MindTractsAT

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Biological Mind Tracts

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This page is intended to describe set of ascending tracts

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Tract Details

(generated)

TRACT SET: *Ascending Tracts*

unavailable 

* [ALS]: *anterolateral system*; conveys pain, temperature (protopathic sensation), and crude touch from the periphery to the brain
  • [PSTS]: *paleospinothalamic system*; transmits pain mainly from the peripheral slow-chronic type C pain fibers; transmits information to thalamus about pain, temperature, itch and crude touch (conscious; cervical-anterior-toward-contralateral, thoracic, lumbar, sacral-lateral slices)
* [ASTT]: *anterior spinothalamic tract* (anterolateral tract); pain, temperature, light touch (tactile sensibility), two-point discrimination, stereognosis; path: {skin - slow pain, temperature, slightly tactile} -> {BA 3,1,2}
 * unavailable
 * path *ASTTL*: lower slightly tactile (head and body MD,MC,PC,HF receptors to S1); FIBERS={C-sensory}, ENDINGS={SFN}: Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG -> BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_LSG Lower Substantia Gelatinosa,LPC.SC.PH.LSG -> BrainRegionNSA_FD_TH_VPL Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus,NSA.FD.TH.VPL -> BrainRegionNSA_NC_PG_S1 Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NSA.NC.PG.S1
 * path *ASTTU*: upper slightly tactile (head and body MD,MC,PC,HF receptors to S1); FIBERS={C-sensory}, ENDINGS={SFN}: Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_USG Upper Substantia Gelatinosa,LPC.SC.PH.USG -> BrainRegionNSA_FD_TH_VPL Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus,NSA.FD.TH.VPL -> BrainRegionNSA_NC_PG_S1 Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NSA.NC.PG.S1
* [LSTT]: *lateral spinothalamic tract*; pain, temperature; path: {body pain, temperature, crude touch} -> {BA 3,1,2}
 * unavailable
 * path *LSTT.MD*: lower body pain, temperature for reward (pain to frontal lobe); FIBERS={C-sensory}, ENDINGS={SFN}: Lower Substantia Gelatinosa,LPC.SC.PH.LSG -> Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FCA.FD.TH.MD (BrainRegionNDM_FD_TH_MDM Medial Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,NDM.FD.TH.MDM, BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_MDC Central Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,NCP.FD.TH.MDC, BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_MDL Lateral Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,NMA.FD.TH.MDL) -> BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DACG Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area,NDM.NC.AL.DACG
 * path *LSTT.UMD*: upper body pain, temperature for reward (pain to frontal lobe); FIBERS={C-sensory}, ENDINGS={SFN}: Upper Substantia Gelatinosa,LPC.SC.PH.USG -> Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FCA.FD.TH.MD (BrainRegionNDM_FD_TH_MDM Medial Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,NDM.FD.TH.MDM, BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_MDC Central Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,NCP.FD.TH.MDC, BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_MDL Lateral Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,NMA.FD.TH.MDL) -> BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DACG Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area,NDM.NC.AL.DACG
 * path *LSTTL*: lower body pain, temperature (head and body FN,RC receptors to marginal nucleus); FIBERS={A-delta-sensory}, ENDINGS={SAD}: Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_UMG Upper Marginal Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.UMG
 * path *LSTTL.VPI*: lower body pain, temperature for emotion (pain to insula); FIBERS={A-delta-sensory}, ENDINGS={SAD}: Lower Marginal Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.LMG -> BrainRegionNSA_FD_TH_VPI Ventral Posteroinferior Nucleus,NSA.FD.TH.VPI -> BrainRegionNCP_NC_INS_PIC Posterior Insular Cortex,NCP.NC.INS.PIC
 * path *LSTTU*: upper body pain, temperature (head and body FN,RC receptors to marginal nucleus); FIBERS={A-delta-sensory}, ENDINGS={SAD}: Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_UMG Upper Marginal Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.UMG
 * path *LSTTU.VPI*: upper body pain, temperature for emotion (pain to insula); FIBERS={A-delta-sensory}, ENDINGS={SAD}: Upper Marginal Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.UMG -> BrainRegionNSA_FD_TH_VPI Ventral Posteroinferior Nucleus,NSA.FD.TH.VPI -> BrainRegionNCP_NC_INS_PIC Posterior Insular Cortex,NCP.NC.INS.PIC
* [LST]: *tract of Lissauer* (fasciculus of Lissauer, tract/zone of Lissauer, dorsolateral fasciculus, posterolateract tract, dorsolateral tract); fast pain; intraspinal, discriminative pain and temperature information - location, intensity and quality (pain duration equals to stimulus duration; joins spinothalamic tract); path: {A-delta pain fibers} -> {to neocortex BA 3b}
 * path *DLF.VPL*: from medial LSN; joins fasciculus gracilis; initial sharp localization of pain (lower body to neocortex BA 3b); FIBERS={A-delta-sensory}, ENDINGS={SFN}: Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN -> BrainRegionLPC_HM_GR Gracile Nucleus,LPC.HM.GR -> BrainRegionNSA_FD_TH_VPL Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus,NSA.FD.TH.VPL -> BrainRegionNSA_NC_PG_S1 Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NSA.NC.PG.S1
 * path *DLF.VPM*: from lateral LSN; joins fasciculus cuneatus; initial sharp localization of pain (upper body to neocortex BA 3b); FIBERS={A-delta-sensory}, ENDINGS={SFN}: Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN -> BrainRegionLPC_HM_CU Cuneate Nucleus,LPC.HM.CU -> BrainRegionNSA_FD_TH_VPM Ventral Posteromedial Nucleus,NSA.FD.TH.VPM -> BrainRegionNSA_NC_PG_S1 Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NSA.NC.PG.S1
 * path *DLFL*: lower autonomic and homeostatic functions, initial sharp localization of pain (lower body to hypothalamus and neocortex); FIBERS={A-delta-sensory}, ENDINGS={SFN}: Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG -> BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_LMG Lower Marginal Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.LMG -> BrainRegionLAC_SC_LH_LSN Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN
 * path *DLFU*: upper autonomic and homeostatic functions, initial sharp localization of pain (upper body to hypothalamus and neocortex); FIBERS={A-delta-sensory}, ENDINGS={SFN}: Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_UMG Upper Marginal Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.UMG -> BrainRegionLAC_SC_LH_LSN Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN
  • TRACT SLS: *spinolimbic system*; connect spinal cord with limbic structures
* [SHTT]: *spinohypothalamic tract*; provide nociceptive information to a variety of nuclei throughout the diencephalon and brainstem bilaterally (nociception integration, from C-fibers innervating muscles); path: {body pain, temperature} -> {hypothalamus}
 * unavailable
 * path *SHT.HT.AHT*: affect appetite, autonomic and homeostatic functions, and related motivational and affective responses to autonomic function (pain fibers to anterior hypothalamus); FIBERS={C-sensory}, ENDINGS={SFN}: Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN -> BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_AH Anterior Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.AH
 * path *SHT.HT.DM*: affect blood pressure, heart rate (pain fibers to dorsomedial nucleus); FIBERS={C-sensory}, ENDINGS={SFN}: Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN -> BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_DM Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.DM
 * path *SHT.HT.LT*: affect thirst and hunger (pain fibers to lateral nucleus); FIBERS={C-sensory}, ENDINGS={SFN}: Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN -> Lateral Hypothalamic Area,HTA.FD.HT.LT (BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_LTN Lateral Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.LTN, BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_SUM Supramammillary Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.SUM, BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_TBM Tuberomammillary Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.TBM, BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_PRM Premammillary Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.PRM)
 * path *SHT.HT.SCN*: affect 24-hour rhythms (pain fibers to anterior hypothalamus); FIBERS={C-sensory}, ENDINGS={SFN}: Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN -> BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_SCN Suprachiasmatic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.SCN
 * path *SHT.HT.SO*: affect blood volume or blood pressure  (pain fibers to anterior hypothalamus); FIBERS={C-sensory}, ENDINGS={SFN}: Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN -> BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_SO Supraoptic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.SO
 * path *SHT.LLSN*: lower pain, temperature for ANS (lower pain fibers to spinal integrator LSN); FIBERS={C-sensory}, ENDINGS={SFN}: Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG -> BrainRegionLAC_SC_LH_LSN Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN
 * path *SHT.ULSN*: upper pain, temperature for ANS (upper pain fibers to spinal integrator LSN); FIBERS={C-sensory}, ENDINGS={SFN}: Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> BrainRegionLAC_SC_LH_LSN Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN
* [SMST]: *spinomesencephalic tract*; ascending pain and temperature fibers of the spinothalamic tract also send information to the PAG; path: {MG nucleus} -> {PAG, MRF}
 * unavailable
 * path *SMT.LPAG*: initiates pain inhibition (activates enkephalin-releasing neurons that project to raphe nuclei, descending to inhibitory interneurons located in Laminae II); FIBERS={A-delta-sensory}, ENDINGS={SAD}: Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG -> BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_LMG Lower Marginal Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.LMG -> BrainRegionLMC_MM_PAG Periaqueductal Gray Matter,LMC.MM.PAG
 * path *SMT.UPAG*: initiates pain inhibition (activates enkephalin-releasing neurons that project to raphe nuclei, descending to inhibitory interneurons located in Laminae II); FIBERS={A-delta-sensory}, ENDINGS={SAD}: Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_UMG Upper Marginal Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.UMG -> BrainRegionLMC_MM_PAG Periaqueductal Gray Matter,LMC.MM.PAG
* [SST]: *spinosolitary tract*; central transmission of visceronoceptive messages (visceronociception, short-latency nociceptive input); path: {body pain, temperature} -> {solitary nucleus}
 * path *SST*: autonomic regulation of of stress response to painful visceral stimuli (pain fibers to solitary nucleus to parabrachial nucleus); FIBERS={C-sensory}, ENDINGS={SFN}: Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN -> BrainRegionLPC_HM_SOL Solitary Nucleus,LPC.HM.SOL -> BrainRegionLPC_HP_PB Parabrachial Nucleus,LPC.HP.PB
 * path *SST.LLSN*: pain, temperature for ANS (pain fibers to spinal integrator LSN); FIBERS={C-sensory}, ENDINGS={SFN}: Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG -> BrainRegionLAC_SC_LH_LSN Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN
 * path *SST.ULSN*: pain, temperature for ANS (pain fibers to spinal integrator LSN); FIBERS={C-sensory}, ENDINGS={SFN}: Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> BrainRegionLAC_SC_LH_LSN Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN
  • [SRS]: *spinoreticular system*; automatic responses to pain
* TRACT SMRT: *spinomedulloreticular tract*; automatic responses to pain; path: {visceral pain} -> {MRF, entire cortex}
 * unavailable
 * path *SRT.MEDL*: lower automatic responses to pain; attentional and alerting mechanisms (lower viceral pain to spinal cord to medullary reticular formation; visceral and somatic pain to MRF); FIBERS={A-delta-sensory}, ENDINGS={SAD}: Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG -> BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_IMM Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM -> BrainRegionLRC_HM_RF_MED Central Medullary Reticular Nucleus,LRC.HM.RF.MED
 * path *SRT.MEDU*: upper automatic responses to pain; attentional and alerting mechanisms (upper viceral pain to spinal cord to medullary reticular formation; visceral and somatic pain to MRF); FIBERS={A-delta-sensory}, ENDINGS={SAD}: Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_IMM Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM -> BrainRegionLRC_HM_RF_MED Central Medullary Reticular Nucleus,LRC.HM.RF.MED
