Latest revision as of 18:33, 28 April 2019

Motor Cortex

@@Home -> BiologicalLifeResearch -> BrainAreaNMA -> BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC

This page covers biological details of component Motor Cortex. Region is part of aHuman target integrated biological model.

Top-down path to region: Cerebral Cortex -> Anterior Lobe (NC.LOBE.ANT) -> Motor Cortex (NMA.NC.MC) (see Mind Maps)
Type: cortex
Quality: L0
Brain area: Neocortical Brain - Motor Aggregation Area (NMA)
Area circuit: Flexor Motor (FLM)
Brodmann ID: 04
Role: cortex.motor.flexor
Function: Execution of required voluntary movements
Notes to function:
- F1
- Encode individual movements

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Components

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no child items defined

Connectivity

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NMA.NC.MC.dot.png

Inbound Region Connections:

Source Area	Source Region	Source Name	Type	Role	Reference
NCP	NCP.NC.PG.PV	Parietal Ventral Cortex	feedforward-glu	uncertain	Global visual system (ParietalCortex -> FrontalCortex, abstract)
	NCP.NC.PG.S1	Primary Somatosensory Cortex	feedforward-glu	uncertain	Cortico-Cortical Connectivity (S1 -> M1)
	NCP.NC.PG.S2	Secondary Somatosensory Cortex	feedforward-glu	uncertain	Global visual system (ParietalCortex -> FrontalCortex, abstract)
NMA	NMA.FD.TH.VL	Ventral Lateral Nucleus	excitatory-glu	uncertain	Thalamocortical relationships (VL -> pVL)
	NMA.NC.PMC.F2	Dorsal Caudal Premotor Cortex	feedforward-glu	uncertain	Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (PMC -> MC, abstract)
	NMA.NC.PMC.F5	Ventral Rostral Premotor Cortex	feedforward-glu	uncertain	Primate Control of Grasping (F5 -> F1)

Outbound Region Connections:

Target Area	Target Region	Target Name	Type	Role	Reference
FEC	FEC.FD.STN.LT	Subthalamic Nucleus Lateral	excitatory-glu	uncertain	Functional subdivisions of the subthalamic nucleus (MC -> STN, abstract)
	FEC.FT.PU.LT	Dorsal Putamen Lateral	excitatory-glu	uncertain	Basal Ganglia Activity (M1 -> PU, abstract)
LLC	LLC.HT.BPN	Basilar Pontine Nuclei	excitatory-glu	uncertain	Cerebellum functional divisions (CTX -> PNN, abstract)
	LLC.HT.PN.PBB	Pontobulbar Body	excitatory-glu	uncertain	Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (MC -> PN, abstract)
	LLC.HT.PRF.RTMG	Pontine Reticulotegmental Nucleus	excitatory-glu	uncertain	Motor neurons control (CTX -> PRF, abstract)
LPC	LPC.HL.AMB	Ambiguus Nucleus	excitatory-glu	uncertain	(unknown reference)
	LPC.SC.VH.ONF	Onuf's Nucleus	excitatory-glu	uncertain	Cerebellum functional divisions (CTX -> SCM, abstract)
	LPC.SC.VH.PL	Posterolateral Nucleus	excitatory-glu	uncertain	Cerebellum functional divisions (CTX -> SCM, abstract)
	LPC.SC.VH.PM	Posteromedial Nucleus	excitatory-glu	uncertain	Cerebellum functional divisions (CTX -> SCM, abstract)
	LPC.SC.VH.RPL	Retroposterolateral Nucleus	excitatory-glu	uncertain	Cerebellum functional divisions (CTX -> SCM, abstract)
LRC	LRC.HT.PRF.CRF	Caudal Pontine Reticular Nucleus	excitatory-glu	uncertain	Motor neurons control (CTX -> PRF, abstract)

Thirdparty Circuits

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Global visual system - see Reference (CP.GLOBAL-VISUAL-SYSTEM)

ATH=Anterior Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.AN (see Cognitive Thalamus)
BGA=Basal Ganglia,FEC.FT.BG
FrontalCortex=Anterior Lobe,NC.LOBE.ANT
LGN=Lateral Geniculate Nucleus,NSA.FD.LGN
OPN=Oculomotor Nucleus,LPC.MM.OCN
ParietalCortex=Parietal Lobe,NC.LOBE.PAR
Pulvinar=Pulvinar,FD.PV (see Sensory Thalamus)
RF=Pontine Reticular Formation,HT.RF
Retina=Retinal Nucleus,LPC.FD.RT
SCi=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon)
SCs=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon)
SNc=Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Lateral,FEC.FT.SNC.LT
SNr=Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Dorsolateral,FEC.FT.SNR.DL
SpinalCord=Lamina IX,SC.VH.L9 (see Anterior/Ventral Horn)
Striatum=Striatum,FEC.FT.ST (see Basal Ganglia)
VisualCortex=Occipital Lobe,NC.LOBE.OCC

Functional subdivisions of the subthalamic nucleus - see Reference (CM.STN-CONN)

ACG=Anterior Cingulate Cortex,NC.AL.ACG (see Anterior Cingulate Area)
FEF=Frontal Eye Field,NMA.NC.PMC.FEF (see Premotor Cortex)
GPe=Globus Pallidus External,FEC.FT.GPE (see Basal Ganglia)
GPi=Globus Pallidus Internal,FEC.FT.GPI (see Basal Ganglia)
MC=Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC
SNr=Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata,FEC.FT.SNR (see Basal Ganglia)
STN=Subthalamic Nucleus,FEC.FD.STN (see Subthalamus Area)
VP=Ventral Pallidum,FEC.FT.VP (see Basal Ganglia)

Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior - see Reference (CM.PFC-MOTOR)

CN.PU=Striatum,FEC.FT.ST (see Basal Ganglia)
CR=Cerebellar Complex,LLC.HT.CRC
GP=Globus Pallidus,FEC.FT.GP (see Basal Ganglia)
LPFC=Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex,NDM.NC.AL.DLPFC (see Lateral Prefrontal Cortex)
MC=Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC
PMC=Premotor Cortex,NC.PMC
PN=Pontine Nuclear Complex,HT.PN (see Metencephalic Sensory Nuclei)
SN=Substantia Nigra,FEC.FT.SN (see Basal Ganglia)
TH=Ventral Thalamus,FD.TH.VTH (see Motor Thalamus)

