Difference between revisions of "MindTractsAT"
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<pre style="color: green">Biological Mind Tracts</pre> | <pre style="color: green">Biological Mind Tracts</pre> | ||
[[Home]] -> [[BiologicalLifeResearch]] -> [[MindTracts]] -> [[MindTractsAT]] | [[Home]] -> [[BiologicalLifeResearch]] -> [[MindTracts]] -> [[MindTractsAT]] | ||
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TRACT SET: '''Ascending Tracts''' | TRACT SET: '''Ascending Tracts''' | ||
| − | <img src="http:// | + | <img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/f791ced097cf2f3c858cd7264ff0ca93.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;"> |
| − | === anterolateral system | + | |
| − | + | ---- | |
| + | === ALS - anterolateral system === | ||
* external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anterolateral_system | * external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anterolateral_system | ||
* function:conveys pain, temperature (protopathic sensation), and crude touch from the periphery to the brain | * function:conveys pain, temperature (protopathic sensation), and crude touch from the periphery to the brain | ||
| − | + | ---- | |
| − | + | ==== SLS - spinolimbic system ==== | |
| − | + | * external: | |
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| − | * external: | + | |
* function:connect spinal cord with limbic structures | * function:connect spinal cord with limbic structures | ||
| − | ===== spinohypothalamic tract | + | ---- |
| − | + | ===== SHTT - spinohypothalamic tract ===== | |
* external: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8613771 | * external: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8613771 | ||
* function:provide nociceptive information to a variety of nuclei throughout the diencephalon and brainstem bilaterally | * function:provide nociceptive information to a variety of nuclei throughout the diencephalon and brainstem bilaterally | ||
| − | * notes: nociception integration, from C-fibers innervating muscles | + | * comments: nociception integration, from C-fibers innervating muscles |
| + | * notes to function: | ||
| + | ** nociception integration, from C-fibers innervating muscles | ||
* generic path: {body pain, temperature} -> {hypothalamus} | * generic path: {body pain, temperature} -> {hypothalamus} | ||
| − | |||
| − | Tract path details: | + | <img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/cce96eff8b86234ebfb83421465ecb7d.png" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;" height=600> |
| − | * path '''SHT.HT.AHT''': affect appetite, autonomic and homeostatic functions, and related motivational and affective responses to autonomic function (pain fibers to anterior hypothalamus) | + | |
| − | * path '''SHT.HT.DM''': affect blood pressure, heart rate (pain fibers to dorsomedial nucleus) | + | |
| − | * path '''SHT.HT.LT''': affect thirst and hunger (pain fibers to lateral nucleus) | + | '''Tract path details:''' |
| − | * path '''SHT.HT.SCN''': affect 24-hour rhythms (pain fibers to anterior hypothalamus) | + | * path '''SHT.HT.AHT''': affect appetite, autonomic and homeostatic functions, and related motivational and affective responses to autonomic function (pain fibers to anterior hypothalamus) - [[BrainRegionLAC_SC_LH_LSN|Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN]] -> [[BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_AH|Anterior Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.AH]] |
| − | * path '''SHT.HT.SO''': affect blood volume or blood pressure (pain fibers to anterior hypothalamus) | + | * path '''SHT.HT.DM''': affect blood pressure, heart rate (pain fibers to dorsomedial nucleus) - [[BrainRegionLAC_SC_LH_LSN|Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN]] -> [[BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_DM|Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.DM]] |
| − | * path '''SHT.LLSN''': lower pain, temperature for ANS (lower pain fibers to spinal integrator LSN) | + | * path '''SHT.HT.LT''': affect thirst and hunger (pain fibers to lateral nucleus) - [[BrainRegionLAC_SC_LH_LSN|Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN]] -> Lateral Hypothalamic Area,LAC.FD.HT.LT ([[BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_LTN|Lateral Hypothalamic Nucleus]] (LAC.FD.HT.LTN), [[BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_SUM|Supramammillary Nucleus]] (LAC.FD.HT.SUM), [[BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_TBM|Tuberomammillary Nucleus]] (LAC.FD.HT.TBM), [[BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_PRM|Premammillary Nucleus]] (LAC.FD.HT.PRM)) |
| − | * path '''SHT.ULSN''': upper pain, temperature for ANS (upper pain fibers to spinal integrator LSN) | + | * path '''SHT.HT.SCN''': affect 24-hour rhythms (pain fibers to anterior hypothalamus) - [[BrainRegionLAC_SC_LH_LSN|Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN]] -> [[BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_SCN|Suprachiasmatic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.SCN]] |
| − | ===== spinomesencephalic tract | + | * path '''SHT.HT.SO''': affect blood volume or blood pressure (pain fibers to anterior hypothalamus) - [[BrainRegionLAC_SC_LH_LSN|Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN]] -> [[BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_SO|Supraoptic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.SO]] |
| − | + | * path '''SHT.LLSN''': lower pain, temperature for ANS (lower pain fibers to spinal integrator LSN) - [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLAC_SC_LH_LSN|Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN]] | |
| + | * path '''SHT.ULSN''': upper pain, temperature for ANS (upper pain fibers to spinal integrator LSN) - [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_UDRG|Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLAC_SC_LH_LSN|Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | ---- | ||
| + | ===== SMST - spinomesencephalic tract ===== | ||
* external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periaqueductal_gray | * external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periaqueductal_gray | ||
* function:ascending pain and temperature fibers of the spinothalamic tract also send information to the PAG | * function:ascending pain and temperature fibers of the spinothalamic tract also send information to the PAG | ||
* generic path: {MG nucleus} -> {PAG, MRF} | * generic path: {MG nucleus} -> {PAG, MRF} | ||
| − | |||
| − | Tract path details: | + | <img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/6f353d9821ba106f11ff8fb31c5fc2c5.gif" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;" height=600> |
| − | * path '''SMT.LPAG''': initiates pain inhibition (activates enkephalin-releasing neurons that project to raphe nuclei, descending to inhibitory interneurons located in Laminae II) | + | |
| − | * path '''SMT.UPAG''': initiates pain inhibition (activates enkephalin-releasing neurons that project to raphe nuclei, descending to inhibitory interneurons located in Laminae II) | + | |
| − | ===== spinosolitary tract | + | '''Tract path details:''' |
| − | + | * path '''SMT.LPAG''': initiates pain inhibition (activates enkephalin-releasing neurons that project to raphe nuclei, descending to inhibitory interneurons located in Laminae II) - [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_LMG|Lower Marginal Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.LMG]] -> [[BrainRegionLMC_MM_PAG|Periaqueductal Gray Matter,LMC.MM.PAG]] | |
| + | * path '''SMT.UPAG''': initiates pain inhibition (activates enkephalin-releasing neurons that project to raphe nuclei, descending to inhibitory interneurons located in Laminae II) - [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_UDRG|Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_UMG|Upper Marginal Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.UMG]] -> [[BrainRegionLMC_MM_PAG|Periaqueductal Gray Matter,LMC.MM.PAG]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | ---- | ||
| + | ===== SST - spinosolitary tract ===== | ||
* external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solitary_tract | * external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solitary_tract | ||
* function:central transmission of visceronoceptive messages | * function:central transmission of visceronoceptive messages | ||
| − | * notes: visceronociception, short-latency nociceptive input | + | * comments: visceronociception, short-latency nociceptive input |
| + | * notes to function: | ||
| + | ** visceronociception, short-latency nociceptive input | ||
* generic path: {body pain, temperature} -> {solitary nucleus} | * generic path: {body pain, temperature} -> {solitary nucleus} | ||
| − | Tract path details: | + | '''Tract path details:''' |
| − | * path '''SST''': autonomic regulation of of stress response to painful visceral stimuli (pain fibers to solitary nucleus to parabrachial nucleus) | + | * path '''SST''': autonomic regulation of of stress response to painful visceral stimuli (pain fibers to solitary nucleus to parabrachial nucleus) - [[BrainRegionLAC_SC_LH_LSN|Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_HL_SOL|Solitary Nucleus,LPC.HL.SOL]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_HT_PRF_PB|Parabrachial Nucleus,LPC.HT.PRF.PB]] |
| − | * path '''SST.LLSN''': pain, temperature for ANS (pain fibers to spinal integrator LSN) | + | * path '''SST.LLSN''': pain, temperature for ANS (pain fibers to spinal integrator LSN) - [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLAC_SC_LH_LSN|Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN]] |
| − | * path '''SST.ULSN''': pain, temperature for ANS (pain fibers to spinal integrator LSN) | + | * path '''SST.ULSN''': pain, temperature for ANS (pain fibers to spinal integrator LSN) - [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_UDRG|Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLAC_SC_LH_LSN|Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN]] |