* TRACT SPRT: *spinopontoreticular tract*; automatic responses to pain; path: {visceral pain} -> {MRF, entire cortex}
 * unavailable
 * path *SRT.LVA*: exerts excitatory influence predominantly on pontine reticular nuclei to facilitate contraction of extensor muscles of limb and trunk (lower crude touch/vibration to spinal cord to pontine reticular formation to thalamus; utilizes four levels of neurons); FIBERS={A-delta-sensory}, ENDINGS={SPC}: Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_IMM Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM -> Pontine Reticular Formation, Medial Column,HP.RF.MED (BrainRegionLRC_HP_PRF_RPO Oral Pontine Reticular Nucleus,LRC.HP.PRF.RPO, BrainRegionLRC_HP_PRF_CRF Caudal Pontine Reticular Nucleus,LRC.HP.PRF.CRF, BrainRegionLMC_HP_LC Locus Coeruleus,LMC.HP.LC, BrainRegionLRC_HP_PRF_PVR Parvocellular Reticular Nucleus,LRC.HP.PRF.PVR) -> BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VA Ventral Anterior Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VA
 * path *SRT.UVA*: exerts excitatory influence predominantly on pontine reticular nuclei to facilitate contraction of extensor muscles of limb and trunk (upper crude touch/vibration to spinal cord to pontine reticular formation to thalamus; utilizes four levels of neurons); FIBERS={A-delta-sensory}, ENDINGS={SPC}: Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG -> BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_IMM Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM -> Pontine Reticular Formation, Medial Column,HP.RF.MED (BrainRegionLRC_HP_PRF_RPO Oral Pontine Reticular Nucleus,LRC.HP.PRF.RPO, BrainRegionLRC_HP_PRF_CRF Caudal Pontine Reticular Nucleus,LRC.HP.PRF.CRF, BrainRegionLMC_HP_LC Locus Coeruleus,LMC.HP.LC, BrainRegionLRC_HP_PRF_PVR Parvocellular Reticular Nucleus,LRC.HP.PRF.PVR) -> BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VA Ventral Anterior Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VA
* [STCT]: *spinotectal tract*; spinovisual reflexes; head/eye movement toward stimulus source (arises in the anterolateral column); path: {free nerve endings; crude touch, temperature, pain} -> {inferior and superior colliculi}
 * path *STCT*: Head and eye attention to non-visual stimuli (crude touch to nucleus proprius to superior colliculus); FIBERS={C-sensory}, ENDINGS={SFN}: Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_NP Proprius Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.NP -> BrainRegionLRC_MM_SC_DEEP Deep Superior Colliculus,LRC.MM.SC.DEEP
  • [TTS]: *trigeminothalamic system* (neospinothalamic tract); all somatosensory submodalities from head
* unavailable
* [ATTT]: *anterior trigeminothalamic tract* (ventral trigeminothalamic tract); awareness of the exact location of the painful stimulus; pain, temperature, and crude touch pathway; path: {face, head and neck} -> {SI - BA 1,2}
 * path *TTT.GNG*: nociceptors (nociceptors of cranial nerves VII to spinal trigeminal nucleus); FIBERS={A-delta-sensory}, ENDINGS={SFN}: Geniculate Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.GNG -> BrainRegionLPC_HM_TGM_STR Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HM.TGM.STR
 * path *TTT.JUG*: nociceptors (nociceptors of cranial nerves IX,X to spinal trigeminal nucleus); FIBERS={A-delta-sensory}, ENDINGS={SFN}: Jugular Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.JUG -> BrainRegionLPC_HM_TGM_STR Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HM.TGM.STR
 * path *TTT.NOD*: nociceptors (nociceptors of cranial nerves X to spinal trigeminal nucleus); FIBERS={A-delta-sensory}, ENDINGS={SFN}: Nodose Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.NOD -> BrainRegionLPC_HM_TGM_STR Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HM.TGM.STR
 * path *TTT.TRG*: nociceptors (head, face and intraoral structures nociceptors to spinal trigeminal nucleus); FIBERS={A-delta-sensory}, ENDINGS={SFN}: Trigeminal Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.TRG -> BrainRegionLPC_HM_TGM_STR Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HM.TGM.STR
