BrainAreaLAC
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Autonomous Control Area
Home -> BiologicalLifeResearch -> BrainAreaLAC
Contents
- 1 Local Circuits
- 1.1 Breathing Control
- 1.2 Lower Digestion Control
- 1.3 Daily Cycle Autonomic Control
- 1.4 Heart and Blood Pressure Control
- 1.5 Autonomic Motivations Control
- 1.6 Memory Autonomic Control
- 1.7 Salivation and Tears Control
- 1.8 Autonomic Thermoregulation
- 1.9 Thirst and Hunger Control
- 1.10 Vision Autonomic Control
- 1.11 Sacral Autonomic Control
- 2 Thirdparty Circuits
- 3 References
Local Circuits
(generated)
Breathing Control
| Component ID | Component Name | Type | Service | Function | Comments | Quality |
| LAC.PN.PSYM.ILG | Intralaryngeal Peripheral Ganglion | parasympathetic ganglion | LAG | parasympathetic motor of larynx, c.n. X | L0 | |
| LAC.PN.PSYM.PUG | Pulmonary Peripheral Ganglion | parasympathetic ganglion | LAG | Lung | L0 |
Internal Region Connections:
- no connections
External Inbound Region Connections:
| Source Area | Local Region | Source Region | Source Name | Type | Role | Reference |
| Subcortical | ||||||
| LAC | LAC.PN.PSYM.ILG | LAC.HL.VGN | Vagus Nucleus | nucleus-ganglion | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
| LAC.PN.PSYM.PUG | LAC.HL.SAL.ISL | Inferior Salivatory Nucleus | nucleus-ganglion | uncertain | (unknown reference) | |
| LAC.HL.VGN | Vagus Nucleus | nucleus-ganglion | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
External Outbound Region Connections:
| Target Area | Local Region | Target Region | Target Name | Type | Role | Reference |
| Target | ||||||
| TEA | LAC.PN.PSYM.ILG | TARGET.TEA.SPEAKER | Mouth speaker | TARGET.TEA.SPEAKER-aryepiglottic-muscle | (none) | (unknown reference) |
| LAC.PN.PSYM.PUG | TARGET.TEA.LUNG | Lung | TARGET.TEA.LUNG-smooth-muscles | (none) | (unknown reference) |
Lower Digestion Control
| Component ID | Component Name | Type | Service | Function | Comments | Quality |
| LAC.HL.VGN | Vagus Nucleus | nucleus | LAM | Parasympathetic vagal functions in the gastrointestinal tract, lungs | L0 | |
| LAC.PN.PSYM.CRG | Cardiac Ganglion | parasympathetic ganglion | LAG | Heart | L0 | |
| LAC.PN.PSYM.GUT | Parasympathetic Gut Brain | parasympathetic ganglion | LAG | Autonomic control of stomach, liver | L0 | |
| LAC.PN.SYM.CEG | Coelic Ganglion | sympathetic ganglion | LAG | Liver, stomach, pancreas, small intestine | L0 | |
| LAC.PN.SYM.SMG | Superior Mesenteric Ganglion | sympathetic ganglion | LAG | Large intestine, rectum | L0 |
Internal Region Connections:
| Source Region | Target Region | Type | Role | Reference |
| LAC.HL.VGN | LAC.PN.PSYM.CRG | nucleus-ganglion | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
External Inbound Region Connections:
| Source Area | Local Region | Source Region | Source Name | Type | Role | Reference |
| Subcortical | ||||||
| FAM | LAC.HL.VGN | FAM.FT.AM.CEM | Medial Central Amygdaloid Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | Amygdala and its network (CEA -> VGDM, abstract) |
| LAC | LAC.PN.PSYM.GUT | LAC.HL.SAL.ISL | Inferior Salivatory Nucleus | nucleus-ganglion | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
| LAC.PN.SYM.CEG | LAC.SC.IZ.IML | Intermediolateral Nucleus | nucleus-ganglion | uncertain | (unknown reference) | |
| LAC.PN.SYM.SMG | LAC.SC.IZ.IML | Intermediolateral Nucleus | nucleus-ganglion | uncertain | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC | LAC.HL.VGN | LPC.HT.PRF.PB | Parabrachial Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | Physiology and pathophysiology of lower urinary tract (PBN -> DVM) |
| LRC | LAC.HL.VGN | LRC.MM.CNF | Cuneiform Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
