Difference between revisions of "BrainRegionTARGET TSA EAR"
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| − | <pre style="color: green">Ear | + | <pre style="color: green">Ear</pre> |
| − | </pre> | + | |
@@[[Home]] -> [[BiologicalLifeResearch]] -> [[BrainAreaTSA]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TSA_EAR]] | @@[[Home]] -> [[BiologicalLifeResearch]] -> [[BrainAreaTSA]] -> [[BrainRegionTARGET_TSA_EAR]] | ||
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Region is part of aHuman target integrated biological model. | Region is part of aHuman target integrated biological model. | ||
| − | * | + | * '''Top-down path to region''': Target -> Human Sensors (aHumanSensors) -> Ear (TARGET.TSA.EAR) (see [[OverallMindMaps|Mind Maps]]) |
| − | * | + | * '''Type''': sensor |
| − | * | + | * '''Brain area''': [[BrainAreaTSA|Sensor Area]] |
| − | * | + | * '''Role''': unknown |
| − | * | + | * '''Function''': Auditory and Vestibular Sensor |
(generated) | (generated) | ||
= Components = | = Components = | ||
| Line 19: | Line 18: | ||
*Component items*: | *Component items*: | ||
| − | * | + | * '''Ear sound sensory data''' ('''ear-sensory-sound-data''') |
| − | + | ** Ear - inner hair cells (ear-inner-hair-cells -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_SP|LPC.PN.SG.SP]]): frequency-aligned tonotopic mapping | |
| − | + | ** Ear - outer hair cells feedback (ear-outer-hair-cells-feedback -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_SP|LPC.PN.SG.SP]]): verifies amplify actions done | |
| − | + | ** Ear - somatic receptors (ear-somatic -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_GNG|LPC.PN.SG.GNG]]): from skin to geniculate ganglion to spinal trigeminal nucleus | |
| − | + | ** Ear - outer ear skin (ear-external-skin -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_UDRG|LPC.PN.SG.UDRG]]): skin over the mastoid process, back of the auricle, lobule and a portion of the scalp | |
| − | + | ** Ear - acoustic meatus skin (ear-acoustic-meatus-skin -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_TRG|LPC.PN.SG.TRG]]): from skin lining external acoustic meatus, and tympanic membrane to trigeminal gangion | |
| − | + | ** Ear - visceral receptors (ear-visceral -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_JUG|LPC.PN.SG.JUG]]): pain, temperature, and touch | |
| − | + | ** Ear - timpanic cavity (ear-timpanic-cavity -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_PET|LPC.PN.SG.PET]]): pain, temperature, and touch | |
| − | * | + | * '''Ear vestibular sensory data''' ('''ear-sensory-vestibular-data''') |
| − | + | ** Ear - semicircular canals, cristae (ear-semicircular-canals -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_CVB|LPC.PN.SG.CVB]]): activate afferent receptors in response to rotational acceleration | |
| − | + | ** Ear - utricle, maculae (ear-utricle -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_UVB|LPC.PN.SG.UVB]]): activate afferent receptors in response to horizontal linear acceleration | |
| − | + | ** Ear - saccule, maculae (ear-saccule -> [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_SVB|LPC.PN.SG.SVB]]): activate afferent receptors in response to vertical linear acceleration | |
| − | * | + | * '''Ear sound sensory control''' ('''ear-sensory-control''') |
| − | + | ** [[http://www.d.umn.edu/~jfitzake/Lectures/UndergradPharmacy/SensoryPhysiology/Audition/OHCFunction.html|Ear - outer hair cells]] ([[BrainRegionLPC_MM_SOC|LPC.MM.SOC]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|ear-outer-hair-cells]]): contracts basilar membrane; mechanically amplify low-level sound that enters cochlea | |
| − | + | ** [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stapedius|Ear - stapedius muscle]] ([[BrainRegionLPC_HP_FCM|LPC.HP.FCM]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|ear-stapedius]]): dampens vibrations of stapes | |