 * path *TTT.VPM*: nociceptors (spinal trigeminal nucleus to S1); FIBERS={A-delta-sensory}, ENDINGS={SFN}: Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HM.TGM.STR -> BrainRegionNSA_FD_TH_VPM Ventral Posteromedial Nucleus,NSA.FD.TH.VPM -> BrainRegionNSA_NC_PG_S1 Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NSA.NC.PG.S1
* [DTTT]: *dorsal trigeminal tract* (dorsal trigeminothalamic tract, lemniscus); immediate awareness of a painful sensation; pressure and tactile discrimination sensation; path: {head MC,PC} -> {SII - BA 40,43}
 * path *DTT*: face dull, burning pain, deep, aching pain, temperature and crude touch (head, face and intraoral structures to Precentral Cortex); FIBERS={C-sensory}, ENDINGS={SFN}: Trigeminal Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.TRG -> BrainRegionLPC_HP_PTP_PTR Principal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HP.PTP.PTR
 * path *DTT.MD*: pain, temperature for reward (marginal nucleus to frontal lobe); FIBERS={C-sensory}, ENDINGS={SFN}: Principal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HP.PTP.PTR -> Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FCA.FD.TH.MD (BrainRegionNDM_FD_TH_MDM Medial Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,NDM.FD.TH.MDM, BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_MDC Central Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,NCP.FD.TH.MDC, BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_MDL Lateral Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,NMA.FD.TH.MDL) -> BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DACG Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area,NDM.NC.AL.DACG
 * path *DTT.PF*: face dull, burning pain, deep, aching pain, temperature and crude touch (head, face and intraoral structures to Precentral Cortex); FIBERS={C-sensory}, ENDINGS={SFN}: Principal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HP.PTP.PTR -> BrainRegionFEC_FD_TH_PF Parafascicular Nucleus of Thalamus,FEC.FD.TH.PF -> BrainRegionNSA_NC_PO_PCC Precentral Cortex,NSA.NC.PO.PCC
 * path *DTT.VPI*: pain, temperature for emotion (marginal nucleus to insula); FIBERS={C-sensory}, ENDINGS={SFN}: Principal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HP.PTP.PTR -> BrainRegionNSA_FD_TH_VPI Ventral Posteroinferior Nucleus,NSA.FD.TH.VPI -> BrainRegionNCP_NC_INS_PIC Posterior Insular Cortex,NCP.NC.INS.PIC
* [MLS]: *medial lemniscus system*; transmits touch, vibration sense, proprioception data
  • unavailable
  • [PCS]: *posterior column system* (dorsal column, Reils band, Reils ribbon); two point discrimination (fine touch, fine pressure - MC), pressure (deep receptors - PC), vibration (PC), conscious proprioception (MS) (alpha/beta mechanoreceptors, conscious; discrimination of those sensations that an animal must explore actively)
* unavailable
* [FCT]: *fasciculus cuneatus tract* (tract of Burdach); upper body well-localized discriminative proprioception, fine touch (muscle afferents and cutaneous mechanoreceptors (C1-T6 dermatomes); thoracic-toward-contralateral and cervical slices); path: {upper trunk, forelimb deep structures and skin} -> {neocortex BA 3b, lateral}
 * path *PCT.CUL*: conscious sensations of neck, trunk, and extremities (neck (C4), trunk (T1-T6), and extremities - arms (C5-T2) to S1 lateral); FIBERS={A-beta}, ENDINGS={SMC,SPC,SHF}: Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> BrainRegionLPC_HM_CU Cuneate Nucleus,LPC.HM.CU -> BrainRegionNSA_FD_TH_VPL Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus,NSA.FD.TH.VPL -> BrainRegionNSA_NC_PG_S1 Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NSA.NC.PG.S1
 * path *PCT.CUM*: conscious sensations of head (geniohyoid (C1), head top (C2), head back above neck (C3) to S1 medial); FIBERS={A-alpha-Ia; A-beta}, ENDINGS={SMC,SPC,SHF}: Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> BrainRegionLPC_HM_CU Cuneate Nucleus,LPC.HM.CU -> BrainRegionNSA_FD_TH_VPM Ventral Posteromedial Nucleus,NSA.FD.TH.VPM -> BrainRegionNSA_NC_PG_S1 Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NSA.NC.PG.S1
* [FGT]: *fasciculus gracilis tract* (tract of Goll); lower body well-localized discriminative fine touch (sacral-toward-contralateral and lumbar slices; mostly cutaneous (proprioception via CLN)); path: {lower body, muscle afferents} -> {somatosensory cortex}
