Revision as of 10:44, 16 June 2015

Ventral Tegmental Area

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This page covers biological details of component Ventral Tegmental Area. Region is part of aHuman target integrated biological model.

• Top-down path to region: Midbrain Mesencephalon -> Ventral Tegmental Area (LMC.MM.VTA) (see Mind Maps)
• Type: nucleus
• Brain area: Lower Brain - Modulatory Contol Area
• Role: relay
• Function: Respond to novel stimuli, unexpected rewards, and reward predictive sensory cues

(generated)

Components

(generated)

• Component items*:
• Medial Ventral Tegmental Area
• Parabrachial Pigmented Area
• Paranigral Nucleus
• Parafasciculus Retroflexus Area
• Raphe Nucleus Linearis (LMC.HP.RP.LI): Release of 5-HT was only obtained on stimulation of this nucleus
  • Rostral Linear Nucleus

Connectivity

(generated)

• Inbound Region Connections:*

|| Source Area || Source Region || Source Name || Type || Reference || || FAM || FAM.FT.BNST || Bed Nucleus of Stria Terminalis || excitatory-glu || (unknown reference) || || FEC || FEC.FT.ACC.CORE || Nucleus Accumbens Core || inhibitory-gaba || [circuit of human brain (NACC -> VTA, abstract)] || || LMC || LMC.HP.TG.VTG || Ventral Tegmental Nucleus || excitatory-glu || (unknown reference) ||

• Outbound Region Connections:*

|| Target Area || Target Region || Target Name || Type || Reference || || FAM || FAM.FT.AM.CEC || Central Amygdaloid Nucleus, capsular subdivision || modulatory-da || [circuit of human brain (VTA -> AM, abstract)] || || FEC || FEC.FT.ACC.SH || Nucleus Accumbens Shell || modulatory-da || [(VTA -> NACC, abstract)] || || FMM || FMM.FD.MB.MMB || Medial Mammillary Nucleus || modulatory-da || [bodies: two memory systems in one (VTN -> MMB)] || || || FMM.FT.HC.CA1D || Distal CA1 of Hippocampus || modulatory-da || [circuit of human brain (VTA -> HC, abstract)] || || || FMM.NC.PH.LEC || Lateral Entorhinal Cortex || modulatory-da || [Novelty, Motivational Salience, and Reward to Control Attention and Learning (VTA -> EC, abstract)] || || LAC || LAC.FD.HT.PO || Preoptic Nucleus || modulatory-da || [and pathophysiology of lower urinary tract (VTA -> MPOA)] || || || LAC.FD.HT.PRM || Premammillary Nucleus || modulatory-da || (unknown reference) || || || LAC.FD.HT.PV || Paraventricular Nucleus || modulatory-da || [and pathophysiology of lower urinary tract (VTA -> PVN)] || || NDM || NDM.NC.AL.DACG || Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area || modulatory-da || (unknown reference) || || || NDM.NC.AL.FPC || Lateral Frontopolar Cortex || modulatory-da || [circuit of human brain (VTA -> PFC, abstract)] ||

Thirdparty Circuits

(generated)

• [of Social Brain] - see [[1]]

• [mammillary nucleus and theta rhythm] - see [[2]]

• [bodies: two memory systems in one] - see [[3]]

• [Novelty, Motivational Salience, and Reward to Control Attention and Learning] - see [[4]]

• [decision-making] - see [[5]]

• [and pathophysiology of lower urinary tract] - see [[6]]

• [circuit of human brain] - see [[7]]

• [Connections] - see [[8]]

• [[9]] - see [[10]]

• [and its network] - see [[11]]

References

(generated)

• http://brmlab.cz/project/brain_hacking/tdcs/pfc
• http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n1/fig_tab/nrn1299_F4.html
• http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n1/fig_tab/nrn1299_F2.html
• http://www.impulsecontroldisorders.org/html/cravings.html
• http://www.springerimages.com/Images/LifeSciences/1-10.1007_s00359-004-0565-9-0
• http://www.intechopen.com/books/computational-intelligence-in-electromyography-analysis-a-perspective-on-current-applications-and-future-challenges/sphincter-emg-for-diagnosing-multiple-system-atrophy-and-related-disorders
• http://neurowiki2012.wikispaces.com/Presynaptic+Mechanisms+of+Synaptic+Plasticity
• http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Habenula
• http://www.surgicalneurologyint.com/article.asp?issn=2152-7806;year=2012;volume=3;issue=2;spage=40;epage=46;aulast=Langevin