Revision as of 14:30, 6 September 2015

Basal Ganglia

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This page covers biological details of component group Basal Ganglia. Component group is part of aHuman target integrated biological model.

• Top-down path to center: Forebrain Telencephalon -> Basal Ganglia (FEC.FT.BG) (see Mind Maps)
• Function:

(generated)

Components

(generated)

Component items:

• Striatum (FEC.FT.ST)
  • Ventral Striatum (FEC.FT.VST)
    • Accumbens Nucleus (FEC.FT.ACC): Activate motor functions under attention, expectation of pleasure; rhythmic timing
      • Nucleus Accumbens Core (FEC.FT.ACC.CORE): cognitive processing of motor function related to reward and reinforcement; encodes new motor programs which facilitate acquisition of given reward in future
      • Nucleus Accumbens Shell (FEC.FT.ACC.SH): cognitive processing of motivational salience (wanting) as well as reward and reinforcement effects
    • Ventral Putamen (FEC.FT.PU.VT): Evaluation of flavors, taste, motivation loop
  • Dorsal Striatum (FEC.FT.DST)
    • Caudate Nucleus (FEC.FT.CN): Excitation of correct action schemas and selection of appropriate sub-goals based on evaluation of action-outcomes
      • Caudate Nucleus Head (FEC.FT.CN.HD): Feedback processing, result of incorrect categorization
      • Caudate Nucleus Body (FEC.FT.CN.BD): Oculomotor learning
      • Caudate Nucleus Tail (FEC.FT.CN.TL): Successful classification learning, correct categorization
    • Dorsal Putamen (FEC.FT.DPU): Stimulus-response, or habit, learning
      • Dorsal Putamen Caudal (FEC.FT.PU.DCD)
        • Dorsal Putamen Lateral (FEC.FT.PU.LT): Flexor motor initiation
        • Dorsal Putamen Medial (FEC.FT.PU.MED): Extensor motor initiation
• Globus Pallidus (FEC.FT.GP)
  • Dorsal Pallidum (FEC.FT.DP)
    • Globus Pallidus External (FEC.FT.GPE): Regulate and focus activity patterns in striatum, STN, GPi, and SNpr
      • Globus Pallidus External Lateral (FEC.FT.GPE.LT): Flexor loop
      • Globus Pallidus External Medial (FEC.FT.GPE.MED): Extensor loop
      • Globus Pallidus External Dorsal (FEC.FT.GPE.DS): Executive loop
      • Globus Pallidus External Rostromedial (FEC.FT.GPE.RM): Motivational loop
      • Globus Pallidus External Dorsolateral (FEC.FT.GPE.DL): Oculomotor loop
    • Globus Pallidus Internal (FEC.FT.GPI): Output nuclei of basal ganglia to neocortex
      • Globus Pallidus Internal Lateral (FEC.FT.GPI.LT): Motor flexor loop
      • Globus Pallidus Internal Medial (FEC.FT.GPI.MED): Motor extensor loop
      • Globus Pallidus Internal Dorsal (FEC.FT.GPI.DS): Executive loop
      • Globus Pallidus Internal Rostromedial (FEC.FT.GPI.RM): Motivational loop
      • Globus Pallidus Internal Dorsolateral (FEC.FT.GPI.DL): Oculomotor loop
  • Ventral Pallidum (FEC.FT.VP): Distinguish wanting versus liking enhancements
    • Ventral Pallidum Dorsolateral (FEC.FT.VP.DL): motivational loop, NAcc-core
    • Ventral Pallidum Ventromedial (FEC.FT.VP.VM): motivational loop, NAcc-shell
• Substantia Nigra (FEC.FT.SN)
  • Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta (FEC.FT.SNC): Fine motor control, temporal processing
    • Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Lateral (FEC.FT.SNC.LT): executive loop
    • Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Medial (FEC.FT.SNC.MED): motivational loop
  • Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata (FEC.FT.SNR): Convey final processed signals of basal ganglia to thalamus and superior colliculus
    • Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Dorsolateral (FEC.FT.SNR.DL): Extensor motor loop, head
    • Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Rostromedial (FEC.FT.SNR.RM): Executive loop
    • Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Ventrolateral (FEC.FT.SNR.VL): Oculomotor loop
    • Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Medial (FEC.FT.SNR.MED): Motivational loop

Connectivity

(generated)

Internal Regions Connections:

External Connections:

External Inbound Center Connections:

External Outbound Center Connections: