BrainRegionLMC MM VTA

Ventral Tegmental Area

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This page covers biological details of component Ventral Tegmental Area. Region is part of aHuman target integrated biological model.

• Top-down path to region: Midbrain Mesencephalon -> Ventral Tegmental Area (LMC.MM.VTA) (see Mind Maps)
• Type: nucleus
• Brain area: Lower Brain - Modulatory Contol Area
• Role: relay
• Function: Respond to novel stimuli, unexpected rewards, and reward predictive sensory cues

(generated)

Components

(generated)

Component items:

• Medial Ventral Tegmental Area
• Parabrachial Pigmented Area
• Paranigral Nucleus
• Parafasciculus Retroflexus Area
• Raphe Nucleus Linearis (LMC.HP.RP.LI): Release of 5-HT was only obtained on stimulation of this nucleus
  • Rostral Linear Nucleus

Connectivity

(generated)

Inbound Region Connections:

Source Area	Source Region	Source Name	Type	Reference
FAM	FAM.FT.BNST	Bed Nucleus of Stria Terminalis	excitatory-glu	(unknown reference)
FEC	FEC.FT.ACC.CORE	Nucleus Accumbens Core	inhibitory-gaba	Reward circuit of human brain (NACC -> VTA, abstract)
LMC	LMC.HP.TG.VTG	Ventral Tegmental Nucleus	excitatory-glu	(unknown reference)

Outbound Region Connections:

Target Area	Target Region	Target Name	Type	Reference
FAM	FAM.FT.AM.CEC	Central Amygdaloid Nucleus, capsular subdivision	modulatory-da	Reward circuit of human brain (VTA -> AM, abstract)
FEC	FEC.FT.ACC.SH	Nucleus Accumbens Shell	modulatory-da	Craving (VTA -> NACC, abstract)
FMM	FMM.FD.MB.MMB	Medial Mammillary Nucleus	modulatory-da	Mammillary bodies: two memory systems in one (VTN -> MMB)
	FMM.FT.HC.CA1D	Distal CA1 of Hippocampus	modulatory-da	Reward circuit of human brain (VTA -> HC, abstract)
	FMM.NC.PH.LEC	Lateral Entorhinal Cortex	modulatory-da	Combining Novelty, Motivational Salience, and Reward to Control Attention and Learning (VTA -> EC, abstract)
LAC	LAC.FD.HT.PO	Preoptic Nucleus	modulatory-da	Physiology and pathophysiology of lower urinary tract (VTA -> MPOA)
	LAC.FD.HT.PRM	Premammillary Nucleus	modulatory-da	(unknown reference)
	LAC.FD.HT.PV	Paraventricular Nucleus	modulatory-da	Physiology and pathophysiology of lower urinary tract (VTA -> PVN)
NDM	NDM.NC.AL.DACG	Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area	modulatory-da	(unknown reference)
	NDM.NC.AL.FPC	Lateral Frontopolar Cortex	modulatory-da	Reward circuit of human brain (VTA -> PFC, abstract)

Thirdparty Circuits

(generated)

• Regulation of Social Brain - see Reference

• Medial mammillary nucleus and theta rhythm - see Reference

• Mammillary bodies: two memory systems in one - see Reference

• Combining Novelty, Motivational Salience, and Reward to Control Attention and Learning - see Reference

• Oculomotor decision-making - see Reference

• Physiology and pathophysiology of lower urinary tract - see Reference

• Reward circuit of human brain - see Reference

• Habenula Connections - see Reference

• Craving - see Reference

• Amygdala and its network - see Reference

References

(generated)

• http://brmlab.cz/project/brain_hacking/tdcs/pfc
• http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n1/fig_tab/nrn1299_F4.html
• http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n1/fig_tab/nrn1299_F2.html
• http://www.impulsecontroldisorders.org/html/cravings.html
• http://www.springerimages.com/Images/LifeSciences/1-10.1007_s00359-004-0565-9-0
• http://www.intechopen.com/books/computational-intelligence-in-electromyography-analysis-a-perspective-on-current-applications-and-future-challenges/sphincter-emg-for-diagnosing-multiple-system-atrophy-and-related-disorders
• http://neurowiki2012.wikispaces.com/Presynaptic+Mechanisms+of+Synaptic+Plasticity
• http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Habenula
• http://www.surgicalneurologyint.com/article.asp?issn=2152-7806;year=2012;volume=3;issue=2;spage=40;epage=46;aulast=Langevin