Difference between revisions of "BrainRegionTARGET TSA EAR"
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** Ear - saccule, maculae (ear-saccule -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_SVB|LPC.PN.SG.SVB]]): activate afferent receptors in response to vertical linear acceleration | ** Ear - saccule, maculae (ear-saccule -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_SVB|LPC.PN.SG.SVB]]): activate afferent receptors in response to vertical linear acceleration | ||
* '''Ear sound sensory control''' ('''ear-sensory-control''') | * '''Ear sound sensory control''' ('''ear-sensory-control''') | ||
| − | ** | + | ** [http://www.d.umn.edu/~jfitzake/Lectures/UndergradPharmacy/SensoryPhysiology/Audition/OHCFunction.html Ear - outer hair cells] ([[BrainRegionLPC_MM_SOC|LPC.MM.SOC]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|ear-outer-hair-cells]]): contracts basilar membrane; mechanically amplify low-level sound that enters cochlea |
| − | ** | + | ** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stapedius Ear - stapedius muscle] ([[BrainRegionLPC_HP_FCM|LPC.HP.FCM]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|ear-stapedius]]): dampens vibrations of stapes |
| − | ** | + | ** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensor_tympani Ear - tympanic membrane muscle] ([[BrainRegionLPC_HP_PTP_TRM|LPC.HP.PTP.TRM]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|ear-tensor-tympani-muscle]]): dampen sounds, such as those produced from chewing |
* '''Ear move muscles''' ('''ear-move''') | * '''Ear move muscles''' ('''ear-move''') | ||
| − | ** | + | ** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anterior_auricular_muscle Ear - anterior auricular muscle] ([[BrainRegionLPC_HP_FCM|LPC.HP.FCM]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|ear-anterior-auricular-muscle]]): pulls ear forward |
| − | ** | + | ** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posterior_auricular_muscle Ear - posterior auricular muscle] ([[BrainRegionLPC_HP_FCM|LPC.HP.FCM]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|ear-posterior-auricular-muscle]]): pulls ear backward |
| − | ** | + | ** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superior_auricular_muscle Ear - superior auricular muscle] ([[BrainRegionLPC_HP_FCM|LPC.HP.FCM]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|ear-superior-auricular-muscle]]): pulls ear upward |
| − | ** | + | ** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oblique_muscle_of_auricle Ear - oblique muscle of auricle] ([[BrainRegionLPC_HP_FCM|LPC.HP.FCM]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|ear-oblique-auricular-muscle]]): movement of the ears |
| − | ** | + | ** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temporoparietalis_muscle Ear - temporoparietalis muscle] ([[BrainRegionLPC_HP_FCM|LPC.HP.FCM]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|ear-temporoparietalis-muscle]]): assist the frontal belly in drawing the epicranial aponeurosis towards the front of the cranium |
= Connectivity = | = Connectivity = | ||
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| || [[BrainRegionLPC_HP_PTP_TRM|LPC.HP.PTP.TRM]] || Trigeminal Motor Nucleus || ear-tensor-tympani-muscle || (unknown reference) | | || [[BrainRegionLPC_HP_PTP_TRM|LPC.HP.PTP.TRM]] || Trigeminal Motor Nucleus || ear-tensor-tympani-muscle || (unknown reference) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || [[BrainRegionLPC_MM_SOC|LPC.MM.SOC]] || Superior Olivary Complex || ear-outer-hair-cells || | + | | || [[BrainRegionLPC_MM_SOC|LPC.MM.SOC]] || Superior Olivary Complex || ear-outer-hair-cells || [http://lifeboat.com/ex/law.of.accelerating.returns Five Parallel Auditory Pathways (VNTB -> Cochlea)] |
|} | |} | ||
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| || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_PET|LPC.PN.SG.PET]] || Petrosal Ganglion || ear-timpanic-cavity || (unknown reference) | | || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_PET|LPC.PN.SG.PET]] || Petrosal Ganglion || ear-timpanic-cavity || (unknown reference) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_SP|LPC.PN.SG.SP]] || Spiral Ganglion || ear-inner-hair-cells || | + | | || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_SP|LPC.PN.SG.SP]] || Spiral Ganglion || ear-inner-hair-cells || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359644605035427 Auditory System Model (Ear -> CochleaGanglion)] |
|- | |- | ||
| || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_SVB|LPC.PN.SG.SVB]] || Vestibular Ganglion - Saccule Neurons || ear-saccule || (unknown reference) | | || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_SVB|LPC.PN.SG.SVB]] || Vestibular Ganglion - Saccule Neurons || ear-saccule || (unknown reference) | ||
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(generated) | (generated) | ||
| − | * | + | * [http://lifeboat.com/kurzweil/cochlea.gif Five Parallel Auditory Pathways] - see [http://lifeboat.com/ex/law.of.accelerating.returns Reference] |
<img src="http://lifeboat.com/kurzweil/cochlea.gif" alt="unavailable"> | <img src="http://lifeboat.com/kurzweil/cochlea.gif" alt="unavailable"> | ||
| − | * | + | * [http://ars.sciencedirect.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S1359644605035427-gr1.jpg Auditory System Model] - see [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359644605035427 Reference] |
<img src="http://ars.sciencedirect.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S1359644605035427-gr1.jpg" alt="unavailable"> | <img src="http://ars.sciencedirect.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S1359644605035427-gr1.jpg" alt="unavailable"> | ||
| − | * | + | * [http://www.benbest.com/science/anatmind/FigVI1.gif Auditory System in Brain] - see [http://www.benbest.com/science/anatmind/anatmd6.html Reference] |
<img src="http://www.benbest.com/science/anatmind/FigVI1.gif" alt="unavailable"> | <img src="http://www.benbest.com/science/anatmind/FigVI1.gif" alt="unavailable"> | ||
Revision as of 10:28, 17 June 2015
Ear
@@Home -> BiologicalLifeResearch -> BrainAreaTSA -> BrainRegionTARGET_TSA_EAR
This page covers biological details of component Ear. Region is part of aHuman target integrated biological model.