| − | ==== spinoreticular system | + | |
| − | + | ||
| + | ---- | ||
| + | ==== SRS - spinoreticular system ==== | ||
* external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinoreticular_tract | * external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinoreticular_tract | ||
* function:automatic responses to pain | * function:automatic responses to pain | ||
| − | ===== spinomedulloreticular tract | + | ---- |
| − | + | ===== SMRT - spinomedulloreticular tract ===== | |
| − | * external: | + | * external: |
* function:automatic responses to pain | * function:automatic responses to pain | ||
* generic path: {visceral pain} -> {MRF, entire cortex} | * generic path: {visceral pain} -> {MRF, entire cortex} | ||
| − | |||
| − | Tract path details: | + | <img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/0d7e3e1122c3bedc43ed47d7d9f250c8.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;" height=600> |
| − | * path '''SRT.MEDL''': lower automatic responses to pain; attentional and alerting mechanisms (lower viceral pain to spinal cord to medullary reticular formation; visceral and somatic pain to MRF) | + | |
| − | * path '''SRT.MEDU''': upper automatic responses to pain; attentional and alerting mechanisms (upper viceral pain to spinal cord to medullary reticular formation; visceral and somatic pain to MRF) | + | |
| − | ===== spinopontoreticular tract | + | '''Tract path details:''' |
| − | + | * path '''SRT.MEDL''': lower automatic responses to pain; attentional and alerting mechanisms (lower viceral pain to spinal cord to medullary reticular formation; visceral and somatic pain to MRF) - [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_IMM|Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM]] -> [[BrainRegionLRC_HL_RF_MED|Central Medullary Reticular Nucleus,LRC.HL.RF.MED]] | |
| − | * external: | + | * path '''SRT.MEDU''': upper automatic responses to pain; attentional and alerting mechanisms (upper viceral pain to spinal cord to medullary reticular formation; visceral and somatic pain to MRF) - [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_UDRG|Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_IMM|Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM]] -> [[BrainRegionLRC_HL_RF_MED|Central Medullary Reticular Nucleus,LRC.HL.RF.MED]] |
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | ---- | ||
| + | ===== SPRT - spinopontoreticular tract ===== | ||
| + | * external: | ||
* function:automatic responses to pain | * function:automatic responses to pain | ||
* generic path: {visceral pain} -> {MRF, entire cortex} | * generic path: {visceral pain} -> {MRF, entire cortex} | ||
| − | |||
| − | Tract path details: | + | <img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/0d7e3e1122c3bedc43ed47d7d9f250c8.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;" height=600> |
| − | * path '''SRT.LVA''': exerts excitatory influence predominantly on pontine reticular nuclei to facilitate contraction of extensor muscles of limb and trunk (lower crude touch/vibration to spinal cord to pontine reticular formation to thalamus; utilizes four levels of neurons) | + | |
| − | * path '''SRT.UVA''': exerts excitatory influence predominantly on pontine reticular nuclei to facilitate contraction of extensor muscles of limb and trunk (upper crude touch/vibration to spinal cord to pontine reticular formation to thalamus; utilizes four levels of neurons) | + | |
| − | ===== spinotectal tract | + | '''Tract path details:''' |
| − | + | * path '''SRT.LVA''': exerts excitatory influence predominantly on pontine reticular nuclei to facilitate contraction of extensor muscles of limb and trunk (lower crude touch/vibration to spinal cord to pontine reticular formation to thalamus; utilizes four levels of neurons) - [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_UDRG|Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_IMM|Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM]] -> Pontine Reticular Formation, Medial Column,HT.RF.MED ([[BrainRegionLRC_HT_PRF_RPO|Oral Pontine Reticular Nucleus]] (LRC.HT.PRF.RPO), [[BrainRegionLRC_HT_PRF_CRF|Caudal Pontine Reticular Nucleus]] (LRC.HT.PRF.CRF), [[BrainRegionLRC_HT_PRF_PVR|Parvocellular Reticular Nucleus]] (LRC.HT.PRF.PVR)) -> [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VA|Ventral Anterior Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VA]] | |
| + | * path '''SRT.UVA''': exerts excitatory influence predominantly on pontine reticular nuclei to facilitate contraction of extensor muscles of limb and trunk (upper crude touch/vibration to spinal cord to pontine reticular formation to thalamus; utilizes four levels of neurons) - [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_IMM|Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM]] -> Pontine Reticular Formation, Medial Column,HT.RF.MED ([[BrainRegionLRC_HT_PRF_RPO|Oral Pontine Reticular Nucleus]] (LRC.HT.PRF.RPO), [[BrainRegionLRC_HT_PRF_CRF|Caudal Pontine Reticular Nucleus]] (LRC.HT.PRF.CRF), [[BrainRegionLRC_HT_PRF_PVR|Parvocellular Reticular Nucleus]] (LRC.HT.PRF.PVR)) -> [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VA|Ventral Anterior Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VA]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | ---- | ||
| + | ===== STCT - spinotectal tract ===== | ||
* external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinotectal_tract | * external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinotectal_tract | ||
* function:spinovisual reflexes; head/eye movement toward stimulus source | * function:spinovisual reflexes; head/eye movement toward stimulus source | ||
| − | * notes: arises in the anterolateral column | + | * comments: arises in the anterolateral column |
| + | * notes to function: | ||
| + | ** arises in the anterolateral column | ||
* generic path: {free nerve endings; crude touch, temperature, pain} -> {inferior and superior colliculi} | * generic path: {free nerve endings; crude touch, temperature, pain} -> {inferior and superior colliculi} | ||
| − | Tract path details: | + | '''Tract path details:''' |
| − | * path '''STCT''': Head and eye attention to non-visual stimuli (crude touch to nucleus proprius to superior colliculus) | + | * path '''STCT''': Head and eye attention to non-visual stimuli (crude touch to nucleus proprius to superior colliculus) - [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_UDRG|Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_NP|Proprius Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.NP]] -> [[BrainRegionLRC_MM_SC_DEEP|Deep Superior Colliculus,LRC.MM.SC.DEEP]] |
| − | ==== | + | |
| − | + | ||
| − | * external: http:// | + | ---- |
| + | ==== STS - spinothalamic system ==== | ||
| + | * external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinothalamic_tract | ||
| + | * function:transmits pain mainly from the peripheral slow-chronic type C pain fibers; transmits information to thalamus about pain, temperature, itch and crude touch | ||
| + | * comments: conscious; cervical-anterior-toward-contralateral, thoracic, lumbar, sacral-lateral slices | ||
| + | * notes to function: | ||
| + | ** conscious | ||
| + | ** cervical-anterior-toward-contralateral, thoracic, lumbar, sacral-lateral slices | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | ---- | ||
| + | ===== ASTT - anterior spinothalamic tract ===== | ||
| + | * external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anterior_spinothalamic_tract | ||
| + | * synonyms: paleospinothalamic anterolateral tract | ||
| + | * function:pain, temperature, light touch (tactile sensibility), two-point discrimination, stereognosis | ||
| + | * generic path: {skin - slow pain, temperature, slightly tactile} -> {BA 3,1,2} | ||
| + | |||
| + | <img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/74184e9441158f8891170016e092506e.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;"> | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | '''Tract path details:''' | ||
| + | * path '''ASTTL''': lower slightly tactile (head and body MD,MC,PC,HF receptors to S1) - [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_LSG|Lower Substantia Gelatinosa,LPC.SC.PH.LSG]] -> [[BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_VPL|Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPL]] -> [[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1|Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1]] | ||
| + | * path '''ASTTU''': upper slightly tactile (head and body MD,MC,PC,HF receptors to S1) - [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_UDRG|Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_USG|Upper Substantia Gelatinosa,LPC.SC.PH.USG]] -> [[BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_VPL|Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPL]] -> [[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1|Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | ---- | ||
| + | ===== LSTT - lateral spinothalamic tract ===== | ||
| + | * external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lateral_spinothalamic_tract | ||
* synonyms: neospinothalamic tract | * synonyms: neospinothalamic tract | ||
| + | * function:pain, temperature | ||
| + | * generic path: {body pain, temperature, crude touch} -> {BA 3,1,2} | ||
| + | |||
| + | <img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/90b974e21d6b8347067b4c807f5db038.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;"> | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | '''Tract path details:''' | ||