External Outbound Region Connections:
| Target Area | Local Region | Target Region | Target Name | Type | Role | Reference |
| Subcortical | ||||||
| LAC | LAC.HL.VGN | LAC.PN.PSYM.ILG | Intralaryngeal Peripheral Ganglion | nucleus-ganglion | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
| LAC.PN.PSYM.PUG | Pulmonary Peripheral Ganglion | nucleus-ganglion | uncertain | (unknown reference) | ||
| Target | ||||||
| TEA | LAC.PN.PSYM.CRG | TARGET.TEA.HEART | Heart | TARGET.TEA.HEART-heart-psymp-control | (none) | (unknown reference) |
| LAC.PN.PSYM.GUT | TARGET.TEA.ENDOCRINE | Endocrine Glands | TARGET.TEA.ENDOCRINE-endocrine-pancreas-muscarinic | (none) | (unknown reference) | |
| TARGET.TEA.LIVER | Liver | TARGET.TEA.LIVER-glands | (none) | (unknown reference) | ||
| TARGET.TEA.STOMACH | Stomach | TARGET.TEA.STOMACH-stomach-mucosal-gastric-glands | (none) | (unknown reference) | ||
| LAC.PN.SYM.CEG | TARGET.TEA.ENDOCRINE | Endocrine Glands | TARGET.TEA.ENDOCRINE-endocrine-pancreas-adrenergic | (none) | (unknown reference) | |
| TARGET.TEA.VESSELS | Blood vessels | TARGET.TEA.VESSELS-liver-blood-vessels | (none) | (unknown reference) | ||
| LAC.PN.SYM.SMG | TARGET.TEA.ENDOCRINE | Endocrine Glands | TARGET.TEA.ENDOCRINE-endocrine-adrenal-gland | (none) | (unknown reference) | |
| TARGET.TEA.HEART | Heart | TARGET.TEA.HEART-heart-symp-control | (none) | (unknown reference) |
Daily Cycle Autonomic Control
| Component ID | Component Name | Type | Service | Function | Comments | Quality |
| LAC.FD.HT.SCN | Suprachiasmatic Nucleus | nucleus | LAC | Regulate the circadian cycle, 24-hour rhythms | L0 | |
| LAC.FD.HT.TBM | Tuberomammillary Nucleus | nucleus | LAC | sole source of histamine in the brain | L0 |
Internal Region Connections:
- no connections
External Inbound Region Connections:
| Source Area | Local Region | Source Region | Source Name | Type | Role | Reference |
| Cortical | ||||||
| NDM | LAC.FD.HT.SCN | NDM.FD.TH.PV | Paraventricular Nucleus of Thalamus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
| Subcortical | ||||||
| LPC | LAC.FD.HT.SCN | LPC.FD.RT | Retinal Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | Effect of light on pupil diameter (RET -> SCN) |
External Outbound Region Connections:
| Target Area | Local Region | Target Region | Target Name | Type | Role | Reference |
| Subcortical | ||||||
| FAM | LAC.FD.HT.TBM | FAM.FT.SEP.LT | Lateral Septal Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus-H | modulator | (unknown reference) |
| FMM | LAC.FD.HT.TBM | FMM.FD.MB.MMB | Medial Mammillary Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus-H | modulator | Mammillary bodies: two memory systems in one (TuberoMM -> MMB, abstract) |
| LAC | LAC.FD.HT.SCN | LAC.FD.HT.DM | Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | Intrahypothalamic connections important for neural control of food intake and energy balance (SCH -> DMN) |
| LAC.FD.HT.MPO | Median Preoptic Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | Intrahypothalamic connections important for neural control of food intake and energy balance (SCH -> MPOA) | ||
| LAC.FD.HT.PV | Paraventricular Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | Food-entrainable circadian oscillator (SCN -> PVH) | ||
| LAC.FD.HT.VLPO | Ventrolateral Preoptic Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | (unknown reference) | ||
| LAC.FD.HT.TBM | LAC.FD.HT.VLPO | Ventrolateral Preoptic Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus-H | modulator | Simplified NREM sleep-promoting pathway (TMN -> VLPO) | |
| LMC | LAC.FD.HT.TBM | LMC.HT.LC | Locus Coeruleus | nucleus-nucleus-H | modulator | (unknown reference) |
