.MM.SOC]] | ||
| + | OC=Cochlear Nucleus,LPC.HL.COCH (see [[BrainCenterHL_SN|Myelencephalic Sensory Nuclei]]) | ||
| + | SBC=Cochlear Nucleus,LPC.HL.COCH (see [[BrainCenterHL_SN|Myelencephalic Sensory Nuclei]]) | ||
| + | SC=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see [[BrainCenterMM_REF|Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon]]) | ||
| + | VNLL=[[BrainRegionLPC_HT_PN_LL|Nuclei of Lateral Lemniscus,LPC.HT.PN.LL]] | ||
| + | VNTB=[[BrainRegionLPC_MM_SOC|Superior Olivary Complex,ABA.MM.SOC.TZ]] | ||
| + | <img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/7902050fd521ea92277e2b254a2cc914.gif" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;"> | ||
| − | * [http://www.benbest.com/science/anatmind/FigVI1.gif Auditory System in Brain] - see [http://www.benbest.com/science/anatmind/anatmd6.html Reference] | + | * [http://www.benbest.com/science/anatmind/FigVI1.gif Auditory System in Brain] - see [http://www.benbest.com/science/anatmind/anatmd6.html Reference] (CP.AUDITORY-SYSTEM-BRAIN) |
| − | <img src="http:// | + | A1=[[BrainRegionNSA_NC_TTG_A1|Primary Auditory Cortex,NSA.NC.TTG.A1]] |
| + | Cochlea=Cochlear Nucleus,LPC.HL.COCH (see [[BrainCenterHL_SN|Myelencephalic Sensory Nuclei]]) | ||
| + | CochleaGanglion=[[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_SP|Spiral Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.SP]] | ||
| + | Ear=[[BrainRegionTARGET_TSA_EAR|Ear,TARGET.TSA.EAR]] | ||
| + | IC=Inferior Colliculus,ABA.MM.IC (see [[BrainCenterMM_REF|Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon]]) | ||
| + | MGB=[[BrainRegionNSA_FD_TH_MGB|Medial Geniculate Body,NSA.FD.TH.MGB]] | ||
| + | Olive=[[BrainRegionLPC_MM_SOC|Superior Olivary Complex,LPC.MM.SOC]] | ||
| + | <img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/43041252332b56ca42379c88ed9f1d71.gif" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;"> | ||
| Line 102: | Line 135: | ||
(generated) | (generated) | ||
| − | |||
* http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359644605035427 | * http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359644605035427 | ||
| + | * http://lifeboat.com/ex/law.of.accelerating.returns | ||
* http://www.benbest.com/science/anatmind/anatmd6.html | * http://www.benbest.com/science/anatmind/anatmd6.html | ||
Latest revision as of 18:35, 28 April 2019
Ear
@@Home -> BiologicalLifeResearch -> BrainAreaTSA -> BrainRegionTARGET_TSA_EAR
This page covers biological details of component Ear. Region is part of aHuman target integrated biological model.
- Top-down path to region: Target -> Human Sensors (aHumanSensors) -> Ear (TARGET.TSA.EAR) (see Mind Maps)
- Type: sensor
- Quality: L0
- Brain area: Sensor Area (TSA)
- Area circuit: TARGET.TSA.EAR Circuit (TARGET.TSA.EAR.CIRCUIT)
- Role: targetsensor
- Function: Auditory and Vestibular Sensor
(generated)
Components
(generated)
Component items:
- Ear sound sensory data (ear-sensory-sound-data)
- Ear - inner hair cells (ear-inner-hair-cells -> LPC.PN.SG.SP): frequency-aligned tonotopic mapping
- Ear - outer hair cells feedback (ear-outer-hair-cells-feedback -> LPC.PN.SG.SP): verifies amplify actions done
- Ear - somatic receptors (ear-somatic -> LPC.PN.SG.GNG): from skin to geniculate ganglion to spinal trigeminal nucleus
- Ear - outer ear skin (ear-external-skin -> LPC.PN.SG.UDRG): skin over the mastoid process, back of the auricle, lobule and a portion of the scalp
- Ear - acoustic meatus skin (ear-acoustic-meatus-skin -> LPC.PN.SG.TRG): from skin lining external acoustic meatus, and tympanic membrane to trigeminal gangion
- Ear - visceral receptors (ear-visceral -> LPC.PN.SG.JUG): pain, temperature, and touch
- Ear - timpanic cavity (ear-timpanic-cavity -> LPC.PN.SG.PET): pain, temperature, and touch
- Ear vestibular sensory data (ear-sensory-vestibular-data)
- Ear - semicircular canals, cristae (ear-semicircular-canals -> LPC.PN.SG.CVB): activate afferent receptors in response to rotational acceleration
- Ear - utricle, maculae (ear-utricle -> LPC.PN.SG.UVB): activate afferent receptors in response to horizontal linear acceleration
- Ear - saccule, maculae (ear-saccule -> LPC.PN.SG.SVB): activate afferent receptors in response to vertical linear acceleration
- Ear sound sensory control (ear-sensory-control)
- Ear - outer hair cells (LPC.MM.SOC -> ear-outer-hair-cells): contracts basilar membrane; mechanically amplify low-level sound that enters cochlea
- Ear - stapedius muscle (LPC.HT.FCM -> ear-stapedius): dampens vibrations of stapes