| + | * path '''LSTT.MD''': lower body pain, temperature for reward (pain to frontal lobe) - [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_LSG|Lower Substantia Gelatinosa,LPC.SC.PH.LSG]] -> Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.MD ([[BrainRegionNDM_FD_TH_MDM|Medial Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus]] (NDM.FD.TH.MDM), [[BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_MDC|Central Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus]] (NCP.FD.TH.MDC), [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_MDL|Lateral Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus]] (NMA.FD.TH.MDL)) -> [[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DACG|Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area,NDM.NC.AL.DACG]] | ||
| + | * path '''LSTT.UMD''': upper body pain, temperature for reward (pain to frontal lobe) - [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_USG|Upper Substantia Gelatinosa,LPC.SC.PH.USG]] -> Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.MD ([[BrainRegionNDM_FD_TH_MDM|Medial Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus]] (NDM.FD.TH.MDM), [[BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_MDC|Central Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus]] (NCP.FD.TH.MDC), [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_MDL|Lateral Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus]] (NMA.FD.TH.MDL)) -> [[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DACG|Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area,NDM.NC.AL.DACG]] | ||
| + | * path '''LSTTL''': lower body pain, temperature (head and body FN,RC receptors to marginal nucleus) - [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_UDRG|Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_LMG|Lower Marginal Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.LMG]] | ||
| + | * path '''LSTTL.VPI''': lower body pain, temperature for emotion (pain to insula) - [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_LMG|Lower Marginal Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.LMG]] -> [[BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_VPI|Ventral Posteroinferior Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPI]] -> [[BrainRegionNCP_NC_INS_PIC|Posterior Insular Cortex,NCP.NC.INS.PIC]] | ||
| + | * path '''LSTTU''': upper body pain, temperature (head and body FN,RC receptors to marginal nucleus) - [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_UDRG|Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_UMG|Upper Marginal Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.UMG]] | ||
| + | * path '''LSTTU.VPI''': upper body pain, temperature for emotion (pain to insula) - [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_UMG|Upper Marginal Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.UMG]] -> [[BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_VPI|Ventral Posteroinferior Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPI]] -> [[BrainRegionNCP_NC_INS_PIC|Posterior Insular Cortex,NCP.NC.INS.PIC]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | ---- | ||
| + | ==== TTS - trigeminothalamic system ==== | ||
| + | * external: http://www.neuroanatomy.wisc.edu/virtualbrain/BrainStem/03CNV.html | ||
* function:all somatosensory submodalities from head | * function:all somatosensory submodalities from head | ||
| − | |||
| + | <img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/17624ff27778a1ae6603674dfce88422.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;" height=700> | ||
| − | ===== anterior trigeminothalamic tract | + | |
| − | + | ||
| + | ---- | ||
| + | ===== ATTT - anterior trigeminothalamic tract ===== | ||
* external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anterior_trigeminothalamic_tract | * external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anterior_trigeminothalamic_tract | ||
* synonyms: ventral trigeminothalamic tract | * synonyms: ventral trigeminothalamic tract | ||
| Line 161: | Line 187: | ||
* generic path: {face, head and neck} -> {SI - BA 1,2} | * generic path: {face, head and neck} -> {SI - BA 1,2} | ||
| − | Tract path details: | + | '''Tract path details:''' |
| − | * path '''TTT.GNG''': nociceptors (nociceptors of cranial nerves VII to spinal trigeminal nucleus) | + | * path '''TTT.GNG''': nociceptors (nociceptors of cranial nerves VII to spinal trigeminal nucleus) - [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_GNG|Geniculate Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.GNG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_HL_TGS_STR|Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HL.TGS.STR]] |
| − | * path '''TTT.JUG''': nociceptors (nociceptors of cranial nerves IX,X to spinal trigeminal nucleus) | + | * path '''TTT.JUG''': nociceptors (nociceptors of cranial nerves IX,X to spinal trigeminal nucleus) - [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_JUG|Jugular Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.JUG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_HL_TGS_STR|Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HL.TGS.STR]] |
| − | * path '''TTT.NOD''': nociceptors (nociceptors of cranial nerves X to spinal trigeminal nucleus) | + | * path '''TTT.NOD''': nociceptors (nociceptors of cranial nerves X to spinal trigeminal nucleus) - [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_NOD|Nodose Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.NOD]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_HL_TGS_STR|Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HL.TGS.STR]] |
| − | * path '''TTT.TRG''': nociceptors (head, face and intraoral structures nociceptors to spinal trigeminal nucleus) | + | * path '''TTT.TRG''': nociceptors (head, face and intraoral structures nociceptors to spinal trigeminal nucleus) - [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_TRG|Trigeminal Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.TRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_HL_TGS_STR|Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HL.TGS.STR]] |
| − | * path '''TTT.VPM''': nociceptors (spinal trigeminal nucleus to S1) | + | * path '''TTT.VPM''': nociceptors (spinal trigeminal nucleus to S1) - [[BrainRegionLPC_HL_TGS_STR|Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HL.TGS.STR]] -> [[BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_VPM|Ventral Posteromedial Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPM]] -> [[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1|Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1]] |
| − | ===== dorsal trigeminal tract | + | |
| − | + | ||
| + | ---- | ||
| + | ===== DTTT - dorsal trigeminal tract ===== | ||
* external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorsal_trigeminal_tract | * external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorsal_trigeminal_tract | ||
* synonyms: dorsal trigeminothalamic tract, lemniscus | * synonyms: dorsal trigeminothalamic tract, lemniscus | ||
| Line 174: | Line 202: | ||
* generic path: {head MC,PC} -> {SII - BA 40,43} | * generic path: {head MC,PC} -> {SII - BA 40,43} | ||
| − | Tract path details: | + | '''Tract path details:''' |
| − | * path '''DTT''': face dull, burning pain, deep, aching pain, temperature and crude touch (head, face and intraoral structures to Precentral Cortex) | + | * path '''DTT''': face dull, burning pain, deep, aching pain, temperature and crude touch (head, face and intraoral structures to Precentral Cortex) - [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_TRG|Trigeminal Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.TRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_HT_PN_PTR|Principal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HT.PN.PTR]] |
| − | * path '''DTT.MD''': pain, temperature for reward (marginal nucleus to frontal lobe) | + | * path '''DTT.MD''': pain, temperature for reward (marginal nucleus to frontal lobe) - [[BrainRegionLPC_HT_PN_PTR|Principal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HT.PN.PTR]] -> Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.MD ([[BrainRegionNDM_FD_TH_MDM|Medial Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus]] (NDM.FD.TH.MDM), [[BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_MDC|Central Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus]] (NCP.FD.TH.MDC), [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_MDL|Lateral Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus]] (NMA.FD.TH.MDL)) -> [[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DACG|Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area,NDM.NC.AL.DACG]] |
| − | * path '''DTT.PF''': face dull, burning pain, deep, aching pain, temperature and crude touch (head, face and intraoral structures to Precentral Cortex) | + | * path '''DTT.PF''': face dull, burning pain, deep, aching pain, temperature and crude touch (head, face and intraoral structures to Precentral Cortex) - [[BrainRegionLPC_HT_PN_PTR|Principal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HT.PN.PTR]] -> [[BrainRegionFEC_FD_TH_PF|Parafascicular Nucleus of Thalamus,FEC.FD.TH.PF]] -> [[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PO_PCC|Precentral Cortex,NCP.NC.PO.PCC]] |
| − | * path '''DTT.VPI''': pain, temperature for emotion (marginal nucleus to insula) | + | * path '''DTT.VPI''': pain, temperature for emotion (marginal nucleus to insula) - [[BrainRegionLPC_HT_PN_PTR|Principal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HT.PN.PTR]] -> [[BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_VPI|Ventral Posteroinferior Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPI]] -> [[BrainRegionNCP_NC_INS_PIC|Posterior Insular Cortex,NCP.NC.INS.PIC]] |
| − | === medial lemniscus system | + | |
| − | + | ||
| + | ---- | ||
| + | === MLS - medial lemniscus system === | ||
* external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medial_lemniscus | * external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medial_lemniscus | ||
* function:transmits touch, vibration sense, proprioception data | * function:transmits touch, vibration sense, proprioception data | ||
| − | |||
| + | <img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/46715f2522fd2d9c07aece3795385bd5.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;"> | ||