| − | + | ** [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensor_tympani|Ear - tympanic membrane muscle]] ([[BrainRegionLPC_HP_PTP_TRM|LPC.HP.PTP.TRM]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|ear-tensor-tympani-muscle]]): dampen sounds, such as those produced from chewing | |
| − | * | + | * '''Ear move muscles''' ('''ear-move''') |
| − | + | ** [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anterior_auricular_muscle|Ear - anterior auricular muscle]] ([[BrainRegionLPC_HP_FCM|LPC.HP.FCM]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|ear-anterior-auricular-muscle]]): pulls ear forward | |
| − | + | ** [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posterior_auricular_muscle|Ear - posterior auricular muscle]] ([[BrainRegionLPC_HP_FCM|LPC.HP.FCM]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|ear-posterior-auricular-muscle]]): pulls ear backward | |
| − | + | ** [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superior_auricular_muscle|Ear - superior auricular muscle]] ([[BrainRegionLPC_HP_FCM|LPC.HP.FCM]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|ear-superior-auricular-muscle]]): pulls ear upward | |
| − | + | ** [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oblique_muscle_of_auricle|Ear - oblique muscle of auricle]] ([[BrainRegionLPC_HP_FCM|LPC.HP.FCM]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|ear-oblique-auricular-muscle]]): movement of the ears | |
| − | + | ** [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temporoparietalis_muscle|Ear - temporoparietalis muscle]] ([[BrainRegionLPC_HP_FCM|LPC.HP.FCM]] -> [[HumanMusclesHead|ear-temporoparietalis-muscle]]): assist the frontal belly in drawing the epicranial aponeurosis towards the front of the cranium | |
= Connectivity = | = Connectivity = | ||
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*Inbound Region Connections:* | *Inbound Region Connections:* | ||
| − | || | + | || '''Source Area''' || '''Source Region''' || '''Source Name''' || '''Type''' || '''Reference''' || |
| − | || [[BrainAreaLPC|LPC]] || [[BrainRegionLPC_HP_FCM LPC.HP.FCM]] || Facial Motor Nucleus || ear-anterior-auricular-muscle || (unknown reference) || | + | || [[BrainAreaLPC|LPC]] || [[BrainRegionLPC_HP_FCM|LPC.HP.FCM]] || Facial Motor Nucleus || ear-anterior-auricular-muscle || (unknown reference) || |
|| || [[BrainRegionLPC_HP_PTP_TRM|LPC.HP.PTP.TRM]] || Trigeminal Motor Nucleus || ear-tensor-tympani-muscle || (unknown reference) || | || || [[BrainRegionLPC_HP_PTP_TRM|LPC.HP.PTP.TRM]] || Trigeminal Motor Nucleus || ear-tensor-tympani-muscle || (unknown reference) || | ||
| − | || || [[BrainRegionLPC_MM_SOC|LPC.MM.SOC]] || Superior Olivary Complex || ear-outer-hair-cells || [[http://lifeboat.com/ex/law.of.accelerating.returns Five Parallel Auditory Pathways (VNTB -> Cochlea)]] || | + | || || [[BrainRegionLPC_MM_SOC|LPC.MM.SOC]] || Superior Olivary Complex || ear-outer-hair-cells || [[http://lifeboat.com/ex/law.of.accelerating.returns|Five Parallel Auditory Pathways (VNTB -> Cochlea)]] || |
*Outbound Region Connections:* | *Outbound Region Connections:* | ||
| − | || | + | || '''Target Area''' || '''Target Region''' || '''Target Name''' || '''Type''' || '''Reference''' || |
| − | || [[BrainAreaLPC|LPC]] || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_CVB LPC.PN.SG.CVB]] || Vestibular Ganglion - Semicircular Canal Neurons || ear-semicircular-canals || (unknown reference) || | + | || [[BrainAreaLPC|LPC]] || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_CVB|LPC.PN.SG.CVB]] || Vestibular Ganglion - Semicircular Canal Neurons || ear-semicircular-canals || (unknown reference) || |
|| || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_GNG|LPC.PN.SG.GNG]] || Geniculate Ganglion || ear-somatic || (unknown reference) || | || || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_GNG|LPC.PN.SG.GNG]] || Geniculate Ganglion || ear-somatic || (unknown reference) || | ||
|| || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_JUG|LPC.PN.SG.JUG]] || Jugular Ganglion || ear-visceral || (unknown reference) || | || || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_JUG|LPC.PN.SG.JUG]] || Jugular Ganglion || ear-visceral || (unknown reference) || | ||
|| || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_PET|LPC.PN.SG.PET]] || Petrosal Ganglion || ear-timpanic-cavity || (unknown reference) || | || || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_PET|LPC.PN.SG.PET]] || Petrosal Ganglion || ear-timpanic-cavity || (unknown reference) || | ||
| − | || || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_SP|LPC.PN.SG.SP]] || Spiral Ganglion || ear-inner-hair-cells || [[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359644605035427 Auditory System Model (Ear -> CochleaGanglion)]] || | + | || || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_SP|LPC.PN.SG.SP]] || Spiral Ganglion || ear-inner-hair-cells || [[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359644605035427|Auditory System Model (Ear -> CochleaGanglion)]] || |
|| || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_SVB|LPC.PN.SG.SVB]] || Vestibular Ganglion - Saccule Neurons || ear-saccule || (unknown reference) || | || || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_SVB|LPC.PN.SG.SVB]] || Vestibular Ganglion - Saccule Neurons || ear-saccule || (unknown reference) || | ||
|| || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_TRG|LPC.PN.SG.TRG]] || Trigeminal Ganglion || ear-acoustic-meatus-skin || (unknown reference) || | || || [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_TRG|LPC.PN.SG.TRG]] || Trigeminal Ganglion || ear-acoustic-meatus-skin || (unknown reference) || | ||
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(generated) | (generated) | ||
| − | * [[http://lifeboat.com/kurzweil/cochlea.gif|Five Parallel Auditory Pathways]] - see [[http://lifeboat.com/ex/law.of.accelerating.returns Reference]] | + | * [[http://lifeboat.com/kurzweil/cochlea.gif|Five Parallel Auditory Pathways]] - see [[http://lifeboat.com/ex/law.of.accelerating.returns|Reference]] |
<img src="http://lifeboat.com/kurzweil/cochlea.gif" alt="unavailable"> | <img src="http://lifeboat.com/kurzweil/cochlea.gif" alt="unavailable"> | ||
| − | * [[http://ars.sciencedirect.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S1359644605035427-gr1.jpg|Auditory System Model]] - see [[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359644605035427 Reference]] | + | * [[http://ars.sciencedirect.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S1359644605035427-gr1.jpg|Auditory System Model]] - see [[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359644605035427|Reference]] |
<img src="http://ars.sciencedirect.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S1359644605035427-gr1.jpg" alt="unavailable"> | <img src="http://ars.sciencedirect.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S1359644605035427-gr1.jpg" alt="unavailable"> | ||
| − | * [[http://www.benbest.com/science/anatmind/FigVI1.gif|Auditory System in Brain]] - see [[http://www.benbest.com/science/anatmind/anatmd6.html Reference]] | + | * [[http://www.benbest.com/science/anatmind/FigVI1.gif|Auditory System in Brain]] - see [[http://www.benbest.com/science/anatmind/anatmd6.html|Reference]] |
<img src="http://www.benbest.com/science/anatmind/FigVI1.gif" alt="unavailable"> | <img src="http://www.benbest.com/science/anatmind/FigVI1.gif" alt="unavailable"> | ||
Revision as of 10:48, 16 June 2015
Ear
@@Home -> BiologicalLifeResearch -> BrainAreaTSA -> BrainRegionTARGET_TSA_EAR
This page covers biological details of component Ear. Region is part of aHuman target integrated biological model.