Motor neurons control - see Reference (CM.CR-MN)

CR=Cerebellum,LLC.HT.CR (see Cerebellar Complex)
CTX=Anterior Lobe,NC.LOBE.ANT
EAMN=Anterior/Ventral Horn,SC.VH
EGMN=Anterior/Ventral Horn,SC.VH
FAMN=Anterior/Ventral Horn,SC.VH
FG=Fastigual Nucleus,LRC.HT.CR.FG
IP=Interposed Nucleus,LLC.HT.CR.IP (see Cerebellar Complex)
LT=Dentate Nucleus,LLC.HT.CR.DN
MRF=Medullary Reticular Formation,HL.RF
PRF=Pontine Reticular Formation,HT.RF
RD=Red Nucleus,LLC.MM.RD
VB=Vestibular Nuclei,LPC.HT.VBN

Cerebellum functional divisions - see Reference (CM.CR-DECUSSATION)

CCV=Central Cervical Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.CCV
CRP=Cerebellar Lateral Lobe,LLC.HT.CR.CC
CRS=Cerebellar Paravermis,LLC.HT.CR.PV
CRV=Cerebellar Vermis,LRC.HT.CR.VM
CTX=Anterior Lobe,NC.LOBE.ANT
DN=Dentate Nucleus,LLC.HT.CR.DN
FG=Fastigual Nucleus,LRC.HT.CR.FG
IO=Inferior Olivary Nucleus,LLC.HL.IO
IP=Interposed Nucleus,LLC.HT.CR.IP (see Cerebellar Complex)
LT=Dentate Nucleus,LLC.HT.CR.DN
PNN=Basilar Pontine Nuclei,LLC.HT.BPN
RD=Red Nucleus,LLC.MM.RD
RF=Pontine Reticular Formation,HT.RF
SCM=Anterior/Ventral Horn,SC.VH
SCS=Proprius Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.NP
SCSD=Clarke Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.CL
VB=Vestibular Nuclei,LPC.HT.VBN
VBG=Vestibular Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.VB
VL=Ventral Lateral Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VL

Basal Ganglia Activity - see Reference (CM.BASAL-GANGLIA-ACTIVITY)

GPi=Globus Pallidus Internal,FEC.FT.GPI (see Basal Ganglia)
GPo=Globus Pallidus External,FEC.FT.GPE (see Basal Ganglia)
M1=Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC
PMC=Premotor Cortex,NC.PMC
PU=Dorsal Putamen,FEC.FT.DPU (see Basal Ganglia)
S1=Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1
SMC=Supplementary Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.SMC
SN=Substantia Nigra,FEC.FT.SN (see Basal Ganglia)
STN=Subthalamic Nucleus,FEC.FD.STN (see Subthalamus Area)
VLo=Ventral Lateral Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VL

Cortico-Cortical Connectivity - see Reference (CL.CORTICO-CORTICAL-CONNECTIVITY)

A1=Primary Auditory Cortex,NSA.NC.TTG.A1
AA=Wernicke's area A3,NSA.NC.STG.A3
M1=Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC
MA=Premotor Cortex,NC.PMC
PFC=Prefrontal Cortex,NC.AL.PFC
PTHA=Inferior Parietal Lobule,NC.IPL
S1=Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1
SA=Somatosensory Association Cortex,NCP.NC.SPL.SA
V1=Primary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V1
VA=Secondary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V2 (see Occipital Lobe)

Two extended parallel pathways for decision making - see Reference (CT.PREFRONTAL-FOR-CONSCIOUSNESS)

DLPFC=Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex,NDM.NC.AL.DLPFC (see Lateral Prefrontal Cortex)
IT=Inferotemporal Area,NSA.NC.IT
M1=Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC
PC=Parietal Lobe,NC.LOBE.PAR
PM=Premotor Cortex,NC.PMC
V1=Occipital Lobe,NC.LOBE.OCC
VLPFC=Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex,NDM.NC.AL.DLPFC (see Lateral Prefrontal Cortex)

3 Visual Cortex Paths - see Reference (CP.BASE-VISUAL-CORTEX-FLOWS)

IPL=Inferior Parietal Lobule,NC.IPL
IPS=Intraparietal Sulcus,NSA.NC.IPS
IT=Inferotemporal Area,NSA.NC.IT
LPC=Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex,NDM.NC.AL.DLPFC (see Lateral Prefrontal Cortex)
MI=Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC
OCC=Occipital Lobe,NC.LOBE.OCC
SPL=Superior Parietal Lobule,NC.SPL
dPM=Dorsal Premotor Cortex,MCA.NC.DPMC (see Premotor Cortex)
pre-SMA=Supplementary Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.SMC
vPM=Ventral Premotor Cortex,MCA.NC.VPMC (see Premotor Cortex)

Sensimotor Nerves - see Reference (CM.SENSIMOTOR-NERVES)

MC=Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC

Sensimotor Interactions - see Reference (CM.SENSIMOTOR-INTERACTIONS)

MC=Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC

Divisions of Cortical Motor System - see Reference (CM.MOTOR-DIVISIONS)

M1=Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC

Motor Cortices (unknown reference) (CM.MOTOR-CORTICES)

M1=Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC

Primate Control of Grasping - see Reference (CM.GRASPING-CONTROL)

46=Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex,NDM.NC.AL.DLPFC (see Lateral Prefrontal Cortex)
AIP=Anterior Intraparietal Sulcus,NSA.NC.IPS.AIP
BG=Basal Ganglia,FEC.FT.BG
BTH=Ventral Anterior Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VA
F1=Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC
F2=Dorsal Caudal Premotor Cortex,NMA.NC.PMC.F2
F4=Ventral Caudal Premotor Cortex,NMA.NC.PMC.F4
F5=Ventral Rostral Premotor Cortex,NMA.NC.PMC.F5
F6=Pre-Supplementary Motor Area,NMA.NC.SMC.F6
IT=Inferotemporal Area,NSA.NC.IT
PIP=Posterior Eye Field,NPE.NC.IPS.PEF (see Intraparietal Sulcus)
S1=Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1
S2=Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1
VC=Occipital Lobe,NC.LOBE.OCC
VIP=Ventral Intraparietal Sulcus,NSA.NC.IPS.VIP

