Motor Aggregation Area

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Local Circuits

(generated)

|| *ID* || *Name* || *Regions* || || FLM || Flexor Motor || NMA.FD.TH.VL, BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC NMA.NC.MC || || SEQ || Complex Motor || NMA.FD.TH.MDL, BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_AFEF NMA.NC.PMC.AFEF, BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_CFEF NMA.NC.PMC.CFEF, BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F3 NMA.NC.SMC.F3, BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F6 NMA.NC.SMC.F6, BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_SEF NMA.NC.SMC.SEF || || XTM || Extensor Motor || NMA.FD.TH.VA, BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F2 NMA.NC.PMC.F2, BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F4 NMA.NC.PMC.F4, BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F5 NMA.NC.PMC.F5, BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F7 NMA.NC.PMC.F7 ||

Flexor Motor

unavailable

|| *Component ID* || *Component Name* || *Type* || *Service* || *Function* || *Comments* || || NMA.FD.TH.VL || Ventral Lateral Nucleus || nucleus || NMU || Relay BSA.CR to MCA.MC || Executive motor || || NMA.NC.MC || Motor Cortex || cortex, BA 04 || NMU || Execution of required voluntary movements || F1; Encode individual movements ||

Internal Region Connections:*

|| *Source Region* || *Target Region* || *Type* || *Reference* || || NMA.FD.TH.VL || BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC NMA.NC.MC || nucleus-neocortex || [Thalamocortical relationships (VL -> pVL)] ||

External Inbound Region Connections:*

|| *Source Area* || *Local Region* || *Source Region* || *Source Name* || *Type* || *Reference* || || Cortical || || || || || || || NMA || BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC NMA.NC.MC || BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F2 NMA.NC.PMC.F2 || Dorsal Caudal Premotor Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || [Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (PMC -> MC, abstract)] || || || || NMA.NC.PMC.F5 || Ventral Rostral Premotor Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || [Primate Control of Grasping (F5 -> F1)] || || NSA || BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC NMA.NC.MC || BrainRegionNSA_NC_PG_PV NSA.NC.PG.PV || Parietal Ventral Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || [Global visual system (ParietalCortex -> FrontalCortex, abstract)] || || || || NSA.NC.PG.S2 || Secondary Somatosensory Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || [Global visual system (ParietalCortex -> FrontalCortex, abstract)] || || Subcortical || || || || || || || FEC || BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VL NMA.FD.TH.VL || BrainRegionFEC_FT_GPI_LT FEC.FT.GPI.LT || Globus Pallidus Internal Lateral || nucleus-nucleus-gaba || [Thalamocortical relationships (s2VL -> VL, abstract)] || || LLC || BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VL NMA.FD.TH.VL || BrainRegionLLC_HP_CR_DN LLC.HP.CR.DN || Dentate Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || [Thalamocortical relationships (s1VL -> VL, abstract)] ||

External Outbound Region Connections:*

|| *Target Area* || *Local Region* || *Target Region* || *Target Name* || *Type* || *Reference* || || Cortical || || || || || || || NMA || BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VL NMA.FD.TH.VL || BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F5 NMA.NC.PMC.F5 || Ventral Rostral Premotor Cortex || nucleus-neocortex || [Basal Ganglia Activity (VLo -> PMC, abstract)] || || || || NMA.NC.SMC.F6 || Pre-Supplementary Motor Area || nucleus-neocortex || [Basal Ganglia Activity (VLo -> SMC, abstract)] || || Subcortical || || || || || || || FEC || BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC NMA.NC.MC || BrainRegionFEC_FD_STN_LT FEC.FD.STN.LT || Subthalamic Nucleus Lateral || neocortex-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || || FEC.FT.PU.LT || Dorsal Putamen Lateral || neocortex-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || LLC || BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC NMA.NC.MC || BrainRegionLLC_HP_PN_PBB LLC.HP.PN.PBB || Pontobulbar Body || neocortex-nucleus || [Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (MC -> PN, abstract)] || || || || LLC.HP.PRF.PDT || Pontine Reticulotegmental Nucleus || neocortex-nucleus || [Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> RF, abstract)] || || LPC || BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC NMA.NC.MC || BrainRegionLPC_HM_AMB LPC.HM.AMB || Ambiguus Nucleus || neocortex-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || || LPC.SC.VH.ONF || Onuf's Nucleus || neocortex-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || || LPC.SC.VH.PL || Posterolateral Nucleus || neocortex-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || || LPC.SC.VH.PM || Posteromedial Nucleus || neocortex-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || || LPC.SC.VH.RPL || Retroposterolateral Nucleus || neocortex-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || LRC || BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC NMA.NC.MC || BrainRegionLRC_HP_PRF_CRF LRC.HP.PRF.CRF || Caudal Pontine Reticular Nucleus || neocortex-nucleus || [Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> RF, abstract)] ||