- Top-down path to region: Target -> Human Sensors (aHumanSensors) -> Ear (TARGET.TSA.EAR) (see Mind Maps)
- Type: sensor
- Brain area: Sensor Area
- Role: unknown
- Function: Auditory and Vestibular Sensor
(generated)
Components
(generated)
- Component items*:
- Ear sound sensory data (ear-sensory-sound-data)
- Ear - inner hair cells (ear-inner-hair-cells -> LPC.PN.SG.SP): frequency-aligned tonotopic mapping
- Ear - outer hair cells feedback (ear-outer-hair-cells-feedback -> LPC.PN.SG.SP): verifies amplify actions done
- Ear - somatic receptors (ear-somatic -> LPC.PN.SG.GNG): from skin to geniculate ganglion to spinal trigeminal nucleus
- Ear - outer ear skin (ear-external-skin -> LPC.PN.SG.UDRG): skin over the mastoid process, back of the auricle, lobule and a portion of the scalp
- Ear - acoustic meatus skin (ear-acoustic-meatus-skin -> LPC.PN.SG.TRG): from skin lining external acoustic meatus, and tympanic membrane to trigeminal gangion
- Ear - visceral receptors (ear-visceral -> LPC.PN.SG.JUG): pain, temperature, and touch
- Ear - timpanic cavity (ear-timpanic-cavity -> LPC.PN.SG.PET): pain, temperature, and touch
- Ear vestibular sensory data (ear-sensory-vestibular-data)
- Ear - semicircular canals, cristae (ear-semicircular-canals -> LPC.PN.SG.CVB): activate afferent receptors in response to rotational acceleration
- Ear - utricle, maculae (ear-utricle -> LPC.PN.SG.UVB): activate afferent receptors in response to horizontal linear acceleration
- Ear - saccule, maculae (ear-saccule -> LPC.PN.SG.SVB): activate afferent receptors in response to vertical linear acceleration
- Ear sound sensory control (ear-sensory-control)
- [- outer hair cells] (LPC.MM.SOC -> ear-outer-hair-cells): contracts basilar membrane; mechanically amplify low-level sound that enters cochlea
- [- stapedius muscle] (LPC.HP.FCM -> ear-stapedius): dampens vibrations of stapes
- [- tympanic membrane muscle] (LPC.HP.PTP.TRM -> ear-tensor-tympani-muscle): dampen sounds, such as those produced from chewing
- Ear move muscles (ear-move)
- [- anterior auricular muscle] (LPC.HP.FCM -> ear-anterior-auricular-muscle): pulls ear forward
- [- posterior auricular muscle] (LPC.HP.FCM -> ear-posterior-auricular-muscle): pulls ear backward
- [- superior auricular muscle] (LPC.HP.FCM -> ear-superior-auricular-muscle): pulls ear upward
- [- oblique muscle of auricle] (LPC.HP.FCM -> ear-oblique-auricular-muscle): movement of the ears
- [- temporoparietalis muscle] (LPC.HP.FCM -> ear-temporoparietalis-muscle): assist the frontal belly in drawing the epicranial aponeurosis towards the front of the cranium
Connectivity
(generated)
- Inbound Region Connections:*
|| Source Area || Source Region || Source Name || Type || Reference || || LPC || LPC.HP.FCM || Facial Motor Nucleus || ear-anterior-auricular-muscle || (unknown reference) || || || LPC.HP.PTP.TRM || Trigeminal Motor Nucleus || ear-tensor-tympani-muscle || (unknown reference) || || || LPC.MM.SOC || Superior Olivary Complex || ear-outer-hair-cells || [Parallel Auditory Pathways (VNTB -> Cochlea)] ||
- Outbound Region Connections:*
|| Target Area || Target Region || Target Name || Type || Reference || || LPC || LPC.PN.SG.CVB || Vestibular Ganglion - Semicircular Canal Neurons || ear-semicircular-canals || (unknown reference) || || || LPC.PN.SG.GNG || Geniculate Ganglion || ear-somatic || (unknown reference) || || || LPC.PN.SG.JUG || Jugular Ganglion || ear-visceral || (unknown reference) || || || LPC.PN.SG.PET || Petrosal Ganglion || ear-timpanic-cavity || (unknown reference) || || || LPC.PN.SG.SP || Spiral Ganglion || ear-inner-hair-cells || [System Model (Ear -> CochleaGanglion)] || || || LPC.PN.SG.SVB || Vestibular Ganglion - Saccule Neurons || ear-saccule || (unknown reference) || || || LPC.PN.SG.TRG || Trigeminal Ganglion || ear-acoustic-meatus-skin || (unknown reference) || || || LPC.PN.SG.UDRG || Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion || ear-external-skin || (unknown reference) || || || LPC.PN.SG.UVB || Vestibular Ganglion - Utricle Neurons || ear-utricle || (unknown reference) ||
Thirdparty Circuits
(generated)
- [Parallel Auditory Pathways] - see [[1]]
- [System Model] - see [[2]]
- [System in Brain] - see [[3]]
References
(generated)