| − | ==== posterior column system | + | |
| − | + | ||
| + | ---- | ||
| + | ==== PCS - posterior column system ==== | ||
* external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posterior_column-medial_lemniscus_pathway | * external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posterior_column-medial_lemniscus_pathway | ||
* synonyms: dorsal column, Reils band, Reils ribbon | * synonyms: dorsal column, Reils band, Reils ribbon | ||
* function:two point discrimination (fine touch, fine pressure - MC), pressure (deep receptors - PC), vibration (PC), conscious proprioception (MS) | * function:two point discrimination (fine touch, fine pressure - MC), pressure (deep receptors - PC), vibration (PC), conscious proprioception (MS) | ||
| − | * | + | * comments: alpha/beta mechanoreceptors, conscious; discrimination of those sensations that an animal must explore actively |
| − | + | * notes to function: | |
| + | ** alpha/beta mechanoreceptors, conscious | ||
| + | ** discrimination of those sensations that an animal must explore actively | ||
| + | <img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/68be391f7889b086054af242f56291d5.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;" height=700> | ||
| − | ===== fasciculus cuneatus tract | + | |
| − | + | ||
| + | ---- | ||
| + | ===== FCT - fasciculus cuneatus tract ===== | ||
* external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuneate_fasciculus | * external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuneate_fasciculus | ||
* synonyms: tract of Burdach | * synonyms: tract of Burdach | ||
* function:upper body well-localized discriminative proprioception, fine touch | * function:upper body well-localized discriminative proprioception, fine touch | ||
| − | * | + | * comments: muscle afferents and cutaneous mechanoreceptors (C1-T6 dermatomes); thoracic-toward-contralateral and cervical slices |
| + | * notes to function: | ||
| + | ** muscle afferents and cutaneous mechanoreceptors (C1-T6 dermatomes) | ||
| + | ** thoracic-toward-contralateral and cervical slices | ||
* generic path: {upper trunk, forelimb deep structures and skin} -> {neocortex BA 3b, lateral} | * generic path: {upper trunk, forelimb deep structures and skin} -> {neocortex BA 3b, lateral} | ||
| − | Tract path details: | + | '''Tract path details:''' |
| − | * path '''PCT.CUL''': conscious sensations of neck, trunk, and extremities (neck (C4), trunk (T1-T6), and extremities - arms (C5-T2) to S1 lateral) | + | * path '''PCT.CUL''': conscious sensations of neck, trunk, and extremities (neck (C4), trunk (T1-T6), and extremities - arms (C5-T2) to S1 lateral) - [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_UDRG|Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_HL_CU|Cuneate Nucleus,LPC.HL.CU]] -> [[BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_VPL|Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPL]] -> [[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1|Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1]] |
| − | * path '''PCT.CUM''': conscious sensations of head (geniohyoid (C1), head top (C2), head back above neck (C3) to S1 medial) | + | * path '''PCT.CUM''': conscious sensations of head (geniohyoid (C1), head top (C2), head back above neck (C3) to S1 medial) - [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_UDRG|Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_HL_CU|Cuneate Nucleus,LPC.HL.CU]] -> [[BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_VPM|Ventral Posteromedial Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPM]] -> [[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1|Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1]] |
| − | ===== fasciculus gracilis tract | + | |
| − | + | ||
| + | ---- | ||
| + | ===== FGT - fasciculus gracilis tract ===== | ||
* external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gracile_fasciculus | * external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gracile_fasciculus | ||
* synonyms: tract of Goll | * synonyms: tract of Goll | ||
* function:lower body well-localized discriminative fine touch | * function:lower body well-localized discriminative fine touch | ||
| − | * | + | * comments: sacral-toward-contralateral and lumbar slices; mostly cutaneous (proprioception via CLN) |
| + | * notes to function: | ||
| + | ** sacral-toward-contralateral and lumbar slices | ||
| + | ** mostly cutaneous (proprioception via CLN) | ||
* generic path: {lower body, muscle afferents} -> {somatosensory cortex} | * generic path: {lower body, muscle afferents} -> {somatosensory cortex} | ||
| − | Tract path details: | + | '''Tract path details:''' |
| − | * path '''PCT.GRL''': epicritic, kinesthetic, and conscious proprioceptive information from lower body (receptors of thoracic and lower limbs, T7-CX to neocortex BA 3b, medial) | + | * path '''PCT.GRL''': epicritic, kinesthetic, and conscious proprioceptive information from lower body (receptors of thoracic and lower limbs, T7-CX to neocortex BA 3b, medial) - [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_HL_GR|Gracile Nucleus,LPC.HL.GR]] -> [[BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_VPL|Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPL]] -> [[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1|Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1]] |
| − | ==== spinocervical tract | + | |
| − | + | ||
| + | ---- | ||
| + | ==== SCVT - spinocervical tract ==== | ||
* external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinocervical_pathway | * external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinocervical_pathway | ||
* synonyms: Morin's tract | * synonyms: Morin's tract | ||
* function:static position, Ruffini endings | * function:static position, Ruffini endings | ||
| − | * notes: thoracic-toward-contralateral and cervical slices | + | * comments: thoracic-toward-contralateral and cervical slices |
| + | * notes to function: | ||
| + | ** thoracic-toward-contralateral and cervical slices | ||
* generic path: {receptors of thoracic and lower limbs, T7-CX} -> {somatosensory cortex} | * generic path: {receptors of thoracic and lower limbs, T7-CX} -> {somatosensory cortex} | ||
| − | |||
| − | Tract path details: | + | <img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/9c1b128a3765e88657e80ff6af9b80aa.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;"> |
| − | * path '''SCVT''': tactile/pressure pathway from the spinal cord to sensory cortex (tactile/pressure to S1) | + | |
| − | * path '''SCVT.PAG''': alerts about presence of cutaneous stimuli that might represent danger, necessitating flight (cutaneous stimuli to PAG) | + | |
| − | * path '''SCVT.VPL''': four-neuron, fast-conducting, tactile/pressure pathway from the spinal cord to sensory cortex (tactile/pressure to S1) | + | '''Tract path details:''' |
| − | === spinocerebellar system | + | * path '''SCVT''': tactile/pressure pathway from the spinal cord to sensory cortex (tactile/pressure to S1) - [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_NP|Proprius Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.NP]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_LH_LCV|Lateral Cervical Nucleus,LPC.SC.LH.LCV]] |
| − | + | * path '''SCVT.PAG''': alerts about presence of cutaneous stimuli that might represent danger, necessitating flight (cutaneous stimuli to PAG) - [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_LH_LCV|Lateral Cervical Nucleus,LPC.SC.LH.LCV]] -> [[BrainRegionLMC_MM_PAG|Periaqueductal Gray Matter,LMC.MM.PAG]] | |
| + | * path '''SCVT.VPL''': four-neuron, fast-conducting, tactile/pressure pathway from the spinal cord to sensory cortex (tactile/pressure to S1) - [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_LH_LCV|Lateral Cervical Nucleus,LPC.SC.LH.LCV]] -> [[BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_VPL|Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPL]] -> [[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1|Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | ---- | ||
| + | === SCS - spinocerebellar system === | ||
* external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinocerebellar_tract | * external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinocerebellar_tract | ||
* function:spinal cord to cerebellum | * function:spinal cord to cerebellum | ||
| − | ==== direct spinocerebellar system | + | ---- |
| − | + | ==== DSCS - direct spinocerebellar system ==== | |
| − | * external: | + | * external: |
* function:spinal cord nuclei to cerebellum | * function:spinal cord nuclei to cerebellum | ||
| − | * | + | * comments: lower are dorsal and ventral SC tracts; upper are cuneocerebellar and rostral spinocerebellar tract |
| − | + | * notes to function: | |
| + | ** lower are dorsal and ventral SC tracts | ||
| + | ** upper are cuneocerebellar and rostral spinocerebellar tract | ||
| + | <img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/bf2857e9acad7f548fbdffaad851c7d4.png" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;" height=600> | ||
| − | ===== cuneocerebellar tract | + | |
| − | + | ||
| + | ---- | ||
| + | ===== CSCT - cuneocerebellar tract ===== | ||
* external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posterior_external_arcuate_fibers | * external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posterior_external_arcuate_fibers | ||
* function:relay information about limb position and movement to the cerebellum | * function:relay information about limb position and movement to the cerebellum | ||
| − | * notes: upper extremity equivalent of Clarkes column to CR tract - posterior spinocerebellar tract | + | * comments: upper extremity equivalent of Clarkes column to CR tract - posterior spinocerebellar tract |
| + | * notes to function: | ||
| + | ** upper extremity equivalent of Clarkes column to CR tract - posterior spinocerebellar tract | ||