 * path *PCT.GRL*: epicritic, kinesthetic, and conscious proprioceptive information from lower body (receptors of thoracic and lower limbs, T7-CX to neocortex BA 3b, medial); FIBERS={A-beta}, ENDINGS={SMS,SPC}: Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG -> BrainRegionLPC_HM_GR Gracile Nucleus,LPC.HM.GR -> BrainRegionNSA_FD_TH_VPL Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus,NSA.FD.TH.VPL -> BrainRegionNSA_NC_PG_S1 Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NSA.NC.PG.S1
  • [SCVT]: *spinocervical tract* (Morin's tract); static position, Ruffini endings (thoracic-toward-contralateral and cervical slices); path: {receptors of thoracic and lower limbs, T7-CX} -> {somatosensory cortex}
* unavailable
* path *SCVT*: tactile/pressure pathway from the spinal cord to sensory cortex (tactile/pressure to S1); FIBERS={A-alpha; A-beta}, ENDINGS={SRC}: Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG -> BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_NP Proprius Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.NP -> BrainRegionLPC_SC_LH_LCV Lateral Cervical Nucleus,LPC.SC.LH.LCV
* path *SCVT.PAG*: alerts about presence of cutaneous stimuli that might represent danger, necessitating flight (cutaneous stimuli to PAG); FIBERS={A-alpha; A-beta}, ENDINGS={SRC}: Lateral Cervical Nucleus,LPC.SC.LH.LCV -> BrainRegionLMC_MM_PAG Periaqueductal Gray Matter,LMC.MM.PAG
* path *SCVT.VPL*: four-neuron, fast-conducting, tactile/pressure pathway from the spinal cord to sensory cortex (tactile/pressure to S1); FIBERS={A-alpha; A-beta}, ENDINGS={SRC}: Lateral Cervical Nucleus,LPC.SC.LH.LCV -> BrainRegionNSA_FD_TH_VPL Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus,NSA.FD.TH.VPL -> BrainRegionNSA_NC_PG_S1 Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NSA.NC.PG.S1
* [SCS]: *spinocerebellar system*; spinal cord to cerebellum
  • TRACT DSCS: *direct spinocerebellar system*; spinal cord nuclei to cerebellum (lower are dorsal and ventral SC tracts; upper are cuneocerebellar and rostral spinocerebellar tract)
* unavailable
* [CSCT]: *cuneocerebellar tract*; relay information about limb position and movement to the cerebellum (upper extremity equivalent of Clarkes column to CR tract - posterior spinocerebellar tract); path: {proprioceptive/fine touch/vibration, C1-C7} -> {cerebellum, vermis and paravermis of the ipsilateral posterior lobe}
 * unavailable
 * path *CSCT*: proprioceptive and exteroceptive information (upper limb muscles to accessory cuneate nucleus to cerebellum); FIBERS={A-alpha-Ib-sensory; A-beta-sensory}, ENDINGS={SMS,SGT,SRC,SMD}: Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> BrainRegionLPC_HM_ACU Accessory Cuneate Nucleus,LPC.HM.ACU -> Cerebellum,LLC.HP.CR (BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_CC Cerebrocerebellum,LLC.HP.CR.CC, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_SC Spinocerebellum,LLC.HP.CR.SC, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_VC Vestibulocerebellum,LLC.HP.CR.VC, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_DN Dentate Nucleus,LLC.HP.CR.DN, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_EN Emboliform Nucleus,LLC.HP.CR.EN, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_GN Globose Nucleus,LLC.HP.CR.GN, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_FN Fastigual Nucleus,LLC.HP.CR.FN)
* [DSCT]: *dorsal spinocerebellar tract* (posterior spinocerebellar tract, Flechsigs tract); conveys proprioceptive information from proprioceptors in the skeletal muscles and joints to the cerebellum (ipsilateral, proprioceptive and tactile information); path: {neuromuscular spindles and Golgi tendon organs, joint receptors, cutaneous receptors, lower limbs, below L3} -> {cerebellum, mainly ipsilateral anterior lobe}