| LRC | LAC.FD.HT.SCN | LRC.MM.PT.NOT | Nucleus of Optic Tract | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
Heart and Blood Pressure Control
| Component ID | Component Name | Type | Service | Function | Comments | Quality |
| LAC.PN.SYM.STG | Stellate Ganglion | sympathetic ganglion | LAG | Heart, Lung | L0 | |
| LAC.PN.SYM.TG | Sympathetic Thoracic Ganglia | sympathetic ganglion | LAG | Heart | L0 | |
| LAC.SC.IZ.IML | Intermediolateral Nucleus | nucleus | LAM | Mediate entire sympathetic innervation of body | L0 |
Internal Region Connections:
| Source Region | Target Region | Type | Role | Reference |
| LAC.SC.IZ.IML | LAC.PN.SYM.STG | nucleus-ganglion | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
| LAC.PN.SYM.TG | nucleus-ganglion | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
External Inbound Region Connections:
| Source Area | Local Region | Source Region | Source Name | Type | Role | Reference |
| Subcortical | ||||||
| LAC | LAC.SC.IZ.IML | LAC.HT.BR | Barrington's Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
| LMC | LAC.SC.IZ.IML | LMC.HT.LC | Locus Coeruleus | nucleus-nucleus-NE | uncertain | Physiology and pathophysiology of lower urinary tract (LC -> IML) |
External Outbound Region Connections:
| Target Area | Local Region | Target Region | Target Name | Type | Role | Reference |
| Subcortical | ||||||
| LAC | LAC.SC.IZ.IML | LAC.PN.SYM.ARG | Aorticorenal Ganglion | nucleus-ganglion | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
| LAC.PN.SYM.CEG | Coelic Ganglion | nucleus-ganglion | uncertain | (unknown reference) | ||
| LAC.PN.SYM.IMG | Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion | nucleus-ganglion | uncertain | (unknown reference) | ||
| LAC.PN.SYM.MCG | Middle Cervical Ganglion | nucleus-ganglion | uncertain | (unknown reference) | ||
| LAC.PN.SYM.SCG | Superior Cervical Ganglion | nucleus-ganglion | uncertain | (unknown reference) | ||
| LAC.PN.SYM.SMG | Superior Mesenteric Ganglion | nucleus-ganglion | uncertain | (unknown reference) | ||
| Target | ||||||
| TEA | LAC.PN.SYM.STG | TARGET.TEA.HEART | Heart | TARGET.TEA.HEART-heart-cardiac-lower-muscle-stellar | (none) | (unknown reference) |
| TARGET.TEA.VESSELS | Blood vessels | TARGET.TEA.VESSELS-arm-blood-vessels | (none) | (unknown reference) | ||
| LAC.PN.SYM.TG | TARGET.TEA.VESSELS | Blood vessels | TARGET.TEA.VESSELS-arterial-thoracic-vasoconstrictors | (none) | (unknown reference) |
Autonomic Motivations Control
| Component ID | Component Name | Type | Service | Function | Comments | Quality |
| LAC.FD.HT.RCH | Retrochiasmatic Nucleus | nucleus | LAC | Maintenance of normal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal function | L0 | |
| LAC.FD.HT.SO | Supraoptic Nucleus | nucleus | LAC | Blood volume or blood pressure, vasopressin release | L0 | |
| LAC.SC.LH.LSN | Lateral Spinal Nucleus | nucleus | LAS | Integrate autonomic and homeostatic functions | L0 |
Internal Region Connections:
- no connections
External Inbound Region Connections:
| Source Area | Local Region | Source Region | Source Name | Type | Role | Reference |
| Cortical | ||||||
| NDM | LAC.FD.HT.RCH | NDM.NC.AL.FPC | Lateral Frontopolar Cortex | neocortex-nucleus | uncertain | Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in emotional behavior (OPFC -> HT, abstract) |
| Subcortical | ||||||
| FAM | LAC.FD.HT.SO | FAM.FT.AM.COP | Posterior Cortical Amygdaloid Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | Role for serotonin in moral behavior (AMY -> HYP, abstract) |
| LAC | LAC.FD.HT.SO | LAC.FD.HT.MPO | Median Preoptic Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | Intrahypothalamic connections important for neural control of food intake and energy balance (MPOA -> SON) |