Corticospinal pathway - see Reference (CM.CORTICOSPINAL-PATHWAY)

M1=Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC

Thalamocortical relationships - see Reference (CL.THALAMUS-PROJECTIONS)

A=Anterior Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.AN (see Cognitive Thalamus)
CM=Centromedian Nucleus of Thalamus,FEC.FD.TH.CM
LD=Lateral Dorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FMM.FD.TH.LD
LGN=Lateral Geniculate Nucleus,NSA.FD.LGN
LP=Lateral Posterior Nucleus of Thalamus,NPE.FD.TH.LP
MD=Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.MD (see Cognitive Thalamus)
MGN=Medial Geniculate Body,NSA.FD.TH.MGB
P=Ventral Posterior Nuclei,NSA.FD.TH.VP (see Sensory Thalamus)
VA=Ventral Anterior Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VA
VL=Ventral Lateral Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VL
VPL=Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPL
VPM=Ventral Posteromedial Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPM
pA=Posterior Cingulate Cortex,NCP.NC.MPL.PSCG
pCM=Dorsal Putamen,FEC.FT.DPU (see Basal Ganglia)
pLD=Anterior Cingulate Cortex,NC.AL.ACG (see Anterior Cingulate Area)
pLGN=Primary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V1
pLP=Superior Parietal Lobule,NC.SPL
pMD=Prefrontal Cortex,NC.AL.PFC
pMGN=Primary Auditory Cortex,NSA.NC.TTG.A1
pP=Insular Cortex,NC.INS
pVA=Supplementary Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.SMC
pVL=Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC
pVPL=Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1
pVPM=Precentral Cortex,NCP.NC.PO.PCC
s1A=Subiculum,FMM.FT.HF.SUB (see Hippocampal Formation)
s1MD=Septal Nuclei,FAM.FT.SEP
s1P=Central Cervical Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.CCV
s1VL=Dentate Nucleus,LLC.HT.CR.DN
s2A=Mammillary Body,FD.MB (see Hypothalamus)
s2MD=Piriform Cortex,NSA.NC.PH.PIR
s2P=Principal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HT.PN.PTR
s2VL=Basal Ganglia,FEC.FT.BG
s3MD=Prefrontal Cortex,NC.AL.PFC
sCM=Globus Pallidus Internal,FEC.FT.GPI (see Basal Ganglia)
sLD=Superior Parietal Lobule,NC.SPL
sLP=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon)
sVA=Basal Ganglia,FEC.FT.BG
sVPL=Marginal Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.MG (see Posterior/Dorsal Horn)
sVPM=Solitary Nucleus,LPC.HL.SOL

References

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Difference between revisions of "BrainRegionNMA NC MC"

Latest revision as of 18:33, 28 April 2019

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Thirdparty Circuits

References

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 <pre style="color: green">Motor Cortex</pre>
 @@[[Home]] -> [[BiologicalLifeResearch]] -> [[BrainAreaNMA]] -> [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC]]
@@ Line 9: / Line 8: @@
 * '''Top-down path to region''': Cerebral Cortex -> Anterior Lobe (NC.LOBE.ANT) -> [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC|Motor Cortex]] (NMA.NC.MC) (see [[OverallMindMaps|Mind Maps]])
 * '''Type''': cortex
-* '''Brain area''': [[BrainAreaNMA|Neocortical Brain - Motor Aggregation Area]]
+* '''Quality''': L0
+* '''Brain area''': [[BrainAreaNMA|Neocortical Brain - Motor Aggregation Area]] (NMA)
+* '''Area circuit''': Flexor Motor (FLM)
 * '''Brodmann ID''': 04
-* '''Role''': processor
+* '''Role''': cortex.motor.flexor
 * '''Function''': Execution of required voluntary movements
-* '''Notes to function''': F1; Encode individual movements
+* '''Notes to function''':
+** F1
+**  Encode individual movements
 (generated)
 = Components =
@@ Line 30: / Line 33: @@
 {| class=wikitable width=80%
-| '''Source Area''' || '''Source Region''' || '''Source Name''' || '''Type''' || '''Reference'''
+| '''Source Area''' || '''Source Region''' || '''Source Name''' || '''Type''' || '''Role''' || '''Reference'''
 |-
-| [[BrainAreaNMA|NMA]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VL|NMA.FD.TH.VL]] || Ventral Lateral Nucleus || excitatory-glu || [http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/ Thalamocortical relationships (VL -> pVL)]
+| [[BrainAreaNCP|NCP]] || [[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_PV|NCP.NC.PG.PV]] || Parietal Ventral Cortex || feedforward-glu || uncertain ||[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Global visual system (ParietalCortex -> FrontalCortex, abstract)]
 |-
-|  || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F2|NMA.NC.PMC.F2]] || Dorsal Caudal Premotor Cortex || feedforward-glu || [https://www.google.ru/search?hl=rutbo=ptbm=bksq=isbn:0080887988 Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (PMC -> MC, abstract)]
+|  || [[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1|NCP.NC.PG.S1]] || Primary Somatosensory Cortex || feedforward-glu || uncertain ||[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053810011000080 Cortico-Cortical Connectivity (S1 -> M1)]
 |-
-|  || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F5|NMA.NC.PMC.F5]] || Ventral Rostral Premotor Cortex || feedforward-glu || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (F5 -> F1)]
+|  || [[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S2|NCP.NC.PG.S2]] || Secondary Somatosensory Cortex || feedforward-glu || uncertain ||[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Global visual system (ParietalCortex -> FrontalCortex, abstract)]
 |-
-| [[BrainAreaNSA|NSA]] || [[BrainRegionNSA_NC_PG_PV|NSA.NC.PG.PV]] || Parietal Ventral Cortex || feedforward-glu || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Global visual system (ParietalCortex -> FrontalCortex, abstract)]
+| [[BrainAreaNMA|NMA]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VL|NMA.FD.TH.VL]] || Ventral Lateral Nucleus || excitatory-glu || uncertain ||[http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/ Thalamocortical relationships (VL -> pVL)]
 |-
-|  || [[BrainRegionNSA_NC_PG_S1|NSA.NC.PG.S1]] || Primary Somatosensory Cortex || feedforward-glu || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053810011000080 Cortico-Cortical Connectivity (S1 -> M1)]
+|  || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F2|NMA.NC.PMC.F2]] || Dorsal Caudal Premotor Cortex || feedforward-glu || uncertain ||[https://www.google.ru/search?hl=rutbo=ptbm=bksq=isbn:0080887988 Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (PMC -> MC, abstract)]
 |-
-|  || [[BrainRegionNSA_NC_PG_S2|NSA.NC.PG.S2]] || Secondary Somatosensory Cortex || feedforward-glu || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Global visual system (ParietalCortex -> FrontalCortex, abstract)]
+|  || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F5|NMA.NC.PMC.F5]] || Ventral Rostral Premotor Cortex || feedforward-glu || uncertain ||[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (F5 -> F1)]
 |}
@@ Line 48: / Line 51: @@
 {| class=wikitable width=80%
-| '''Target Area''' || '''Target Region''' || '''Target Name''' || '''Type''' || '''Reference'''
+| '''Target Area''' || '''Target Region''' || '''Target Name''' || '''Type''' || '''Role''' || '''Reference'''
 |-
-| [[BrainAreaFEC|FEC]] || [[BrainRegionFEC_FD_STN_LT|FEC.FD.STN.LT]] || Subthalamic Nucleus Lateral || excitatory-glu || (unknown reference)
+| [[BrainAreaFEC|FEC]] || [[BrainRegionFEC_FD_STN_LT|FEC.FD.STN.LT]] || Subthalamic Nucleus Lateral || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://www.neurology.org/content/70/21/1991/F2.expansion.html Functional subdivisions of the subthalamic nucleus (MC -> STN, abstract)]
 |-
-|  || [[BrainRegionFEC_FT_PU_LT|FEC.FT.PU.LT]] || Dorsal Putamen Lateral || excitatory-glu || [http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_06/a_06_cr/a_06_cr_mou/a_06_cr_mou.html Basal Ganglia Activity (M1 -> PU, abstract)]
+|  || [[BrainRegionFEC_FT_PU_LT|FEC.FT.PU.LT]] || Dorsal Putamen Lateral || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_06/a_06_cr/a_06_cr_mou/a_06_cr_mou.html Basal Ganglia Activity (M1 -> PU, abstract)]
 |-
-| [[BrainAreaLLC|LLC]] || [[BrainRegionLLC_HT_PN_PBB|LLC.HT.PN.PBB]] || Pontobulbar Body || excitatory-glu || [https://www.google.ru/search?hl=rutbo=ptbm=bksq=isbn:0080887988 Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (MC -> PN, abstract)]
+| [[BrainAreaLLC|LLC]] || [[BrainRegionLLC_HT_BPN|LLC.HT.BPN]] || Basilar Pontine Nuclei || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://instruct.uwo.ca/anatomy/530/cblm.htm Cerebellum functional divisions (CTX -> PNN, abstract)]
 |-
-|  || [[BrainRegionLLC_HT_PRF_PDT|LLC.HT.PRF.PDT]] || Pontine Reticulotegmental Nucleus || excitatory-glu || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> RF, abstract)]
+|  || [[BrainRegionLLC_HT_PN_PBB|LLC.HT.PN.PBB]] || Pontobulbar Body || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [https://www.google.ru/search?hl=rutbo=ptbm=bksq=isbn:0080887988 Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (MC -> PN, abstract)]
 |-
-| [[BrainAreaLPC|LPC]] || [[BrainRegionLPC_HL_AMB|LPC.HL.AMB]] || Ambiguus Nucleus || excitatory-glu || (unknown reference)
+|  || [[BrainRegionLLC_HT_PRF_RTMG|LLC.HT.PRF.RTMG]] || Pontine Reticulotegmental Nucleus || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://openagrosrl.com/www/page/292/ Motor neurons control (CTX -> PRF, abstract)]
 |-