* generic path: {proprioceptive/fine touch/vibration, C1-C7} -> {cerebellum, vermis and paravermis of the ipsilateral posterior lobe} | * generic path: {proprioceptive/fine touch/vibration, C1-C7} -> {cerebellum, vermis and paravermis of the ipsilateral posterior lobe} | ||
| − | |||
| − | Tract path details: | + | <img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/7a94b6ad78db3e8ea0f26d97d1d8af46.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;"> |
| − | * path '''CSCT''': proprioceptive and exteroceptive information (upper limb muscles to accessory cuneate nucleus to cerebellum) | + | |
| − | ===== dorsal spinocerebellar tract | + | |
| − | + | '''Tract path details:''' | |
| + | * path '''CSCT''': proprioceptive and exteroceptive information (upper limb muscles to accessory cuneate nucleus to cerebellum) - [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_UDRG|Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_HL_ACU|Accessory Cuneate Nucleus,LPC.HL.ACU]] -> Cerebellum,LLC.HT.CR ([[BrainRegionLRC_HT_CR_FN|Cerebellar Flocconodular Lobe]] (LRC.HT.CR.FN), [[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_CC|Cerebellar Lateral Lobe]] (LLC.HT.CR.CC), [[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_PV|Cerebellar Paravermis]] (LLC.HT.CR.PV), [[BrainRegionLRC_HT_CR_VM|Cerebellar Vermis]] (LRC.HT.CR.VM)) | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | ---- | ||
| + | ===== DSCT - dorsal spinocerebellar tract ===== | ||
* external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorsal_spinocerebellar_tract | * external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorsal_spinocerebellar_tract | ||
* synonyms: posterior spinocerebellar tract, Flechsigs tract | * synonyms: posterior spinocerebellar tract, Flechsigs tract | ||
* function:conveys proprioceptive information from proprioceptors in the skeletal muscles and joints to the cerebellum | * function:conveys proprioceptive information from proprioceptors in the skeletal muscles and joints to the cerebellum | ||
| − | * notes: ipsilateral, proprioceptive and tactile information | + | * comments: ipsilateral, proprioceptive and tactile information |
| + | * notes to function: | ||
| + | ** ipsilateral, proprioceptive and tactile information | ||
* generic path: {neuromuscular spindles and Golgi tendon organs, joint receptors, cutaneous receptors, lower limbs, below L3} -> {cerebellum, mainly ipsilateral anterior lobe} | * generic path: {neuromuscular spindles and Golgi tendon organs, joint receptors, cutaneous receptors, lower limbs, below L3} -> {cerebellum, mainly ipsilateral anterior lobe} | ||
| − | Tract path details: | + | '''Tract path details:''' |
| − | * path '''DSCTL''': proprioceptive and exteroceptive information (lower limb muscles to clarkes nucleus to cerebellum) | + | * path '''DSCTL''': proprioceptive and exteroceptive information (lower limb muscles to clarkes nucleus to cerebellum) - [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_CL|Clarke Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.CL]] -> Cerebellum,LLC.HT.CR ([[BrainRegionLRC_HT_CR_FN|Cerebellar Flocconodular Lobe]] (LRC.HT.CR.FN), [[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_CC|Cerebellar Lateral Lobe]] (LLC.HT.CR.CC), [[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_PV|Cerebellar Paravermis]] (LLC.HT.CR.PV), [[BrainRegionLRC_HT_CR_VM|Cerebellar Vermis]] (LRC.HT.CR.VM)) |
| − | * path '''DSCTU''': proprioceptive and exteroceptive information (lower limb muscles to clarkes nucleus to cerebellum) | + | * path '''DSCTU''': proprioceptive and exteroceptive information (lower limb muscles to clarkes nucleus to cerebellum) - [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_UDRG|Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_CL|Clarke Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.CL]] -> Cerebellum,LLC.HT.CR ([[BrainRegionLRC_HT_CR_FN|Cerebellar Flocconodular Lobe]] (LRC.HT.CR.FN), [[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_CC|Cerebellar Lateral Lobe]] (LLC.HT.CR.CC), [[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_PV|Cerebellar Paravermis]] (LLC.HT.CR.PV), [[BrainRegionLRC_HT_CR_VM|Cerebellar Vermis]] (LRC.HT.CR.VM)) |
| − | ===== rostral spinocerebellar tract | + | |
| − | + | ||
| + | ---- | ||
| + | ===== RSCT - rostral spinocerebellar tract ===== | ||
* external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rostral_spinocerebellar_tract | * external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rostral_spinocerebellar_tract | ||
* function:transmits information from the golgi tendon organs of the cranial half of the body to the cerebellum | * function:transmits information from the golgi tendon organs of the cranial half of the body to the cerebellum | ||
| − | * notes: upper extremity equivalent of ventral spinocerebellar tract | + | * comments: upper extremity equivalent of ventral spinocerebellar tract |
| + | * notes to function: | ||
| + | ** upper extremity equivalent of ventral spinocerebellar tract | ||
* generic path: {proprioceptive/fine touch/vibration, C1-C7} -> {cerebellum, anterior lobe} | * generic path: {proprioceptive/fine touch/vibration, C1-C7} -> {cerebellum, anterior lobe} | ||
| − | |||
| − | Tract path details: | + | <img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/a6dd788dc0b0d529ea448c19b668a2f7.png" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;"> |
| − | * path '''RSCT''': proprioceptive information (upper limb muscles to centrobasalis nucleus to cerebellum) | + | |
| − | ===== ventral spinocerebellar tract | + | |
| − | + | '''Tract path details:''' | |
| + | * path '''RSCT''': proprioceptive information (upper limb muscles to centrobasalis nucleus to cerebellum) - [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_UDRG|Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_CCV|Central Cervical Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.CCV]] -> Cerebellum,LLC.HT.CR ([[BrainRegionLRC_HT_CR_FN|Cerebellar Flocconodular Lobe]] (LRC.HT.CR.FN), [[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_CC|Cerebellar Lateral Lobe]] (LLC.HT.CR.CC), [[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_PV|Cerebellar Paravermis]] (LLC.HT.CR.PV), [[BrainRegionLRC_HT_CR_VM|Cerebellar Vermis]] (LRC.HT.CR.VM)) | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | ---- | ||
| + | ===== VSCT - ventral spinocerebellar tract ===== | ||
* external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventral_spinocerebellar_tract | * external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventral_spinocerebellar_tract | ||
* synonyms: anterior spinocerebellar tract, Gowers tract | * synonyms: anterior spinocerebellar tract, Gowers tract | ||
* function:conveys information about postural stability of the lower limbs to cerebellum | * function:conveys information about postural stability of the lower limbs to cerebellum | ||
| − | * | + | * comments: bilaterally, double cross, proprioceptive/fine touch/vibration; from nucleus proprius |
| + | * notes to function: | ||
| + | ** bilaterally, double cross, proprioceptive/fine touch/vibration | ||
| + | ** from nucleus proprius | ||
* generic path: {neuromuscular spindles and Golgi tendon organs, trunk, C8-L3} -> {cerebellum} | * generic path: {neuromuscular spindles and Golgi tendon organs, trunk, C8-L3} -> {cerebellum} | ||
| − | |||
| − | Tract path details: | + | <img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/bcbea68113ab08de2ccbcadaa7e3900c.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;" height=500> |
| − | * path '''VSCTL''': proprioceptive information (body muscles to intermediomedial nucleus to cerebellum) | + | |
| − | * path '''VSCTU''': proprioceptive information (body muscles to intermediomedial nucleus to cerebellum) | + | |
| − | ==== spinometencephalic system | + | '''Tract path details:''' |
| − | + | * path '''VSCTL''': proprioceptive information (body muscles to intermediomedial nucleus to cerebellum) - [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_LDRG|Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_IMM|Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM]] -> Cerebellum,LLC.HT.CR ([[BrainRegionLRC_HT_CR_FN|Cerebellar Flocconodular Lobe]] (LRC.HT.CR.FN), [[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_CC|Cerebellar Lateral Lobe]] (LLC.HT.CR.CC), [[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_PV|Cerebellar Paravermis]] (LLC.HT.CR.PV), [[BrainRegionLRC_HT_CR_VM|Cerebellar Vermis]] (LRC.HT.CR.VM)) | |
| − | * external: | + | * path '''VSCTU''': proprioceptive information (body muscles to intermediomedial nucleus to cerebellum) - [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_UDRG|Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_IMM|Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM]] -> Cerebellum,LLC.HT.CR ([[BrainRegionLRC_HT_CR_FN|Cerebellar Flocconodular Lobe]] (LRC.HT.CR.FN), [[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_CC|Cerebellar Lateral Lobe]] (LLC.HT.CR.CC), [[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_PV|Cerebellar Paravermis]] (LLC.HT.CR.PV), [[BrainRegionLRC_HT_CR_VM|Cerebellar Vermis]] (LRC.HT.CR.VM)) |
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | ---- | ||
| + | ==== SMTS - spinometencephalic system ==== | ||
| + | * external: | ||
* function:spinal cord to intermediate nucleus to cerebellum | * function:spinal cord to intermediate nucleus to cerebellum | ||
| − | |||
| + | <img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/0b74c18570d5ccd17189e512ae8fc18a.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;" height=500> | ||
| − | ===== spinoolivary tract | + | |
| − | + | ||
| + | ---- | ||
| + | ===== SOT - spinoolivary tract ===== | ||
* external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spino-olivary_tract | * external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spino-olivary_tract | ||
* synonyms: Helwegs tract | * synonyms: Helwegs tract | ||
| Line 300: | Line 383: | ||