- Top-down path to region: Target -> Human Sensors (aHumanSensors) -> Ear (TARGET.TSA.EAR) (see Mind Maps)
- Type: sensor
- Brain area: Sensor Area
- Role: unknown
- Function: Auditory and Vestibular Sensor
(generated)
Components
(generated)
Component items:
- Ear sound sensory data (ear-sensory-sound-data)
- Ear - inner hair cells (ear-inner-hair-cells -> LPC.PN.SG.SP): frequency-aligned tonotopic mapping
- Ear - outer hair cells feedback (ear-outer-hair-cells-feedback -> LPC.PN.SG.SP): verifies amplify actions done
- Ear - somatic receptors (ear-somatic -> LPC.PN.SG.GNG): from skin to geniculate ganglion to spinal trigeminal nucleus
- Ear - outer ear skin (ear-external-skin -> LPC.PN.SG.UDRG): skin over the mastoid process, back of the auricle, lobule and a portion of the scalp
- Ear - acoustic meatus skin (ear-acoustic-meatus-skin -> LPC.PN.SG.TRG): from skin lining external acoustic meatus, and tympanic membrane to trigeminal gangion
- Ear - visceral receptors (ear-visceral -> LPC.PN.SG.JUG): pain, temperature, and touch
- Ear - timpanic cavity (ear-timpanic-cavity -> LPC.PN.SG.PET): pain, temperature, and touch
- Ear vestibular sensory data (ear-sensory-vestibular-data)
- Ear - semicircular canals, cristae (ear-semicircular-canals -> LPC.PN.SG.CVB): activate afferent receptors in response to rotational acceleration
- Ear - utricle, maculae (ear-utricle -> LPC.PN.SG.UVB): activate afferent receptors in response to horizontal linear acceleration
- Ear - saccule, maculae (ear-saccule -> LPC.PN.SG.SVB): activate afferent receptors in response to vertical linear acceleration
- Ear sound sensory control (ear-sensory-control)
- Ear - outer hair cells (LPC.MM.SOC -> ear-outer-hair-cells): contracts basilar membrane; mechanically amplify low-level sound that enters cochlea
- Ear - stapedius muscle (LPC.HP.FCM -> ear-stapedius): dampens vibrations of stapes
- Ear - tympanic membrane muscle (LPC.HP.PTP.TRM -> ear-tensor-tympani-muscle): dampen sounds, such as those produced from chewing
- Ear move muscles (ear-move)
- Ear - anterior auricular muscle (LPC.HP.FCM -> ear-anterior-auricular-muscle): pulls ear forward
- Ear - posterior auricular muscle (LPC.HP.FCM -> ear-posterior-auricular-muscle): pulls ear backward
- Ear - superior auricular muscle (LPC.HP.FCM -> ear-superior-auricular-muscle): pulls ear upward
- Ear - oblique muscle of auricle (LPC.HP.FCM -> ear-oblique-auricular-muscle): movement of the ears
- Ear - temporoparietalis muscle (LPC.HP.FCM -> ear-temporoparietalis-muscle): assist the frontal belly in drawing the epicranial aponeurosis towards the front of the cranium
Connectivity
(generated)
Inbound Region Connections:
| Source Area | Source Region | Source Name | Type | Reference |
| LPC | LPC.HP.FCM | Facial Motor Nucleus | ear-anterior-auricular-muscle | (unknown reference) |
| LPC.HP.PTP.TRM | Trigeminal Motor Nucleus | ear-tensor-tympani-muscle | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC.MM.SOC | Superior Olivary Complex | ear-outer-hair-cells | Five Parallel Auditory Pathways (VNTB -> Cochlea) |
Outbound Region Connections:
| Target Area | Target Region | Target Name | Type | Reference |
| LPC | LPC.PN.SG.CVB | Vestibular Ganglion - Semicircular Canal Neurons | ear-semicircular-canals | (unknown reference) |
| LPC.PN.SG.GNG | Geniculate Ganglion | ear-somatic | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC.PN.SG.JUG | Jugular Ganglion | ear-visceral | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC.PN.SG.PET | Petrosal Ganglion | ear-timpanic-cavity | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC.PN.SG.SP | Spiral Ganglion | ear-inner-hair-cells | Auditory System Model (Ear -> CochleaGanglion) | |
| LPC.PN.SG.SVB | Vestibular Ganglion - Saccule Neurons | ear-saccule | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC.PN.SG.TRG | Trigeminal Ganglion | ear-acoustic-meatus-skin | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC.PN.SG.UDRG | Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion | ear-external-skin | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC.PN.SG.UVB | Vestibular Ganglion - Utricle Neurons | ear-utricle | (unknown reference) |
Thirdparty Circuits
(generated)
References
(generated)
