BrainCenterNC INS

Insular Cortex

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This page covers biological details of component group Insular Cortex. Component group is part of aHuman target integrated biological model.

• Top-down path to center: Cerebral Cortex -> Temporal Lobe (NC.LOBE.TEMP) -> Insular Cortex (NC.INS) (see Mind Maps)
• Function: Visceral representation, pain, habits
• Notes to function: Interoception, merges tactile and auditory streams

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Components

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Component items:

• Posterior Insular Cortex (NCP.NC.INS.PIC): Awareness and sensation of pain
• Anterior Insular Cortex (NCP.NC.INS.AIC): Risky and moral decision making, articulation
• Anterior Temporal Lobe (NCP.NC.INS.HR): Relaying blood pressure and blood chemistry information to brain
• Peripaleocortical Claustral (NCP.NC.INS.PPC): Relays proprioception

Connectivity

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Internal Regions Connections:

Source Region	Target Region	Reference
Posterior Insular Cortex (NCP.NC.INS.PIC)	Anterior Insular Cortex (NCP.NC.INS.AIC)	Gustatory sensory system of rat and macaque (Iav -> IadIap, abstract)
	Peripaleocortical Claustral (NCP.NC.INS.PPC)	Gustatory sensory system of rat and macaque (Iav -> IadIap, abstract)

External Connections:

External Inbound Center Connections:

Source Center	Reference
Central Extended Amygdala (FAM.FT.CEAM)	Gustatory sensory system of rat and macaque (EnP -> Iav, abstract)
Cognitive Thalamus (FD.TH.CR)	Amygdalar disruption of prefrontal cortex (TH -> INS, abstract)
Sensory Thalamus (FD.TH.SR)	Amygdalar disruption of prefrontal cortex (TH -> INS, abstract)
Pontine Reticular Formation (HT.RF)	Gustatory sensory system of rat and macaque (PB -> Gud, abstract)
Rhinal Cortex (NC.PHA.RH)	Gustatory sensory system of rat and macaque (PiR -> Iav, abstract)
Superior Parietal Lobule (NC.SPL)	(unknown reference)
Superior Temporal Gyrus (NC.STG)	Directed Effort Network (tPole -> Insula, abstract)

External Outbound Center Connections:

Target Center	Reference
Amygdala (FAM.FT.AM)	(unknown reference)
Retrosubicular Area (FMM.NC.PHA.RS)	(unknown reference)
Anterior Cingulate Area (NC.ACG)	Amygdalar disruption of prefrontal cortex (INS -> ACG, abstract)
Lateral Prefrontal Cortex (NC.AL.LPFC)	Directed Effort Network (Insula -> fPole, abstract)
Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex (NC.AL.OMPFC)	Amygdalar disruption of prefrontal cortex (INS -> MPFC, abstract)
Rhinal Cortex (NC.PHA.RH)	Gustatory sensory system of rat and macaque (Iav -> PrC, abstract)