Complex Motor

unavailable

|| *Component ID* || *Component Name* || *Type* || *Service* || *Function* || *Comments* || || NMA.FD.TH.MDL || Lateral Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus || nucleus || NPU || relay tegmentum to dorsal cingulate cortex || Relay Superior Colliculus, TH-LD, LDTG, IPD to
ACCdl || || NMA.NC.PMC.AFEF || Anterior Frontal Eye Field || cortex, BA 08 || NMU || Head and eye movements toward auditory stimuli || longer saccades, dorsomedial - 8A (8Ac, 8Am), but
not 8Ar; 8Ac - saccades || || NMA.NC.PMC.CFEF || Caudal Frontal Eye Field || cortex, BA 08 || NMU || Head and eye movements toward visual stimuli || shorter saccades || || NMA.NC.SMC.F3 || Supplementary Motor Area || cortex, BA 06 || NMU || Movement execution; Numerical and verbal mental-operation tasks || from TH/VLo from from putamen; F1/F2/F4/24d -
strong; F6/F7/F5/24c - modest; no input from the
prefrontal lobe || || NMA.NC.SMC.F6 || Pre-Supplementary Motor Area || cortex, BA 06 || NMU || High level motor functions; Numerical and verbal mental-operation tasks || from TH/VLpc, MD from caudate, CR; F5/24c/46; no
connections with F1 || || NMA.NC.SMC.SEF || Supplementary Eye Field || cortex, BA 06 || NMU || high level aspects of saccade control || Complex spatial transformations, learned
transformations, and executive cognitive functions;
dorsorostral of F7 ||

Internal Region Connections:*

|| *Source Region* || *Target Region* || *Type* || *Reference* || || NMA.FD.TH.MDL || BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_AFEF NMA.NC.PMC.AFEF || nucleus-neocortex || [Oculomotor decision-making (Thalamus -> FEF, abstract)] || || NMA.NC.PMC.CFEF || BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_AFEF NMA.NC.PMC.AFEF || neocortex-neocortex || (unknown reference) || || NMA.NC.SMC.SEF || BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_AFEF NMA.NC.PMC.AFEF || neocortex-neocortex || [Summary of eye movement control (SEF -> FEF, abstract)] ||

External Inbound Region Connections:*

|| *Source Area* || *Local Region* || *Source Region* || *Source Name* || *Type* || *Reference* || || Cortical || || || || || || || NDM || BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_AFEF NMA.NC.PMC.AFEF || BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DLPFCL NDM.NC.AL.DLPFCL || Lateral Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || [Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (LPFC -> PMC, abstract)] || || || NMA.NC.SMC.SEF || BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DLPFCR NDM.NC.AL.DLPFCR || Rostral Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || [3 Visual Cortex Paths (LPC -> pre-SMA, abstract)] || || NMA || BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F3 NMA.NC.SMC.F3 || BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VA NMA.FD.TH.VA || Ventral Anterior Nucleus || nucleus-neocortex || [Thalamocortical relationships (VA -> pVA, abstract)] || || || || NMA.NC.PMC.F4 || Ventral Caudal Premotor Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || (unknown reference) || || || NMA.NC.SMC.F6 || BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VL NMA.FD.TH.VL || Ventral Lateral Nucleus || nucleus-neocortex || [Basal Ganglia Activity (VLo -> SMC, abstract)] || || NPE || BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_AFEF NMA.NC.PMC.AFEF || BrainRegionNPE_NC_BRA_PO NPE.NC.BRA.PO || Broca's Area Pars Opercularis || neocortex-neocortex || [Cortical Auditory System (IFC44 -> PMC8, abstract)] || || || NMA.NC.PMC.CFEF || BrainRegionNPE_NC_IPS_LIP NPE.NC.IPS.LIP || Lateral Intraparietal Sulcus || neocortex-neocortex || [Summary of eye movement control (PEF -> FEF, abstract)] || || || NMA.NC.SMC.SEF || BrainRegionNPE_NC_SPL_PG NPE.NC.SPL.PG || Caudal Precuneus || neocortex-neocortex || [Movement Planning (PPC -> SMC, abstract)] || || NSA || BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_CFEF NMA.NC.PMC.CFEF || BrainRegionNSA_NC_IT_TE NSA.NC.IT.TE || Inferotemporal Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || [Saccades and smooth movements (TEF -> FEF, abstract)] || || Subcortical || || || || || || || FEC || BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_MDL NMA.FD.TH.MDL || BrainRegionFEC_FT_SNR_MED FEC.FT.SNR.MED || Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Medial || nucleus-nucleus-gaba || [Saccadic Vision (BG -> Thalamus, abstract)] ||

External Outbound Region Connections:*

|| *Target Area* || *Local Region* || *Target Region* || *Target Name* || *Type* || *Reference* || || Cortical || || || || || || || NDM || BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_MDL NMA.FD.TH.MDL || BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DACG NDM.NC.AL.DACG || Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area || nucleus-neocortex || [Saccadic Vision (Thalamus -> FrontalCortex, abstract)] || || NMA || BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_AFEF NMA.NC.PMC.AFEF || BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F7 NMA.NC.PMC.F7 || Dorsal Rostral Premotor Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || (unknown reference) || || || NMA.NC.PMC.CFEF || BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F5 NMA.NC.PMC.F5 || Ventral Rostral Premotor Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || (unknown reference) || || || NMA.NC.SMC.F3 || BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F2 NMA.NC.PMC.F2 || Dorsal Caudal Premotor Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || [3 Visual Cortex Paths (pre-SMA -> dPM, abstract)] || || || || NMA.NC.PMC.F5 || Ventral Rostral Premotor Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || [3 Visual Cortex Paths (pre-SMA -> vPM, abstract)] || || || NMA.NC.SMC.F6 || BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F5 NMA.NC.PMC.F5 || Ventral Rostral Premotor Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || [Primate Control of Grasping (F6 -> F5)] || || Subcortical || || || || || || || FEC || BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_AFEF NMA.NC.PMC.AFEF || BrainRegionFEC_FT_CN_BD FEC.FT.CN.BD || Caudate Nucleus Body || neocortex-nucleus || [Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> BGA, abstract)] || || || NMA.NC.SMC.F3 || BrainRegionFEC_FT_PU_MED FEC.FT.PU.MED || Dorsal Putamen Medial || neocortex-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || NMA.NC.SMC.F6 || BrainRegionFEC_FD_STN_MED FEC.FD.STN.MED || Subthalamic Nucleus Medial || neocortex-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || LLC || BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F3 NMA.NC.SMC.F3 || BrainRegionLLC_HP_PRF_PDT LLC.HP.PRF.PDT || Pontine Reticulotegmental Nucleus || neocortex-nucleus || [Vocal Control (M2 -> RF, abstract)] || || LRC || BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_AFEF NMA.NC.PMC.AFEF || BrainRegionLRC_HP_PRF_GCR LRC.HP.PRF.GCR || Gigantocellular Reticular Nucleus || neocortex-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || || LRC.HP.PRF.RPO || Oral Pontine Reticular Nucleus || neocortex-nucleus || [Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> RF, abstract)] || || || || LRC.MM.CJ || Cajal Nucleus || neocortex-nucleus || [Summary of eye movement control (FEF -> riMLF, abstract)] || || || || LRC.MM.DSCH || Darkschewitsch Nucleus || neocortex-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || || LRC.MM.SC.INT || Intermediate Superior Colliculus || neocortex-nucleus || [Summary of eye movement control (FEF -> SC, abstract)] || || || NMA.NC.SMC.F3 || BrainRegionLRC_HP_PRF_CRF LRC.HP.PRF.CRF || Caudal Pontine Reticular Nucleus || neocortex-nucleus || [Vocal Control (M2 -> RF, abstract)] || || || || LRC.HP.PRF.GCR || Gigantocellular Reticular Nucleus || neocortex-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || NMA.NC.SMC.SEF || BrainRegionLRC_MM_RP_RIP LRC.MM.RP.RIP || Raphe Interpositus Nucleus || neocortex-nucleus || [Horizontal saccades and smooth pursuit movements (FEFSEF -> RIP, abstract)] ||

Extensor Motor

unavailable

|| *Component ID* || *Component Name* || *Type* || *Service* || *Function* || *Comments* || || NMA.FD.TH.VA || Ventral Anterior Nucleus || nucleus || NMU || Relay BGA.SN, BGA.GPI, FCA.OMPFC, FCA.CG to MCA.PMC, MCA.SMC || Cognitive motor || || NMA.NC.PMC.F2 || Dorsal Caudal Premotor Cortex || cortex, BA 06 || NMU || Guiding reaching || 6DC; Active during preparation for reach and also
during reach itself; leg and arm; transform sensory
information into motor representation; preparation
and execution of motor acts || || NMA.NC.PMC.F4 || Ventral Caudal Premotor Cortex || cortex, BA 06 || NMU || Sensory guidance of movement || 6VC; Neurons are especially sensitive to objects in
space immediately surrounding body; move head, face
and arm || || NMA.NC.PMC.F5 || Ventral Rostral Premotor Cortex || cortex, BA 06 || NMU || Shaping hand during grasping || 6VR; Mirror neurons - both sensory and motor; arm;
F5c=convexity - F1/F4/F2VR/F6/F3/24d/24c,
F5p=posterior - F3/F4/F1/24c/24a, F5a=anterior -
F4/F6/24c/24d/24a/46v/12r/12l || || NMA.NC.PMC.F7 || Dorsal Rostral Premotor Cortex || cortex, BA 06 || NMU || Associate arbitrary sensory stimuli with specific eye movements || 6DR; Can evoke eye movements; strong afferents from
DLPFC; convey inputs to caudal concerning
motivation, long term plans, memory of past
actions; integrates sensory and internally driven
inputs for planning of goal-directed actions ||