-|  || [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_VH_ONF|LPC.SC.VH.ONF]] || Onuf's Nucleus || excitatory-glu || (unknown reference)
+| [[BrainAreaLPC|LPC]] || [[BrainRegionLPC_HL_AMB|LPC.HL.AMB]] || Ambiguus Nucleus || excitatory-glu || uncertain || (unknown reference)
 |-
-|  || [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_VH_PL|LPC.SC.VH.PL]] || Posterolateral Nucleus || excitatory-glu || (unknown reference)
+|  || [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_VH_ONF|LPC.SC.VH.ONF]] || Onuf's Nucleus || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://instruct.uwo.ca/anatomy/530/cblm.htm Cerebellum functional divisions (CTX -> SCM, abstract)]
 |-
-|  || [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_VH_PM|LPC.SC.VH.PM]] || Posteromedial Nucleus || excitatory-glu || (unknown reference)
+|  || [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_VH_PL|LPC.SC.VH.PL]] || Posterolateral Nucleus || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://instruct.uwo.ca/anatomy/530/cblm.htm Cerebellum functional divisions (CTX -> SCM, abstract)]
 |-
-|  || [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_VH_RPL|LPC.SC.VH.RPL]] || Retroposterolateral Nucleus || excitatory-glu || (unknown reference)
+|  || [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_VH_PM|LPC.SC.VH.PM]] || Posteromedial Nucleus || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://instruct.uwo.ca/anatomy/530/cblm.htm Cerebellum functional divisions (CTX -> SCM, abstract)]
 |-
-| [[BrainAreaLRC|LRC]] || [[BrainRegionLRC_HT_PRF_CRF|LRC.HT.PRF.CRF]] || Caudal Pontine Reticular Nucleus || excitatory-glu || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> RF, abstract)]
+|  || [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_VH_RPL|LPC.SC.VH.RPL]] || Retroposterolateral Nucleus || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://instruct.uwo.ca/anatomy/530/cblm.htm Cerebellum functional divisions (CTX -> SCM, abstract)]
+|-
+| [[BrainAreaLRC|LRC]] || [[BrainRegionLRC_HT_PRF_CRF|LRC.HT.PRF.CRF]] || Caudal Pontine Reticular Nucleus || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://openagrosrl.com/www/page/292/ Motor neurons control (CTX -> PRF, abstract)]
 |}
@@ Line 74: / Line 79: @@
 (generated)
-* [http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0959438808001566-gr1.jpg Global visual system] - see [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Reference]
+* [http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0959438808001566-gr1.jpg Global visual system] - see [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Reference] (CP.GLOBAL-VISUAL-SYSTEM)
+ ATH=Anterior Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.AN (see [[BrainCenterFD_TH_CR|Cognitive Thalamus]])
+ BGA=[[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia,FEC.FT.BG]]
+ FrontalCortex=Anterior Lobe,NC.LOBE.ANT
+ LGN=[[BrainRegionNSA_FD_LGN|Lateral Geniculate Nucleus,NSA.FD.LGN]]
+ OPN=[[BrainRegionLPC_MM_OCN|Oculomotor Nucleus,LPC.MM.OCN]]
+ ParietalCortex=Parietal Lobe,NC.LOBE.PAR
+ Pulvinar=Pulvinar,FD.PV (see [[BrainCenterFD_TH_SR|Sensory Thalamus]])
+ RF=[[BrainCenterHT_RF|Pontine Reticular Formation,HT.RF]]
+ Retina=[[BrainRegionLPC_FD_RT|Retinal Nucleus,LPC.FD.RT]]
+ SCi=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see [[BrainCenterMM_REF|Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon]])
+ SCs=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see [[BrainCenterMM_REF|Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon]])
+ SNc=[[BrainRegionFEC_FT_SNC_LT|Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Lateral,FEC.FT.SNC.LT]]
+ SNr=[[BrainRegionFEC_FT_SNR_DL|Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Dorsolateral,FEC.FT.SNR.DL]]
+ SpinalCord=Lamina IX,SC.VH.L9 (see [[BrainCenterSC_VH|Anterior/Ventral Horn]])
+ Striatum=Striatum,FEC.FT.ST (see [[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia]])
+ VisualCortex=[[BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC|Occipital Lobe,NC.LOBE.OCC]]
+<img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/7192d7e1c7041f25a6eddc32c4f67e91.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
+* [http://www.neurology.org/content/70/21/1991/F2.large.jpg Functional subdivisions of the subthalamic nucleus] - see [http://www.neurology.org/content/70/21/1991/F2.expansion.html Reference] (CM.STN-CONN)
+ ACG=Anterior Cingulate Cortex,NC.AL.ACG (see [[BrainCenterNC_ACG|Anterior Cingulate Area]])
+ FEF=Frontal Eye Field,NMA.NC.PMC.FEF (see [[BrainCenterNC_PMC|Premotor Cortex]])
+ GPe=Globus Pallidus External,FEC.FT.GPE (see [[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia]])
+ GPi=Globus Pallidus Internal,FEC.FT.GPI (see [[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia]])
+ MC=[[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC|Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC]]
+ SNr=Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata,FEC.FT.SNR (see [[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia]])
+ STN=Subthalamic Nucleus,FEC.FD.STN (see [[BrainCenterFEC_FD_STA|Subthalamus Area]])
+ VP=Ventral Pallidum,FEC.FT.VP (see [[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia]])
+<img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/ced8710309da7474ec475785e9cc3d0a.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
+* [http://usvn.ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/wiki/research/biomodel/motor_top.jpg Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior] - see [https://www.google.ru/search?hl=rutbo=ptbm=bksq=isbn:0080887988 Reference] (CM.PFC-MOTOR)
+ CN.PU=Striatum,FEC.FT.ST (see [[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia]])
+ CR=[[BrainCenterLLC_HT_CRC|Cerebellar Complex,LLC.HT.CRC]]
+ GP=Globus Pallidus,FEC.FT.GP (see [[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia]])
+ LPFC=Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex,NDM.NC.AL.DLPFC (see [[BrainCenterNC_AL_LPFC|Lateral Prefrontal Cortex]])
+ MC=[[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC|Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC]]
+ PMC=[[BrainCenterNC_PMC|Premotor Cortex,NC.PMC]]
+ PN=Pontine Nuclear Complex,HT.PN (see [[BrainCenterHT_SN|Metencephalic Sensory Nuclei]])
+ SN=Substantia Nigra,FEC.FT.SN (see [[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia]])
+ TH=Ventral Thalamus,FD.TH.VTH (see [[BrainCenterFD_TH_MR|Motor Thalamus]])
+<img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/474417556f95e6d518821367eef6716a.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
+* [http://dev.epubbud.com/uploads/9/2/6/9263981/images/Medical_Physiology_A_Systems_Approach__1e_2011_pdf/index-187_1.jpg Motor neurons control] - see [http://openagrosrl.com/www/page/292/ Reference] (CM.CR-MN)