 * path *DSCTL*: proprioceptive and exteroceptive information (lower limb muscles to clarkes nucleus to cerebellum); FIBERS={A-alpha-Ib-sensory; A-beta-sensory}, ENDINGS={SMS,SGT,SRC,SMD}: Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG -> BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_CL Clarke Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.CL -> Cerebellum,LLC.HP.CR (BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_CC Cerebrocerebellum,LLC.HP.CR.CC, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_SC Spinocerebellum,LLC.HP.CR.SC, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_VC Vestibulocerebellum,LLC.HP.CR.VC, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_DN Dentate Nucleus,LLC.HP.CR.DN, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_EN Emboliform Nucleus,LLC.HP.CR.EN, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_GN Globose Nucleus,LLC.HP.CR.GN, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_FN Fastigual Nucleus,LLC.HP.CR.FN)
 * path *DSCTU*: proprioceptive and exteroceptive information (lower limb muscles to clarkes nucleus to cerebellum); FIBERS={A-alpha-Ib-sensory; A-beta-sensory}, ENDINGS={SMS,SGT,SRC,SMD}: Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_CL Clarke Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.CL -> Cerebellum,LLC.HP.CR (BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_CC Cerebrocerebellum,LLC.HP.CR.CC, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_SC Spinocerebellum,LLC.HP.CR.SC, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_VC Vestibulocerebellum,LLC.HP.CR.VC, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_DN Dentate Nucleus,LLC.HP.CR.DN, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_EN Emboliform Nucleus,LLC.HP.CR.EN, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_GN Globose Nucleus,LLC.HP.CR.GN, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_FN Fastigual Nucleus,LLC.HP.CR.FN)
* [RSCT]: *rostral spinocerebellar tract*; transmits information from the golgi tendon organs of the cranial half of the body to the cerebellum (upper extremity equivalent of ventral spinocerebellar tract); path: {proprioceptive/fine touch/vibration, C1-C7} -> {cerebellum, anterior lobe}
 * unavailable
 * path *RSCT*: proprioceptive information (upper limb muscles to centrobasalis nucleus to cerebellum); FIBERS={A-alpha-Ib-sensory}, ENDINGS={SGT}: Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> BrainRegionLLC_SC_IZ_CCV Central Cervical Nucleus,LLC.SC.IZ.CCV -> Cerebellum,LLC.HP.CR (BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_CC Cerebrocerebellum,LLC.HP.CR.CC, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_SC Spinocerebellum,LLC.HP.CR.SC, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_VC Vestibulocerebellum,LLC.HP.CR.VC, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_DN Dentate Nucleus,LLC.HP.CR.DN, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_EN Emboliform Nucleus,LLC.HP.CR.EN, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_GN Globose Nucleus,LLC.HP.CR.GN, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_FN Fastigual Nucleus,LLC.HP.CR.FN)
* [VSCT]: *ventral spinocerebellar tract* (anterior spinocerebellar tract, Gowers tract); conveys information about postural stability of the lower limbs to cerebellum (bilaterally, double cross, proprioceptive/fine touch/vibration; from nucleus proprius); path: {neuromuscular spindles and Golgi tendon organs, trunk, C8-L3} -> {cerebellum}
 * unavailable
 * path *VSCTL*: proprioceptive information (body muscles to intermediomedial nucleus to cerebellum); FIBERS={A-alpha-Ib-sensory}, ENDINGS={SMS,SGT}: Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG -> BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_IMM Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM -> Cerebellum,LLC.HP.CR (BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_CC Cerebrocerebellum,LLC.HP.CR.CC, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_SC Spinocerebellum,LLC.HP.CR.SC, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_VC Vestibulocerebellum,LLC.HP.CR.VC, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_DN Dentate Nucleus,LLC.HP.CR.DN, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_EN Emboliform Nucleus,LLC.HP.CR.EN, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_GN Globose Nucleus,LLC.HP.CR.GN, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_FN Fastigual Nucleus,LLC.HP.CR.FN)