* generic path: {proprioception information from muscles and tendons, cutaneous impulses} -> {cerebellum} | * generic path: {proprioception information from muscles and tendons, cutaneous impulses} -> {cerebellum} | ||
| − | Tract path details: | + | '''Tract path details:''' |
| − | * path '''SOT.CCV''': cutaneous information to cerebellum (skin mechanoreceptors to inferior olivary nucleus to cerebellum) | + | * path '''SOT.CCV''': cutaneous information to cerebellum (skin mechanoreceptors to inferior olivary nucleus to cerebellum) - [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_UDRG|Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_CCV|Central Cervical Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.CCV]] -> [[BrainRegionLLC_HL_IO|Inferior Olivary Nucleus,LLC.HL.IO]] -> Cerebellum,LLC.HT.CR ([[BrainRegionLRC_HT_CR_FN|Cerebellar Flocconodular Lobe]] (LRC.HT.CR.FN), [[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_CC|Cerebellar Lateral Lobe]] (LLC.HT.CR.CC), [[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_PV|Cerebellar Paravermis]] (LLC.HT.CR.PV), [[BrainRegionLRC_HT_CR_VM|Cerebellar Vermis]] (LRC.HT.CR.VM)) |
| − | * path '''SOT.NPR''': proprioception to cerebellum (muscle spindles and Golgi tendons to inferior olivary nucleus to cerebellum) | + | * path '''SOT.NPR''': proprioception to cerebellum (muscle spindles and Golgi tendons to inferior olivary nucleus to cerebellum) - [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_UDRG|Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_NP|Proprius Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.NP]] -> [[BrainRegionLLC_HL_IO|Inferior Olivary Nucleus,LLC.HL.IO]] -> Cerebellum,LLC.HT.CR ([[BrainRegionLRC_HT_CR_FN|Cerebellar Flocconodular Lobe]] (LRC.HT.CR.FN), [[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_CC|Cerebellar Lateral Lobe]] (LLC.HT.CR.CC), [[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_PV|Cerebellar Paravermis]] (LLC.HT.CR.PV), [[BrainRegionLRC_HT_CR_VM|Cerebellar Vermis]] (LRC.HT.CR.VM)) |
| − | ===== spinovestibular tract | + | |
| − | + | ||
| + | ---- | ||
| + | ===== SVT - spinovestibular tract ===== | ||
* external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spino-olivary_tract | * external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spino-olivary_tract | ||
* function:information from cutaneous and proprioceptive organs to CR | * function:information from cutaneous and proprioceptive organs to CR | ||
* generic path: {proprioception information from muscles and tendons, cutaneous impulses} -> {cerebellum} | * generic path: {proprioception information from muscles and tendons, cutaneous impulses} -> {cerebellum} | ||
| − | Tract path details: | + | '''Tract path details:''' |
| − | * path '''SVT.CCV''': cutaneous information to cerebellum (skin mechanoreceptors to vestibular nucleus to cerebellum; C1-C4) | + | * path '''SVT.CCV''': cutaneous information to cerebellum (skin mechanoreceptors to vestibular nucleus to cerebellum; C1-C4) - [[BrainRegionLPC_PN_SG_UDRG|Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_CCV|Central Cervical Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.CCV]] -> [[BrainRegionLPC_HT_IVBN|Inferior Vestibular Nuclei,LPC.HT.IVBN]] -> Cerebellum,LLC.HT.CR ([[BrainRegionLRC_HT_CR_FN|Cerebellar Flocconodular Lobe]] (LRC.HT.CR.FN), [[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_CC|Cerebellar Lateral Lobe]] (LLC.HT.CR.CC), [[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_PV|Cerebellar Paravermis]] (LLC.HT.CR.PV), [[BrainRegionLRC_HT_CR_VM|Cerebellar Vermis]] (LRC.HT.CR.VM)) |
Latest revision as of 16:41, 13 April 2019
Biological Mind Tracts
Home -> BiologicalLifeResearch -> MindTracts -> MindTractsAT
This page is intended to describe set of ascending tracts
Contents
- 1 Tract Details
- 1.1 ALS - anterolateral system
- 1.2 MLS - medial lemniscus system
- 1.3 SCS - spinocerebellar system
Tract Details
(generated)
TRACT SET: Ascending Tracts
ALS - anterolateral system
- external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anterolateral_system
- function:conveys pain, temperature (protopathic sensation), and crude touch from the periphery to the brain
SLS - spinolimbic system
- external:
- function:connect spinal cord with limbic structures
SHTT - spinohypothalamic tract
- external: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8613771
- function:provide nociceptive information to a variety of nuclei throughout the diencephalon and brainstem bilaterally
- comments: nociception integration, from C-fibers innervating muscles
- notes to function:
- nociception integration, from C-fibers innervating muscles
- generic path: {body pain, temperature} -> {hypothalamus}
Tract path details:
- path SHT.HT.AHT: affect appetite, autonomic and homeostatic functions, and related motivational and affective responses to autonomic function (pain fibers to anterior hypothalamus) - Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN -> Anterior Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.AH
- path SHT.HT.DM: affect blood pressure, heart rate (pain fibers to dorsomedial nucleus) - Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN -> Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.DM
- path SHT.HT.LT: affect thirst and hunger (pain fibers to lateral nucleus) - Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN -> Lateral Hypothalamic Area,LAC.FD.HT.LT (Lateral Hypothalamic Nucleus (LAC.FD.HT.LTN), Supramammillary Nucleus (LAC.FD.HT.SUM), Tuberomammillary Nucleus (LAC.FD.HT.TBM), Premammillary Nucleus (LAC.FD.HT.PRM))
- path SHT.HT.SCN: affect 24-hour rhythms (pain fibers to anterior hypothalamus) - Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN -> Suprachiasmatic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.SCN
- path SHT.HT.SO: affect blood volume or blood pressure (pain fibers to anterior hypothalamus) - Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN -> Supraoptic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.SO
- path SHT.LLSN: lower pain, temperature for ANS (lower pain fibers to spinal integrator LSN) - Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG -> Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN
- path SHT.ULSN: upper pain, temperature for ANS (upper pain fibers to spinal integrator LSN) - Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN
SMST - spinomesencephalic tract
- external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periaqueductal_gray
- function:ascending pain and temperature fibers of the spinothalamic tract also send information to the PAG
- generic path: {MG nucleus} -> {PAG, MRF}
Tract path details:
- path SMT.LPAG: initiates pain inhibition (activates enkephalin-releasing neurons that project to raphe nuclei, descending to inhibitory interneurons located in Laminae II) - Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG -> Lower Marginal Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.LMG -> Periaqueductal Gray Matter,LMC.MM.PAG
- path SMT.UPAG: initiates pain inhibition (activates enkephalin-releasing neurons that project to raphe nuclei, descending to inhibitory interneurons located in Laminae II) - Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> Upper Marginal Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.UMG -> Periaqueductal Gray Matter,LMC.MM.PAG
SST - spinosolitary tract
- external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solitary_tract
- function:central transmission of visceronoceptive messages
- comments: visceronociception, short-latency nociceptive input
- notes to function:
- visceronociception, short-latency nociceptive input
- generic path: {body pain, temperature} -> {solitary nucleus}
Tract path details:
- path SST: autonomic regulation of of stress response to painful visceral stimuli (pain fibers to solitary nucleus to parabrachial nucleus) - Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN -> Solitary Nucleus,LPC.HL.SOL -> Parabrachial Nucleus,LPC.HT.PRF.PB
- path SST.LLSN: pain, temperature for ANS (pain fibers to spinal integrator LSN) - Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG -> Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN
- path SST.ULSN: pain, temperature for ANS (pain fibers to spinal integrator LSN) - Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN
SRS - spinoreticular system
- external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinoreticular_tract
- function:automatic responses to pain
SMRT - spinomedulloreticular tract
- external:
- function:automatic responses to pain
- generic path: {visceral pain} -> {MRF, entire cortex}
Tract path details:
- path SRT.MEDL: lower automatic responses to pain; attentional and alerting mechanisms (lower viceral pain to spinal cord to medullary reticular formation; visceral and somatic pain to MRF) - Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG -> Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM -> Central Medullary Reticular Nucleus,LRC.HL.RF.MED
- path SRT.MEDU: upper automatic responses to pain; attentional and alerting mechanisms (upper viceral pain to spinal cord to medullary reticular formation; visceral and somatic pain to MRF) - Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM -> Central Medullary Reticular Nucleus,LRC.HL.RF.MED
SPRT - spinopontoreticular tract
- external:
- function:automatic responses to pain
- generic path: {visceral pain} -> {MRF, entire cortex}
Tract path details:
- path SRT.LVA: exerts excitatory influence predominantly on pontine reticular nuclei to facilitate contraction of extensor muscles of limb and trunk (lower crude touch/vibration to spinal cord to pontine reticular formation to thalamus; utilizes four levels of neurons) - Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM -> Pontine Reticular Formation, Medial Column,HT.RF.MED (Oral Pontine Reticular Nucleus (LRC.HT.PRF.RPO), Caudal Pontine Reticular Nucleus (LRC.HT.PRF.CRF), Parvocellular Reticular Nucleus (LRC.HT.PRF.PVR)) -> Ventral Anterior Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VA