-<img src="http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0959438808001566-gr1.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
+ CR=Cerebellum,LLC.HT.CR (see [[BrainCenterLLC_HT_CRC|Cerebellar Complex]])
+ CTX=Anterior Lobe,NC.LOBE.ANT
+ EAMN=[[BrainCenterSC_VH|Anterior/Ventral Horn,SC.VH]]
+ EGMN=[[BrainCenterSC_VH|Anterior/Ventral Horn,SC.VH]]
+ FAMN=[[BrainCenterSC_VH|Anterior/Ventral Horn,SC.VH]]
+ FG=[[BrainRegionLRC_HT_CR_FG|Fastigual Nucleus,LRC.HT.CR.FG]]
+ IP=Interposed Nucleus,LLC.HT.CR.IP (see [[BrainCenterLLC_HT_CRC|Cerebellar Complex]])
+ LT=[[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_DN|Dentate Nucleus,LLC.HT.CR.DN]]
+ MRF=[[BrainCenterHL_RF|Medullary Reticular Formation,HL.RF]]
+ PRF=[[BrainCenterHT_RF|Pontine Reticular Formation,HT.RF]]
+ RD=[[BrainCenterLLC_MM_RD|Red Nucleus,LLC.MM.RD]]
+ VB=[[BrainCenterLPC_HT_VBN|Vestibular Nuclei,LPC.HT.VBN]]
+<img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/2c4f43876377580a8d7d56c656b782f4.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
-* [http://usvn.ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/wiki/research/biomodel/motor_top.jpg Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior] - see [https://www.google.ru/search?hl=rutbo=ptbm=bksq=isbn:0080887988 Reference]
+* [http://instruct.uwo.ca/anatomy/530/cblconn.gif Cerebellum functional divisions] - see [http://instruct.uwo.ca/anatomy/530/cblm.htm Reference] (CM.CR-DECUSSATION)
-<img src="http://usvn.ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/wiki/research/biomodel/motor_top.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
+ CCV=[[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_CCV|Central Cervical Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.CCV]]
+ CRP=[[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_CC|Cerebellar Lateral Lobe,LLC.HT.CR.CC]]
+ CRS=[[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_PV|Cerebellar Paravermis,LLC.HT.CR.PV]]
+ CRV=[[BrainRegionLRC_HT_CR_VM|Cerebellar Vermis,LRC.HT.CR.VM]]
+ CTX=Anterior Lobe,NC.LOBE.ANT
+ DN=[[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_DN|Dentate Nucleus,LLC.HT.CR.DN]]
+ FG=[[BrainRegionLRC_HT_CR_FG|Fastigual Nucleus,LRC.HT.CR.FG]]
+ IO=[[BrainRegionLLC_HL_IO|Inferior Olivary Nucleus,LLC.HL.IO]]
+ IP=Interposed Nucleus,LLC.HT.CR.IP (see [[BrainCenterLLC_HT_CRC|Cerebellar Complex]])
+ LT=[[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_DN|Dentate Nucleus,LLC.HT.CR.DN]]
+ PNN=[[BrainRegionLLC_HT_BPN|Basilar Pontine Nuclei,LLC.HT.BPN]]
+ RD=[[BrainCenterLLC_MM_RD|Red Nucleus,LLC.MM.RD]]
+ RF=[[BrainCenterHT_RF|Pontine Reticular Formation,HT.RF]]
+ SCM=[[BrainCenterSC_VH|Anterior/Ventral Horn,SC.VH]]
+ SCS=[[BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_NP|Proprius Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.NP]]
+ SCSD=[[BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_CL|Clarke Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.CL]]
+ VB=[[BrainCenterLPC_HT_VBN|Vestibular Nuclei,LPC.HT.VBN]]
+ VBG=[[BrainCenterLPC_PN_SG_VB|Vestibular Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.VB]]
+ VL=[[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VL|Ventral Lateral Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VL]]
+<img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/b5905a380626f8f7f1f3ad0a2bf2762a.gif" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
-* [http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_06/a_06_cr/a_06_cr_mou/a_06_cr_mou_2b.jpg Basal Ganglia Activity] - see [http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_06/a_06_cr/a_06_cr_mou/a_06_cr_mou.html Reference]
+* [http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_06/a_06_cr/a_06_cr_mou/a_06_cr_mou_2b.jpg Basal Ganglia Activity] - see [http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_06/a_06_cr/a_06_cr_mou/a_06_cr_mou.html Reference] (CM.BASAL-GANGLIA-ACTIVITY)
-<img src="http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_06/a_06_cr/a_06_cr_mou/a_06_cr_mou_2b.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
+ GPi=Globus Pallidus Internal,FEC.FT.GPI (see [[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia]])
+ GPo=Globus Pallidus External,FEC.FT.GPE (see [[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia]])
+ M1=[[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC|Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC]]
+ PMC=[[BrainCenterNC_PMC|Premotor Cortex,NC.PMC]]
+ PU=Dorsal Putamen,FEC.FT.DPU (see [[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia]])
+ S1=[[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1|Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1]]
+ SMC=[[BrainCenterNMA_NC_SMC|Supplementary Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.SMC]]
+ SN=Substantia Nigra,FEC.FT.SN (see [[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia]])
+ STN=Subthalamic Nucleus,FEC.FD.STN (see [[BrainCenterFEC_FD_STA|Subthalamus Area]])
+ VLo=[[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VL|Ventral Lateral Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VL]]
+<img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/787a51951a7c6888e61f26f8abdd4bd8.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
-* [http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S1053810011000080-gr3.jpg Cortico-Cortical Connectivity] - see [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053810011000080 Reference]
+* [http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S1053810011000080-gr3.jpg Cortico-Cortical Connectivity] - see [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053810011000080 Reference] (CL.CORTICO-CORTICAL-CONNECTIVITY)
-<img src="http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S1053810011000080-gr3.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
+ A1=[[BrainRegionNSA_NC_TTG_A1|Primary Auditory Cortex,NSA.NC.TTG.A1]]
+ AA=[[BrainRegionNSA_NC_STG_A3|Wernicke's area A3,NSA.NC.STG.A3]]
+ M1=[[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC|Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC]]
+ MA=[[BrainCenterNC_PMC|Premotor Cortex,NC.PMC]]
+ PFC=Prefrontal Cortex,NC.AL.PFC
+ PTHA=[[BrainCenterNC_IPL|Inferior Parietal Lobule,NC.IPL]]
+ S1=[[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1|Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1]]
+ SA=[[BrainRegionNCP_NC_SPL_SA|Somatosensory Association Cortex,NCP.NC.SPL.SA]]
+ V1=[[BrainRegionNSA_NC_OCC_V1|Primary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V1]]
+ VA=Secondary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V2 (see [[BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC|Occipital Lobe]])
+<img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/df75e61c2e90c60db0f2204bcedbc309.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