 * path *VSCTU*: proprioceptive information (body muscles to intermediomedial nucleus to cerebellum); FIBERS={A-alpha-Ib-sensory}, ENDINGS={SMS,SGT}: Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_IMM Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM -> Cerebellum,LLC.HP.CR (BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_CC Cerebrocerebellum,LLC.HP.CR.CC, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_SC Spinocerebellum,LLC.HP.CR.SC, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_VC Vestibulocerebellum,LLC.HP.CR.VC, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_DN Dentate Nucleus,LLC.HP.CR.DN, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_EN Emboliform Nucleus,LLC.HP.CR.EN, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_GN Globose Nucleus,LLC.HP.CR.GN, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_FN Fastigual Nucleus,LLC.HP.CR.FN)
  • TRACT SMTS: *spinometencephalic system*; spinal cord to intermediate nucleus to cerebellum
* unavailable
* [SOT]: *spinoolivary tract* (Helwegs tract); automatic movements of head, neck and upper limb; path: {proprioception information from muscles and tendons, cutaneous impulses} -> {cerebellum}
 * path *SOT.CCV*: cutaneous information to cerebellum (skin mechanoreceptors to inferior olivary nucleus to cerebellum); FIBERS={A-alpha-Ia-sensory}, ENDINGS={SMC,SMD}: Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> BrainRegionLLC_SC_IZ_CCV Central Cervical Nucleus,LLC.SC.IZ.CCV -> BrainRegionLLC_HM_IO Inferior Olivary Nucleus,LLC.HM.IO -> Cerebellum,LLC.HP.CR (BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_CC Cerebrocerebellum,LLC.HP.CR.CC, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_SC Spinocerebellum,LLC.HP.CR.SC, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_VC Vestibulocerebellum,LLC.HP.CR.VC, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_DN Dentate Nucleus,LLC.HP.CR.DN, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_EN Emboliform Nucleus,LLC.HP.CR.EN, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_GN Globose Nucleus,LLC.HP.CR.GN, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_FN Fastigual Nucleus,LLC.HP.CR.FN)
 * path *SOT.NPR*: proprioception to cerebellum (muscle spindles and Golgi tendons to inferior olivary nucleus to cerebellum); FIBERS={A-alpha-Ib-sensory}, ENDINGS={SGT,SMS}: Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_NP Proprius Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.NP -> BrainRegionLLC_HM_IO Inferior Olivary Nucleus,LLC.HM.IO -> Cerebellum,LLC.HP.CR (BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_CC Cerebrocerebellum,LLC.HP.CR.CC, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_SC Spinocerebellum,LLC.HP.CR.SC, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_VC Vestibulocerebellum,LLC.HP.CR.VC, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_DN Dentate Nucleus,LLC.HP.CR.DN, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_EN Emboliform Nucleus,LLC.HP.CR.EN, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_GN Globose Nucleus,LLC.HP.CR.GN, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_FN Fastigual Nucleus,LLC.HP.CR.FN)
* [SVT]: *spinovestibular tract*; information from cutaneous and proprioceptive organs to CR; path: {proprioception information from muscles and tendons, cutaneous impulses} -> {cerebellum}
 * path *SVT.CCV*: cutaneous information to cerebellum (skin mechanoreceptors to vestibular nucleus to cerebellum; C1-C4); FIBERS={A-alpha-Ia-sensory}, ENDINGS={SMC,SMD}: Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> BrainRegionLLC_SC_IZ_CCV Central Cervical Nucleus,LLC.SC.IZ.CCV -> BrainRegionLPC_HP_IVBN Inferior Vestibular Nuclei,LPC.HP.IVBN -> Cerebellum,LLC.HP.CR (BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_CC Cerebrocerebellum,LLC.HP.CR.CC, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_SC Spinocerebellum,LLC.HP.CR.SC, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_VC Vestibulocerebellum,LLC.HP.CR.VC, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_DN Dentate Nucleus,LLC.HP.CR.DN, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_EN Emboliform Nucleus,LLC.HP.CR.EN, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_GN Globose Nucleus,LLC.HP.CR.GN, BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_FN Fastigual Nucleus,LLC.HP.CR.FN)
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