- path SRT.UVA: exerts excitatory influence predominantly on pontine reticular nuclei to facilitate contraction of extensor muscles of limb and trunk (upper crude touch/vibration to spinal cord to pontine reticular formation to thalamus; utilizes four levels of neurons) - Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG -> Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM -> Pontine Reticular Formation, Medial Column,HT.RF.MED (Oral Pontine Reticular Nucleus (LRC.HT.PRF.RPO), Caudal Pontine Reticular Nucleus (LRC.HT.PRF.CRF), Parvocellular Reticular Nucleus (LRC.HT.PRF.PVR)) -> Ventral Anterior Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VA
STCT - spinotectal tract
- external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinotectal_tract
- function:spinovisual reflexes; head/eye movement toward stimulus source
- comments: arises in the anterolateral column
- notes to function:
- arises in the anterolateral column
- generic path: {free nerve endings; crude touch, temperature, pain} -> {inferior and superior colliculi}
Tract path details:
- path STCT: Head and eye attention to non-visual stimuli (crude touch to nucleus proprius to superior colliculus) - Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> Proprius Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.NP -> Deep Superior Colliculus,LRC.MM.SC.DEEP
STS - spinothalamic system
- external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinothalamic_tract
- function:transmits pain mainly from the peripheral slow-chronic type C pain fibers; transmits information to thalamus about pain, temperature, itch and crude touch
- comments: conscious; cervical-anterior-toward-contralateral, thoracic, lumbar, sacral-lateral slices
- notes to function:
- conscious
- cervical-anterior-toward-contralateral, thoracic, lumbar, sacral-lateral slices
ASTT - anterior spinothalamic tract
- external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anterior_spinothalamic_tract
- synonyms: paleospinothalamic anterolateral tract
- function:pain, temperature, light touch (tactile sensibility), two-point discrimination, stereognosis
- generic path: {skin - slow pain, temperature, slightly tactile} -> {BA 3,1,2}
Tract path details:
- path ASTTL: lower slightly tactile (head and body MD,MC,PC,HF receptors to S1) - Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG -> Lower Substantia Gelatinosa,LPC.SC.PH.LSG -> Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPL -> Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1
- path ASTTU: upper slightly tactile (head and body MD,MC,PC,HF receptors to S1) - Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> Upper Substantia Gelatinosa,LPC.SC.PH.USG -> Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPL -> Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1
LSTT - lateral spinothalamic tract
- external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lateral_spinothalamic_tract
- synonyms: neospinothalamic tract
- function:pain, temperature
- generic path: {body pain, temperature, crude touch} -> {BA 3,1,2}
Tract path details:
- path LSTT.MD: lower body pain, temperature for reward (pain to frontal lobe) - Lower Substantia Gelatinosa,LPC.SC.PH.LSG -> Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.MD (Medial Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus (NDM.FD.TH.MDM), Central Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus (NCP.FD.TH.MDC), Lateral Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus (NMA.FD.TH.MDL)) -> Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area,NDM.NC.AL.DACG
- path LSTT.UMD: upper body pain, temperature for reward (pain to frontal lobe) - Upper Substantia Gelatinosa,LPC.SC.PH.USG -> Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.MD (Medial Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus (NDM.FD.TH.MDM), Central Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus (NCP.FD.TH.MDC), Lateral Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus (NMA.FD.TH.MDL)) -> Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area,NDM.NC.AL.DACG
- path LSTTL: lower body pain, temperature (head and body FN,RC receptors to marginal nucleus) - Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> Lower Marginal Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.LMG
- path LSTTL.VPI: lower body pain, temperature for emotion (pain to insula) - Lower Marginal Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.LMG -> Ventral Posteroinferior Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPI -> Posterior Insular Cortex,NCP.NC.INS.PIC
- path LSTTU: upper body pain, temperature (head and body FN,RC receptors to marginal nucleus) - Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> Upper Marginal Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.UMG
- path LSTTU.VPI: upper body pain, temperature for emotion (pain to insula) - Upper Marginal Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.UMG -> Ventral Posteroinferior Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPI -> Posterior Insular Cortex,NCP.NC.INS.PIC
TTS - trigeminothalamic system
- external: http://www.neuroanatomy.wisc.edu/virtualbrain/BrainStem/03CNV.html
- function:all somatosensory submodalities from head
ATTT - anterior trigeminothalamic tract
- external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anterior_trigeminothalamic_tract
- synonyms: ventral trigeminothalamic tract
- function:awareness of the exact location of the painful stimulus; pain, temperature, and crude touch pathway
- generic path: {face, head and neck} -> {SI - BA 1,2}
Tract path details:
- path TTT.GNG: nociceptors (nociceptors of cranial nerves VII to spinal trigeminal nucleus) - Geniculate Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.GNG -> Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HL.TGS.STR
- path TTT.JUG: nociceptors (nociceptors of cranial nerves IX,X to spinal trigeminal nucleus) - Jugular Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.JUG -> Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HL.TGS.STR
- path TTT.NOD: nociceptors (nociceptors of cranial nerves X to spinal trigeminal nucleus) - Nodose Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.NOD -> Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HL.TGS.STR
- path TTT.TRG: nociceptors (head, face and intraoral structures nociceptors to spinal trigeminal nucleus) - Trigeminal Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.TRG -> Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HL.TGS.STR
- path TTT.VPM: nociceptors (spinal trigeminal nucleus to S1) - Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HL.TGS.STR -> Ventral Posteromedial Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPM -> Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1
DTTT - dorsal trigeminal tract
- external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorsal_trigeminal_tract
- synonyms: dorsal trigeminothalamic tract, lemniscus
- function:immediate awareness of a painful sensation; pressure and tactile discrimination sensation
- generic path: {head MC,PC} -> {SII - BA 40,43}
Tract path details:
- path DTT: face dull, burning pain, deep, aching pain, temperature and crude touch (head, face and intraoral structures to Precentral Cortex) - Trigeminal Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.TRG -> Principal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HT.PN.PTR
- path DTT.MD: pain, temperature for reward (marginal nucleus to frontal lobe) - Principal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HT.PN.PTR -> Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.MD (Medial Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus (NDM.FD.TH.MDM), Central Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus (NCP.FD.TH.MDC), Lateral Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus (NMA.FD.TH.MDL)) -> Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area,NDM.NC.AL.DACG
- path DTT.PF: face dull, burning pain, deep, aching pain, temperature and crude touch (head, face and intraoral structures to Precentral Cortex) - Principal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HT.PN.PTR -> Parafascicular Nucleus of Thalamus,FEC.FD.TH.PF -> Precentral Cortex,NCP.NC.PO.PCC
- path DTT.VPI: pain, temperature for emotion (marginal nucleus to insula) - Principal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HT.PN.PTR -> Ventral Posteroinferior Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPI -> Posterior Insular Cortex,NCP.NC.INS.PIC
MLS - medial lemniscus system
- external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medial_lemniscus
- function:transmits touch, vibration sense, proprioception data
PCS - posterior column system
- external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posterior_column-medial_lemniscus_pathway
- synonyms: dorsal column, Reils band, Reils ribbon
- function:two point discrimination (fine touch, fine pressure - MC), pressure (deep receptors - PC), vibration (PC), conscious proprioception (MS)
- comments: alpha/beta mechanoreceptors, conscious; discrimination of those sensations that an animal must explore actively
- notes to function:
- alpha/beta mechanoreceptors, conscious
- discrimination of those sensations that an animal must explore actively
FCT - fasciculus cuneatus tract
- external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuneate_fasciculus
- synonyms: tract of Burdach
- function:upper body well-localized discriminative proprioception, fine touch
- comments: muscle afferents and cutaneous mechanoreceptors (C1-T6 dermatomes); thoracic-toward-contralateral and cervical slices
- notes to function:
- muscle afferents and cutaneous mechanoreceptors (C1-T6 dermatomes)
- thoracic-toward-contralateral and cervical slices
- generic path: {upper trunk, forelimb deep structures and skin} -> {neocortex BA 3b, lateral}
Tract path details:
- path PCT.CUL: conscious sensations of neck, trunk, and extremities (neck (C4), trunk (T1-T6), and extremities - arms (C5-T2) to S1 lateral) - Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> Cuneate Nucleus,LPC.HL.CU -> Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPL -> Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1
- path PCT.CUM: conscious sensations of head (geniohyoid (C1), head top (C2), head back above neck (C3) to S1 medial) - Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> Cuneate Nucleus,LPC.HL.CU -> Ventral Posteromedial Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPM -> Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1
FGT - fasciculus gracilis tract
- external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gracile_fasciculus
- synonyms: tract of Goll
- function:lower body well-localized discriminative fine touch
- comments: sacral-toward-contralateral and lumbar slices; mostly cutaneous (proprioception via CLN)
- notes to function:
- sacral-toward-contralateral and lumbar slices
- mostly cutaneous (proprioception via CLN)
- generic path: {lower body, muscle afferents} -> {somatosensory cortex}
Tract path details:
- path PCT.GRL: epicritic, kinesthetic, and conscious proprioceptive information from lower body (receptors of thoracic and lower limbs, T7-CX to neocortex BA 3b, medial) - Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG -> Gracile Nucleus,LPC.HL.GR -> Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPL -> Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1
SCVT - spinocervical tract
- external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinocervical_pathway
- synonyms: Morin's tract
- function:static position, Ruffini endings
- comments: thoracic-toward-contralateral and cervical slices
- notes to function:
- thoracic-toward-contralateral and cervical slices
- generic path: {receptors of thoracic and lower limbs, T7-CX} -> {somatosensory cortex}
Tract path details:
- path SCVT: tactile/pressure pathway from the spinal cord to sensory cortex (tactile/pressure to S1) - Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG -> Proprius Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.NP -> Lateral Cervical Nucleus,LPC.SC.LH.LCV
- path SCVT.PAG: alerts about presence of cutaneous stimuli that might represent danger, necessitating flight (cutaneous stimuli to PAG) - Lateral Cervical Nucleus,LPC.SC.LH.LCV -> Periaqueductal Gray Matter,LMC.MM.PAG
- path SCVT.VPL: four-neuron, fast-conducting, tactile/pressure pathway from the spinal cord to sensory cortex (tactile/pressure to S1) - Lateral Cervical Nucleus,LPC.SC.LH.LCV -> Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPL -> Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1
SCS - spinocerebellar system
- external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinocerebellar_tract
- function:spinal cord to cerebellum
DSCS - direct spinocerebellar system
- external:
- function:spinal cord nuclei to cerebellum
- comments: lower are dorsal and ventral SC tracts; upper are cuneocerebellar and rostral spinocerebellar tract
- notes to function:
- lower are dorsal and ventral SC tracts
- upper are cuneocerebellar and rostral spinocerebellar tract
CSCT - cuneocerebellar tract
- external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posterior_external_arcuate_fibers
- function:relay information about limb position and movement to the cerebellum
- comments: upper extremity equivalent of Clarkes column to CR tract - posterior spinocerebellar tract
- notes to function:
- upper extremity equivalent of Clarkes column to CR tract - posterior spinocerebellar tract
- generic path: {proprioceptive/fine touch/vibration, C1-C7} -> {cerebellum, vermis and paravermis of the ipsilateral posterior lobe}
Tract path details:
- path CSCT: proprioceptive and exteroceptive information (upper limb muscles to accessory cuneate nucleus to cerebellum) - Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> Accessory Cuneate Nucleus,LPC.HL.ACU -> Cerebellum,LLC.HT.CR (Cerebellar Flocconodular Lobe (LRC.HT.CR.FN), Cerebellar Lateral Lobe (LLC.HT.CR.CC), Cerebellar Paravermis (LLC.HT.CR.PV), Cerebellar Vermis (LRC.HT.CR.VM))
DSCT - dorsal spinocerebellar tract
- external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorsal_spinocerebellar_tract
- synonyms: posterior spinocerebellar tract, Flechsigs tract
- function:conveys proprioceptive information from proprioceptors in the skeletal muscles and joints to the cerebellum
- comments: ipsilateral, proprioceptive and tactile information
- notes to function:
- ipsilateral, proprioceptive and tactile information
- generic path: {neuromuscular spindles and Golgi tendon organs, joint receptors, cutaneous receptors, lower limbs, below L3} -> {cerebellum, mainly ipsilateral anterior lobe}
Tract path details:
- path DSCTL: proprioceptive and exteroceptive information (lower limb muscles to clarkes nucleus to cerebellum) - Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG -> Clarke Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.CL -> Cerebellum,LLC.HT.CR (Cerebellar Flocconodular Lobe (LRC.HT.CR.FN), Cerebellar Lateral Lobe (LLC.HT.CR.CC), Cerebellar Paravermis (LLC.HT.CR.PV), Cerebellar Vermis (LRC.HT.CR.VM))
- path DSCTU: proprioceptive and exteroceptive information (lower limb muscles to clarkes nucleus to cerebellum) - Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> Clarke Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.CL -> Cerebellum,LLC.HT.CR (Cerebellar Flocconodular Lobe (LRC.HT.CR.FN), Cerebellar Lateral Lobe (LLC.HT.CR.CC), Cerebellar Paravermis (LLC.HT.CR.PV), Cerebellar Vermis (LRC.HT.CR.VM))
RSCT - rostral spinocerebellar tract
- external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rostral_spinocerebellar_tract
- function:transmits information from the golgi tendon organs of the cranial half of the body to the cerebellum
- comments: upper extremity equivalent of ventral spinocerebellar tract
- notes to function:
- upper extremity equivalent of ventral spinocerebellar tract
- generic path: {proprioceptive/fine touch/vibration, C1-C7} -> {cerebellum, anterior lobe}
Tract path details:
- path RSCT: proprioceptive information (upper limb muscles to centrobasalis nucleus to cerebellum) - Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> Central Cervical Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.CCV -> Cerebellum,LLC.HT.CR (Cerebellar Flocconodular Lobe (LRC.HT.CR.FN), Cerebellar Lateral Lobe (LLC.HT.CR.CC), Cerebellar Paravermis (LLC.HT.CR.PV), Cerebellar Vermis (LRC.HT.CR.VM))
VSCT - ventral spinocerebellar tract
- external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventral_spinocerebellar_tract
- synonyms: anterior spinocerebellar tract, Gowers tract
- function:conveys information about postural stability of the lower limbs to cerebellum
- comments: bilaterally, double cross, proprioceptive/fine touch/vibration; from nucleus proprius
- notes to function:
- bilaterally, double cross, proprioceptive/fine touch/vibration
- from nucleus proprius
- generic path: {neuromuscular spindles and Golgi tendon organs, trunk, C8-L3} -> {cerebellum}
Tract path details:
- path VSCTL: proprioceptive information (body muscles to intermediomedial nucleus to cerebellum) - Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.LDRG -> Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM -> Cerebellum,LLC.HT.CR (Cerebellar Flocconodular Lobe (LRC.HT.CR.FN), Cerebellar Lateral Lobe (LLC.HT.CR.CC), Cerebellar Paravermis (LLC.HT.CR.PV), Cerebellar Vermis (LRC.HT.CR.VM))
- path VSCTU: proprioceptive information (body muscles to intermediomedial nucleus to cerebellum) - Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> Intermediomedial Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.IMM -> Cerebellum,LLC.HT.CR (Cerebellar Flocconodular Lobe (LRC.HT.CR.FN), Cerebellar Lateral Lobe (LLC.HT.CR.CC), Cerebellar Paravermis (LLC.HT.CR.PV), Cerebellar Vermis (LRC.HT.CR.VM))
SMTS - spinometencephalic system
- external:
- function:spinal cord to intermediate nucleus to cerebellum
SOT - spinoolivary tract
- external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spino-olivary_tract
- synonyms: Helwegs tract
- function:automatic movements of head, neck and upper limb
- generic path: {proprioception information from muscles and tendons, cutaneous impulses} -> {cerebellum}
Tract path details:
- path SOT.CCV: cutaneous information to cerebellum (skin mechanoreceptors to inferior olivary nucleus to cerebellum) - Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> Central Cervical Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.CCV -> Inferior Olivary Nucleus,LLC.HL.IO -> Cerebellum,LLC.HT.CR (Cerebellar Flocconodular Lobe (LRC.HT.CR.FN), Cerebellar Lateral Lobe (LLC.HT.CR.CC), Cerebellar Paravermis (LLC.HT.CR.PV), Cerebellar Vermis (LRC.HT.CR.VM))
- path SOT.NPR: proprioception to cerebellum (muscle spindles and Golgi tendons to inferior olivary nucleus to cerebellum) - Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> Proprius Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.NP -> Inferior Olivary Nucleus,LLC.HL.IO -> Cerebellum,LLC.HT.CR (Cerebellar Flocconodular Lobe (LRC.HT.CR.FN), Cerebellar Lateral Lobe (LLC.HT.CR.CC), Cerebellar Paravermis (LLC.HT.CR.PV), Cerebellar Vermis (LRC.HT.CR.VM))
SVT - spinovestibular tract
- external: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spino-olivary_tract
- function:information from cutaneous and proprioceptive organs to CR
- generic path: {proprioception information from muscles and tendons, cutaneous impulses} -> {cerebellum}
Tract path details:
- path SVT.CCV: cutaneous information to cerebellum (skin mechanoreceptors to vestibular nucleus to cerebellum; C1-C4) - Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.UDRG -> Central Cervical Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.CCV -> Inferior Vestibular Nuclei,LPC.HT.IVBN -> Cerebellum,LLC.HT.CR (Cerebellar Flocconodular Lobe (LRC.HT.CR.FN), Cerebellar Lateral Lobe (LLC.HT.CR.CC), Cerebellar Paravermis (LLC.HT.CR.PV), Cerebellar Vermis (LRC.HT.CR.VM))