| LAC.SC.LH.LSN | LAC.FD.HT.PV | Paraventricular Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC | LAC.FD.HT.SO | LPC.HL.SOL | Solitary Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
External Outbound Region Connections:
| Target Area | Local Region | Target Region | Target Name | Type | Role | Reference |
| Subcortical | ||||||
| LAC | LAC.SC.LH.LSN | LAC.PN.SYM.SCG | Superior Cervical Ganglion | nucleus-ganglion | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
| LLC | LAC.FD.HT.RCH | LLC.HT.PN.RSP | Rostral Pontine Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in emotional behavior (HT -> PN, abstract) |
| Target | ||||||
| TEA | LAC.FD.HT.SO | TARGET.TEA.ENDOCRINE | Endocrine Glands | TARGET.TEA.ENDOCRINE-endocrine-neurohypophysis-vasopressin | (none) | (unknown reference) |
Memory Autonomic Control
| Component ID | Component Name | Type | Service | Function | Comments | Quality |
| LAC.FD.HT.AH | Anterior Hypothalamic Nucleus | nucleus | LAC | Thermoregulation, panting, sweating | L0 | |
| LAC.FD.HT.PRM | Premammillary Nucleus | nucleus | LAC | expression of fear responses to environmental threats | L0 | |
| LAC.FD.HT.SUM | Supramammillary Nucleus | nucleus | LAC | control hippocampal plasticity, determine frequency of hippocampal theta rhythm | L0 |
Internal Region Connections:
| Source Region | Target Region | Type | Role | Reference |
| LAC.FD.HT.AH | LAC.FD.HT.PRM | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
External Inbound Region Connections:
| Source Area | Local Region | Source Region | Source Name | Type | Role | Reference |
| Cortical | ||||||
| NCP | LAC.FD.HT.AH | NCP.NC.AL.SGCG | Subgenual Cingulate Cortex | neocortex-nucleus | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
| Subcortical | ||||||
| FAM | LAC.FD.HT.PRM | FAM.FT.AM.MPV | Medial Posterior Ventral Amygdaloid Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus-gaba | uncertain | Amygdalar disruption of prefrontal cortex (AM -> HT.L, abstract) |
| FEC | LAC.FD.HT.SUM | FEC.FT.SNC.MED | Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Medial | nucleus-nucleus-DA | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
| FMM | LAC.FD.HT.AH | FMM.FT.HF.SUBP | Proximal Subiculum | allocortex-nucleus | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
| LAC | LAC.FD.HT.AH | LAC.FD.HT.MPO | Median Preoptic Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | Intrahypothalamic connections important for neural control of food intake and energy balance (MPOA -> AH) |
| LAC.FD.HT.SUM | LAC.FD.HT.VLPO | Ventrolateral Preoptic Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | (unknown reference) | |
| LMC | LAC.FD.HT.PRM | LMC.MM.VTA | Ventral Tegmental Area | nucleus-nucleus-DA | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
| LAC.FD.HT.SUM | LMC.MM.RP.SUC | Superior Central Raphe Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus-5HT | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
External Outbound Region Connections:
Salivation and Tears Control
| Component ID | Component Name | Type | Service | Function | Comments | Quality |
| LAC.HL.SAL.ISL | Inferior Salivatory Nucleus | nucleus | LAM | facilitate digestion - produce watery saliva | L0 | |
| LAC.HL.SAL.SSL | Superior Salivatory Nucleus | nucleus | LAM | facilitate respiration - produce thiker saliva | L0 | |
| LAC.PN.PSYM.OTG | Otic Ganglion | parasympathetic ganglion | LAG | Parotid gland | L0 | |
| LAC.PN.PSYM.SPG | Sphenopalatine Ganglion | parasympathetic ganglion | LAG | Lacrimal, nasal and palatine glands | from SSL sympathetic, to nasal (smelling and moisturing) and palatine (create antibodies, immunity booster) glands |
L0 |