- Ear - tympanic membrane muscle (LPC.HT.TRM -> ear-tensor-tympani-muscle): dampen sounds, such as those produced from chewing
- Ear move muscles (ear-move)
- Ear - anterior auricular muscle (LPC.HT.FCM -> ear-anterior-auricular-muscle): pulls ear forward
- Ear - posterior auricular muscle (LPC.HT.FCM -> ear-posterior-auricular-muscle): pulls ear backward
- Ear - superior auricular muscle (LPC.HT.FCM -> ear-superior-auricular-muscle): pulls ear upward
- Ear - oblique muscle of auricle (LPC.HT.FCM -> ear-oblique-auricular-muscle): movement of the ears
- Ear - temporoparietalis muscle (LPC.HT.FCM -> ear-temporoparietalis-muscle): assist the frontal belly in drawing the epicranial aponeurosis towards the front of the cranium
Connectivity
(generated)
Inbound Region Connections:
| Source Area | Source Region | Source Name | Type | Role | Reference |
| LPC | LPC.HT.FCM | Facial Motor Nucleus | ear-anterior-auricular-muscle | (none) | (unknown reference) |
| LPC.HT.TRM | Trigeminal Motor Nucleus | ear-tensor-tympani-muscle | (none) | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC.MM.SOC | Superior Olivary Complex | ear-outer-hair-cells | (none) | Five Parallel Auditory Pathways (VNTB -> Cochlea) |
Outbound Region Connections:
| Target Area | Target Region | Target Name | Type | Role | Reference |
| LPC | LPC.PN.SG.CVB | Vestibular Ganglion - Semicircular Canal Neurons | ear-semicircular-canals | (none) | (unknown reference) |
| LPC.PN.SG.GNG | Geniculate Ganglion | ear-somatic | (none) | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC.PN.SG.JUG | Jugular Ganglion | ear-visceral | (none) | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC.PN.SG.PET | Petrosal Ganglion | ear-timpanic-cavity | (none) | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC.PN.SG.SP | Spiral Ganglion | ear-inner-hair-cells | (none) | Auditory System Model (Ear -> CochleaGanglion) | |
| LPC.PN.SG.SVB | Vestibular Ganglion - Saccule Neurons | ear-saccule | (none) | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC.PN.SG.TRG | Trigeminal Ganglion | ear-acoustic-meatus-skin | (none) | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC.PN.SG.UDRG | Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion | ear-external-skin | (none) | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC.PN.SG.UVB | Vestibular Ganglion - Utricle Neurons | ear-utricle | (none) | (unknown reference) |
Thirdparty Circuits
(generated)
- Auditory System Model - see Reference (CP.AUDITORY-SYSTEM-MODEL)
A1=Primary Auditory Cortex,NSA.NC.TTG.A1 Cochlea=Cochlear Nucleus,LPC.HL.COCH (see Myelencephalic Sensory Nuclei) CochleaGanglion=Spiral Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.SP Ear=Ear,TARGET.TSA.EAR IC=Inferior Colliculus,ABA.MM.IC (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon) MGB=Medial Geniculate Body,NSA.FD.TH.MGB Olive=Superior Olivary Complex,LPC.MM.SOC
- Five Parallel Auditory Pathways - see Reference (CP.FIVE-AUDITORY-PATHWAYS)
AC=Primary Auditory Cortex,NSA.NC.TTG.A1 Cochlea=Ear,TARGET.TSA.EAR CochleaGanglion=Spiral Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.SP DCN=Cochlear Nucleus,LPC.HL.COCH (see Myelencephalic Sensory Nuclei) DNLL=Nuclei of Lateral Lemniscus,LPC.HT.PN.LL GBC=Cochlear Nucleus,LPC.HL.COCH (see Myelencephalic Sensory Nuclei) ICC=Inferior Colliculus,ABA.MM.IC (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon) ICx=Inferior Colliculus,ABA.MM.IC (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon) LS=Hippocampal Formation,FMM.FT.HF LSO=Superior Olivary Complex,LPC.MM.SOC MC=Cochlear Nucleus,LPC.HL.COCH (see Myelencephalic Sensory Nuclei) MGB=Medial Geniculate Body,NSA.FD.TH.MGB MSO=Superior Olivary Complex,LPC.MM.SOC OC=Cochlear Nucleus,LPC.HL.COCH (see Myelencephalic Sensory Nuclei) SBC=Cochlear Nucleus,LPC.HL.COCH (see Myelencephalic Sensory Nuclei) SC=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon) VNLL=Nuclei of Lateral Lemniscus,LPC.HT.PN.LL VNTB=Superior Olivary Complex,ABA.MM.SOC.TZ
- Auditory System in Brain - see Reference (CP.AUDITORY-SYSTEM-BRAIN)
A1=Primary Auditory Cortex,NSA.NC.TTG.A1 Cochlea=Cochlear Nucleus,LPC.HL.COCH (see Myelencephalic Sensory Nuclei) CochleaGanglion=Spiral Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.SP Ear=Ear,TARGET.TSA.EAR IC=Inferior Colliculus,ABA.MM.IC (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon) MGB=Medial Geniculate Body,NSA.FD.TH.MGB Olive=Superior Olivary Complex,LPC.MM.SOC
References
(generated)