-* [http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0959438807000323-gr1.jpg Two extended parallel pathways for decision making] - see [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438807000323 Reference]
+* [http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0959438807000323-gr1.jpg Two extended parallel pathways for decision making] - see [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438807000323 Reference] (CT.PREFRONTAL-FOR-CONSCIOUSNESS)
-<img src="http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0959438807000323-gr1.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
+ DLPFC=Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex,NDM.NC.AL.DLPFC (see [[BrainCenterNC_AL_LPFC|Lateral Prefrontal Cortex]])
+ IT=[[BrainCenterNSA_NC_IT|Inferotemporal Area,NSA.NC.IT]]
+ M1=[[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC|Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC]]
+ PC=Parietal Lobe,NC.LOBE.PAR
+ PM=[[BrainCenterNC_PMC|Premotor Cortex,NC.PMC]]
+ V1=[[BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC|Occipital Lobe,NC.LOBE.OCC]]
+ VLPFC=Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex,NDM.NC.AL.DLPFC (see [[BrainCenterNC_AL_LPFC|Lateral Prefrontal Cortex]])
+<img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/a8d56a31a8626a9b51e9df53332e62f3.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
-* [http://usvn.ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/wiki/research/biomodel/visual-streams.jpg 3 Visual Cortex Paths] - see [[article:Biological/2008-dorsal-stream.pdf|Reference]]
+* [http://usvn.ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/wiki/research/biomodel/visual-streams.jpg 3 Visual Cortex Paths] - see [[article:Biological/2008-dorsal-stream.pdf|Reference]] (CP.BASE-VISUAL-CORTEX-FLOWS)
-<img src="http://usvn.ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/wiki/research/biomodel/visual-streams.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
+ IPL=[[BrainCenterNC_IPL|Inferior Parietal Lobule,NC.IPL]]
+ IPS=[[BrainCenterNSA_NC_IPS|Intraparietal Sulcus,NSA.NC.IPS]]
+ IT=[[BrainCenterNSA_NC_IT|Inferotemporal Area,NSA.NC.IT]]
+ LPC=Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex,NDM.NC.AL.DLPFC (see [[BrainCenterNC_AL_LPFC|Lateral Prefrontal Cortex]])
+ MI=[[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC|Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC]]
+ OCC=[[BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC|Occipital Lobe,NC.LOBE.OCC]]
+ SPL=[[BrainCenterNC_SPL|Superior Parietal Lobule,NC.SPL]]
+ dPM=Dorsal Premotor Cortex,MCA.NC.DPMC (see [[BrainCenterNC_PMC|Premotor Cortex]])
+ pre-SMA=[[BrainCenterNMA_NC_SMC|Supplementary Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.SMC]]
+ vPM=Ventral Premotor Cortex,MCA.NC.VPMC (see [[BrainCenterNC_PMC|Premotor Cortex]])
+<img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/e116df2107dad006a1b862497f056d16.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
-* [http://aids.hallym.ac.kr/d/kns/tutor/ch2-nb3.jpg Sensimotor Nerves] - see [http://aids.hallym.ac.kr/d/kns/tutor/chap2-bn.html Reference]
+* [http://aids.hallym.ac.kr/d/kns/tutor/ch2-nb3.jpg Sensimotor Nerves] - see [http://aids.hallym.ac.kr/d/kns/tutor/chap2-bn.html Reference] (CM.SENSIMOTOR-NERVES)
-<img src="http://aids.hallym.ac.kr/d/kns/tutor/ch2-nb3.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
+ MC=[[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC|Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC]]
+<img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/cc555582d55f3c21ed4a55977c8332a2.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
-* [http://aids.hallym.ac.kr/d/kns/tutor/pns49.jpg Sensimotor Interactions] - see [http://aids.hallym.ac.kr/d/kns/tutor/chap2-bn.html Reference]
+* [http://aids.hallym.ac.kr/d/kns/tutor/pns49.jpg Sensimotor Interactions] - see [http://aids.hallym.ac.kr/d/kns/tutor/chap2-bn.html Reference] (CM.SENSIMOTOR-INTERACTIONS)
-<img src="http://aids.hallym.ac.kr/d/kns/tutor/pns49.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
+ MC=[[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC|Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC]]
+<img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/1f3c96217b4331700ec5af7c5aca1eae.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
-* [http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0896627307007118-gr4.jpg Divisions of Cortical Motor System] - see [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627307007118 Reference]
+* [http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0896627307007118-gr4.jpg Divisions of Cortical Motor System] - see [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627307007118 Reference] (CM.MOTOR-DIVISIONS)
-<img src="http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0896627307007118-gr4.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
+ M1=[[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC|Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC]]
+<img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/fdc1f88f90128d748e06d376b5dfd4ed.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
-* [http://usvn.ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/wiki/research/biomodel/motor-cortex.jpg Motor Cortices] (unknown reference)
+* [http://usvn.ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/wiki/research/biomodel/motor-cortex.jpg Motor Cortices] (unknown reference) (CM.MOTOR-CORTICES)
-<img src="http://usvn.ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/wiki/research/biomodel/motor-cortex.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
+ M1=[[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC|Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC]]
+<img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/854d5fed48469de318877475a8c87b70.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
-* [http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0893608098000471-gr6.gif Primate Control of Grasping] - see [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Reference]
+* [http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0893608098000471-gr6.gif Primate Control of Grasping] - see [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Reference] (CM.GRASPING-CONTROL)
-<img src="http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0893608098000471-gr6.gif" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
+=Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex,NDM.NC.AL.DLPFC (see [[BrainCenterNC_AL_LPFC|Lateral Prefrontal Cortex]])
+ AIP=[[BrainRegionNSA_NC_IPS_AIP|Anterior Intraparietal Sulcus,NSA.NC.IPS.AIP]]
+ BG=[[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia,FEC.FT.BG]]
+ BTH=[[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VA|Ventral Anterior Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VA]]