| LAC.PN.PSYM.SXG | Submandibular Ganglion | parasympathetic ganglion | LAG | Submaxillary and sublingual salivary glands | L0 | |
| LAC.PN.SYM.MCG | Middle Cervical Ganglion | sympathetic ganglion | LAG | Eye, tear and salivatory glands | L0 |
Internal Region Connections:
| Source Region | Target Region | Type | Role | Reference |
| LAC.HL.SAL.ISL | LAC.PN.PSYM.OTG | nucleus-ganglion | uncertain | Autonomic nervous system (ISL -> OTG) |
| LAC.HL.SAL.SSL | LAC.PN.PSYM.SPG | nucleus-ganglion | uncertain | Autonomic nervous system (SSL -> SPG) |
| LAC.PN.PSYM.SXG | nucleus-ganglion | uncertain | Autonomic nervous system (SSL -> SMG) |
External Inbound Region Connections:
| Source Area | Local Region | Source Region | Source Name | Type | Role | Reference |
| Subcortical | ||||||
| LAC | LAC.PN.SYM.MCG | LAC.SC.IZ.IML | Intermediolateral Nucleus | nucleus-ganglion | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
| LMC | LAC.HL.SAL.ISL | LMC.HT.TG.LDT | Laterodorsal Tegmental Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus-ACh | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
| LAC.HL.SAL.SSL | LMC.HT.TG.LDT | Laterodorsal Tegmental Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus-ACh | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
External Outbound Region Connections:
| Target Area | Local Region | Target Region | Target Name | Type | Role | Reference |
| Subcortical | ||||||
| LAC | LAC.HL.SAL.ISL | LAC.PN.PSYM.GUT | Parasympathetic Gut Brain | nucleus-ganglion | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
| LAC.PN.PSYM.PUG | Pulmonary Peripheral Ganglion | nucleus-ganglion | uncertain | (unknown reference) | ||
| Target | ||||||
| TEA | LAC.PN.PSYM.OTG | TARGET.TEA.FEEDER | Mouth feeder | TARGET.TEA.FEEDER-parotid-gland | (none) | (unknown reference) |
| LAC.PN.PSYM.SPG | TARGET.TEA.FEEDER | Mouth feeder | TARGET.TEA.FEEDER-uvulae-muscle | (none) | (unknown reference) | |
| TARGET.TEA.PROTECTOR | Immunity glands and meninges | TARGET.TEA.PROTECTOR-hard-palate-mucosal-gland | (none) | (unknown reference) | ||
| LAC.PN.PSYM.SXG | TARGET.TEA.FEEDER | Mouth feeder | TARGET.TEA.FEEDER-sublingual-gland | (none) | (unknown reference) | |
| LAC.PN.SYM.MCG | TARGET.TEA.ENDOCRINE | Endocrine Glands | TARGET.TEA.ENDOCRINE-endocrine-parathyroid-gland | (none) | (unknown reference) | |
| TARGET.TEA.HEART | Heart | TARGET.TEA.HEART-heart-cardiac-lower-muscle-middle | (none) | (unknown reference) | ||
| TARGET.TEA.VESSELS | Blood vessels | TARGET.TEA.VESSELS-forearm-blood-vessels | (none) | (unknown reference) | ||
| TSA | LAC.PN.PSYM.SPG | TARGET.TSA.EYE | Eye | TARGET.TSA.EYE-eye-tears-gland | (none) | (unknown reference) |
| TARGET.TSA.NOSE | Nose | TARGET.TSA.NOSE-nose-nasal-glands | (none) | (unknown reference) |
Autonomic Thermoregulation
| Component ID | Component Name | Type | Service | Function | Comments | Quality |
| LAC.FD.HT.MPO | Median Preoptic Nucleus | nucleus | LAC | generates thirst | L0 | |
| LAC.FD.HT.VLPO | Ventrolateral Preoptic Nucleus | nucleus | LAC | mediates non-REM sleep onset | L0 | |
| LAC.HL.TGS.PE5 | Peritrigeminal Nucleus | nucleus | LAS | Thermoregulation | L0 |
Internal Region Connections:
| Source Region | Target Region | Type | Role | Reference |
| LAC.HL.TGS.PE5 | LAC.FD.HT.MPO | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
External Inbound Region Connections:
| Source Area | Local Region | Source Region | Source Name | Type | Role | Reference |
| Cortical | ||||||
| NDM | LAC.FD.HT.MPO | NDM.FD.TH.PV | Paraventricular Nucleus of Thalamus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
| NSA | LAC.FD.HT.VLPO | NSA.NC.PH.PRP | Prepyriform Cortex | neocortex-nucleus | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
| Subcortical | ||||||
| FAM | LAC.FD.HT.MPO | FAM.FT.AM.MPD | Medial Posterior Dorsal Amygdaloid Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus-gaba | uncertain | Role for serotonin in moral behavior (AMY -> HYP, abstract) |
| LAC.FD.HT.VLPO | FAM.FT.AM.MEA | Medial Anterior Amygdaloid Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | Role for serotonin in moral behavior (AMY -> HYP, abstract) | |
| FAM.FT.SEP.LT | Lateral Septal Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus-gaba | uncertain | Cingulate Gyrus (SEP -> HT, abstract) | ||
| FEC | LAC.FD.HT.VLPO | FEC.HT.TG.RMTG | Rostromedial Tegmental Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus-gaba | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
| FMM | LAC.FD.HT.MPO | FMM.FT.HC.CA1D | Distal CA1 of Hippocampus | allocortex-nucleus | uncertain | Feeling (HC -> HT, abstract) |
| LAC | LAC.FD.HT.MPO | LAC.FD.HT.DM | Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | Eating and sleeping to survive (DMH -> MPO) |
| LAC.FD.HT.PRM | Premammillary Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | (unknown reference) | ||
| LAC.FD.HT.SCN | Suprachiasmatic Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | Intrahypothalamic connections important for neural control of food intake and energy balance (SCH -> MPOA) | ||
| LAC.FD.HT.VLPO | LAC.FD.HT.DM | Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | Eating and sleeping to survive (DMH -> VLPO) | |
| LAC.FD.HT.SCN | Suprachiasmatic Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | (unknown reference) | ||
| LAC.FD.HT.TBM | Tuberomammillary Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus-H | modulator | Simplified NREM sleep-promoting pathway (TMN -> VLPO) | ||
| LAC.FD.HT.VM | Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | (unknown reference) | ||
| LMC | LAC.FD.HT.VLPO | LMC.HT.LC | Locus Coeruleus | nucleus-nucleus-NE | uncertain | Simplified NREM sleep-promoting pathway (LC -> VLPO) |
| LPC | LAC.HL.TGS.PE5 | LPC.SC.VH.VL | Ventrolateral Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
External Outbound Region Connections:
Thirst and Hunger Control
| Component ID | Component Name | Type | Service | Function | Comments | Quality |
| LAC.FD.HT.AR | Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus | nucleus | LAC | Regulation of growth, appetite and body weight | L0 | |
| LAC.FD.HT.DM | Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nucleus | nucleus | LAC | Blood pressure, heart rate | L0 | |
| LAC.FD.HT.LTN | Lateral Hypothalamic Nucleus | nucleus | LAC | feeding center | L0 | |
| LAC.FD.HT.PV | Paraventricular Nucleus | nucleus | LAC | Regulate appetite and autonomic functions | L0 | |
| LAC.FD.HT.VM | Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus | nucleus | LAC | Satiety, control of eating | L0 |
Internal Region Connections:
External Inbound Region Connections:
External Outbound Region Connections:
| Target Area | Local Region | Target Region | Target Name | Type | Role | Reference |
| Cortical | ||||||
| NDM | LAC.FD.HT.LTN | NDM.NC.AL.ROFCS | Sulcal Rostral Orbitofrontal Cortex | nucleus-neocortex | uncertain | Bowels control brain: gut hormones and obesity (LHA -> OFC, abstract) |
| LAC.FD.HT.PV | NDM.NC.AL.ROFCS | Sulcal Rostral Orbitofrontal Cortex | nucleus-neocortex | uncertain | Bowels control brain: gut hormones and obesity (PVN -> OFC, abstract) | |
| Subcortical | ||||||
| FAM | LAC.FD.HT.LTN | FAM.FD.LHB.LT | Lateral Habenula Lateral Part | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | Regulation of the rapid eye movement (REM) sleep by habenular projection (LHT -> LHbL) |
| FAM.FD.LHB.MED | Lateral Habenula Medial Part | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | Both LHb and MHb control the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems (LHA -> LHbM) | ||
| LAC.FD.HT.VM | FAM.FT.BNST | Bed Nucleus of Stria Terminalis | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | (unknown reference) | |
| FEC | LAC.FD.HT.VM | FEC.FD.STN.CD | Subthalamic Nucleus Caudal | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
| FEC.FT.ACC.SH | Nucleus Accumbens Shell | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | Bowels control brain: gut hormones and obesity (VMN -> NAc, abstract) | ||
| LAC | LAC.FD.HT.DM | LAC.FD.HT.MPO | Median Preoptic Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | Eating and sleeping to survive (DMH -> MPO) |
| LAC.FD.HT.VLPO | Ventrolateral Preoptic Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | Eating and sleeping to survive (DMH -> VLPO) | ||
| LAC.FD.HT.PV | LAC.SC.CC.DCN | Dorsal Commissural Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | (unknown reference) | |
| LAC.SC.IZ.CSC | Ciliospinal Center | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | Effect of light on pupil diameter (PVN -> IML) | ||
| LAC.SC.IZ.SPS | Sacral Parasympathetic Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | (unknown reference) | ||
| LAC.SC.LH.LSN | Lateral Spinal Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | (unknown reference) | ||
| LAC.FD.HT.VM | LAC.FD.HT.VLPO | Ventrolateral Preoptic Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | (unknown reference) | |
| LMC | LAC.FD.HT.DM | LMC.HT.LC | Locus Coeruleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | Effect of light on pupil diameter (DMH -> LC) |
| LAC.FD.HT.LTN | LMC.HL.RP.MG | Raphe Magnus Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | (unknown reference) | |
| LAC.FD.HT.PV | LMC.HL.RP.MG | Raphe Magnus Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC | LAC.FD.HT.PV | LPC.SC.VH.ONF | Onuf's Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
| LAC.FD.HT.VM | LPC.HL.SOL | Solitary Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | Bowels control brain: gut hormones and obesity (VMN -> NTS) | |
| Target | ||||||
| TEA | LAC.FD.HT.AR | TARGET.TEA.ENDOCRINE | Endocrine Glands | TARGET.TEA.ENDOCRINE-endocrine-adenohypophysis | (none) | (unknown reference) |
| LAC.FD.HT.PV | TARGET.TEA.ENDOCRINE | Endocrine Glands | TARGET.TEA.ENDOCRINE-endocrine-neurohypophysis-oxytocin | (none) | Amygdalar disruption of prefrontal cortex (HT.PV -> PUT) |
Vision Autonomic Control
| Component ID | Component Name | Type | Service | Function | Comments | Quality |
| LAC.FD.HT.PN | Posterior Hypothalamic Nucleus | nucleus | LAC | Blood pressure, pupillary dilation | L0 | |
| LAC.MM.EWN | Edinger-Westphal Nucleus | nucleus | LAM | Change Eye Pupil | L0 | |
| LAC.PN.PSYM.CLG | Ciliary Ganglion | parasympathetic ganglion | LAG | Control pupillary diameter | L0 | |
| LAC.PN.PSYM.EPG | Episcleral Ganglion | parasympathetic ganglion | LAG | Control curvature of lens | L0 | |
| LAC.PN.SYM.SCG | Superior Cervical Ganglion | sympathetic ganglion | LAG | Eye, tear and salivatory glands | L0 | |
| LAC.SC.IZ.CSC | Ciliospinal Center | nucleus | LAM | Control of iris dilator muscle | L0 |
Internal Region Connections:
| Source Region | Target Region | Type | Role | Reference |
| LAC.FD.HT.PN | LAC.SC.IZ.CSC | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | Sympathetic and parasympathetic eye pathways (PHT -> CC) |
| LAC.MM.EWN | LAC.PN.PSYM.CLG | nucleus-ganglion | uncertain | Autonomic nervous system (EWN -> CLG) |
| LAC.PN.PSYM.EPG | nucleus-ganglion | uncertain | Autonomic nervous system (EWN -> EPG) | |