+ F1=[[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC|Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC]]
+ F2=[[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F2|Dorsal Caudal Premotor Cortex,NMA.NC.PMC.F2]]
+ F4=[[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F4|Ventral Caudal Premotor Cortex,NMA.NC.PMC.F4]]
+ F5=[[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F5|Ventral Rostral Premotor Cortex,NMA.NC.PMC.F5]]
+ F6=[[BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F6|Pre-Supplementary Motor Area,NMA.NC.SMC.F6]]
+ IT=[[BrainCenterNSA_NC_IT|Inferotemporal Area,NSA.NC.IT]]
+ PIP=Posterior Eye Field,NPE.NC.IPS.PEF (see [[BrainCenterNSA_NC_IPS|Intraparietal Sulcus]])
+ S1=[[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1|Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1]]
+ S2=[[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1|Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1]]
+ VC=[[BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC|Occipital Lobe,NC.LOBE.OCC]]
+ VIP=[[BrainRegionNSA_NC_IPS_VIP|Ventral Intraparietal Sulcus,NSA.NC.IPS.VIP]]
+<img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/a2a7d1647f97dffbf0bc8e8d275ab006.gif" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
-* [http://brainmind.com/images/Pyramidaltract.jpg Corticospinal pathway] - see [http://brainmind.com Reference]
+* [http://brainmind.com/images/Pyramidaltract.jpg Corticospinal pathway] - see [http://brainmind.com Reference] (CM.CORTICOSPINAL-PATHWAY)
-<img src="http://brainmind.com/images/Pyramidaltract.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
+ M1=[[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC|Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC]]
+<img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/409dcb03fcbc7c221c38aeef95d3d03e.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
-* [http://what-when-how.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/tmp3649_thumb1_thumb.jpg Thalamocortical relationships] - see [http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/ Reference]
+* [http://what-when-how.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/tmp3649_thumb1_thumb.jpg Thalamocortical relationships] - see [http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/ Reference] (CL.THALAMUS-PROJECTIONS)
-<img src="http://what-when-how.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/tmp3649_thumb1_thumb.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;" height=400 width=400>
+ A=Anterior Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.AN (see [[BrainCenterFD_TH_CR|Cognitive Thalamus]])
+ CM=[[BrainRegionFEC_FD_TH_CM|Centromedian Nucleus of Thalamus,FEC.FD.TH.CM]]
+ LD=[[BrainRegionFMM_FD_TH_LD|Lateral Dorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FMM.FD.TH.LD]]
+ LGN=[[BrainRegionNSA_FD_LGN|Lateral Geniculate Nucleus,NSA.FD.LGN]]
+ LP=[[BrainRegionNPE_FD_TH_LP|Lateral Posterior Nucleus of Thalamus,NPE.FD.TH.LP]]
+ MD=Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.MD (see [[BrainCenterFD_TH_CR|Cognitive Thalamus]])
+ MGN=[[BrainRegionNSA_FD_TH_MGB|Medial Geniculate Body,NSA.FD.TH.MGB]]
+ P=Ventral Posterior Nuclei,NSA.FD.TH.VP (see [[BrainCenterFD_TH_SR|Sensory Thalamus]])
+ VA=[[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VA|Ventral Anterior Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VA]]
+ VL=[[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VL|Ventral Lateral Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VL]]
+ VPL=[[BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_VPL|Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPL]]
+ VPM=[[BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_VPM|Ventral Posteromedial Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPM]]
+ pA=[[BrainRegionNCP_NC_MPL_PSCG|Posterior Cingulate Cortex,NCP.NC.MPL.PSCG]]
+ pCM=Dorsal Putamen,FEC.FT.DPU (see [[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia]])
+ pLD=Anterior Cingulate Cortex,NC.AL.ACG (see [[BrainCenterNC_ACG|Anterior Cingulate Area]])
+ pLGN=[[BrainRegionNSA_NC_OCC_V1|Primary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V1]]
+ pLP=[[BrainCenterNC_SPL|Superior Parietal Lobule,NC.SPL]]
+ pMD=Prefrontal Cortex,NC.AL.PFC
+ pMGN=[[BrainRegionNSA_NC_TTG_A1|Primary Auditory Cortex,NSA.NC.TTG.A1]]
+ pP=[[BrainCenterNC_INS|Insular Cortex,NC.INS]]
+ pVA=[[BrainCenterNMA_NC_SMC|Supplementary Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.SMC]]
+ pVL=[[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC|Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC]]
+ pVPL=[[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1|Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1]]
+ pVPM=[[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PO_PCC|Precentral Cortex,NCP.NC.PO.PCC]]
+ s1A=Subiculum,FMM.FT.HF.SUB (see [[BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF|Hippocampal Formation]])
+ s1MD=[[BrainCenterFAM_FT_SEP|Septal Nuclei,FAM.FT.SEP]]
+ s1P=[[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_CCV|Central Cervical Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.CCV]]
+ s1VL=[[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_DN|Dentate Nucleus,LLC.HT.CR.DN]]
+ s2A=Mammillary Body,FD.MB (see [[BrainCenterFD_HT|Hypothalamus]])
+ s2MD=[[BrainRegionNSA_NC_PH_PIR|Piriform Cortex,NSA.NC.PH.PIR]]
+ s2P=[[BrainRegionLPC_HT_PN_PTR|Principal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HT.PN.PTR]]
+ s2VL=[[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia,FEC.FT.BG]]
+ s3MD=Prefrontal Cortex,NC.AL.PFC
+ sCM=Globus Pallidus Internal,FEC.FT.GPI (see [[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia]])
+ sLD=[[BrainCenterNC_SPL|Superior Parietal Lobule,NC.SPL]]
+ sLP=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see [[BrainCenterMM_REF|Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon]])
+ sVA=[[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia,FEC.FT.BG]]
+ sVPL=Marginal Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.MG (see [[BrainCenterBMA_SC_PH|Posterior/Dorsal Horn]])
+ sVPM=[[BrainRegionLPC_HL_SOL|Solitary Nucleus,LPC.HL.SOL]]
+<img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/6cd03b9a92afacafcc8c5b57cffed472.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;" height=400 width=400>
@@ Line 131: / Line 308: @@
 * http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566
+* http://www.neurology.org/content/70/21/1991/F2.expansion.html
 * https://www.google.ru/search?hl=rutbo=ptbm=bksq=isbn:0080887988
+* http://openagrosrl.com/www/page/292/
+* http://instruct.uwo.ca/anatomy/530/cblm.htm
 * http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_06/a_06_cr/a_06_cr_mou/a_06_cr_mou.html
 * http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053810011000080