| LAC.SC.IZ.CSC | LAC.PN.SYM.SCG | nucleus-ganglion | uncertain | Sympathetic and parasympathetic eye pathways (CC -> SCG) |
External Inbound Region Connections:
| Source Area | Local Region | Source Region | Source Name | Type | Role | Reference |
| Subcortical | ||||||
| FAM | LAC.FD.HT.PN | FAM.FT.AM.BP | Parvicellular Basal Amygdaloid Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | Role for serotonin in moral behavior (AMY -> HYP, abstract) |
| LAC | LAC.PN.SYM.SCG | LAC.SC.IZ.IML | Intermediolateral Nucleus | nucleus-ganglion | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
| LAC.SC.LH.LSN | Lateral Spinal Nucleus | nucleus-ganglion | uncertain | (unknown reference) | ||
| LAC.SC.IZ.CSC | LAC.FD.HT.PV | Paraventricular Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | Effect of light on pupil diameter (PVN -> IML) | |
| LMC | LAC.FD.HT.PN | LMC.MM.RP.SUC | Superior Central Raphe Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus-5HT | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
| LAC.SC.IZ.CSC | LMC.HT.LC | Locus Coeruleus | nucleus-nucleus-NE | uncertain | Effect of light on pupil diameter (LC -> IML) | |
| LPC | LAC.FD.HT.PN | LPC.FT.OT | Olfactory Tubercle | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | Summary of main projection pathways in the olfactory system (OT -> PHT, abstract) |
| LRC | LAC.FD.HT.PN | LRC.HL.INM | Intercalated Nucleus of Medulla | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
| LAC.MM.EWN | LRC.MM.DSCH | Darkschewitsch Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | Eye blink reflex and pupillary light reflex (SupraOculomotor -> EWN, abstract) | |
| LRC.MM.PT.PON | Pretectal Olivary Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | Effect of light on pupil diameter (OPN -> EW) | ||
| LRC.MM.PT.PR | Principal Pretectal Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | Eye blink reflex and pupillary light reflex (Pretectum -> EWN, abstract) | ||
| LRC.MM.PT.SL | Sublentiform Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | Eye blink reflex and pupillary light reflex (Pretectum -> EWN, abstract) |
External Outbound Region Connections:
| Target Area | Local Region | Target Region | Target Name | Type | Role | Reference |
| Subcortical | ||||||
| FAM | LAC.FD.HT.PN | FAM.FT.SEP.LT | Lateral Septal Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
| FMM | LAC.FD.HT.PN | FMM.FT.HC.CA3P | Proximal CA3 of Hippocampus | nucleus-allocortex | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
| FMM.FT.HC.DG | Dentate Gyrus | nucleus-allocortex | uncertain | (unknown reference) | ||
| Target | ||||||
| TEA | LAC.PN.SYM.SCG | TARGET.TEA.HEART | Heart | TARGET.TEA.HEART-heart-cardiac-upper-muscle | (none) | (unknown reference) |
| TARGET.TEA.VESSELS | Blood vessels | TARGET.TEA.VESSELS-brachial-artery-vasoconstrictors | (none) | (unknown reference) | ||
| TSA | LAC.PN.PSYM.CLG | TARGET.TSA.EYE | Eye | TARGET.TSA.EYE-eye-muscle-curvature-parasympathetic | (none) | Autonomic nervous system (CLG -> EYE) |
| LAC.PN.PSYM.EPG | TARGET.TSA.EYE | Eye | TARGET.TSA.EYE-eye-muscle-pupil-close | (none) | Autonomic nervous system (EPG -> EYE) | |
| LAC.PN.SYM.SCG | TARGET.TSA.EYE | Eye | TARGET.TSA.EYE-eye-muscle-curvature-sympathetic | (none) | Sympathetic and parasympathetic eye pathways (SCG -> EYE) |
Sacral Autonomic Control
| Component ID | Component Name | Type | Service | Function | Comments | Quality |
| LAC.HT.BR | Barrington's Nucleus | nucleus | LAC | Supraspinal regulation of urination | M-region, pontine micturition center (PMC) | L0 |
| LAC.PN.PSYM.PPG | Pelvic Peripheral Ganglion | parasympathetic ganglion | LAG | Sigmoid, rectum, bladder, and external genitalia | L0 | |
| LAC.PN.SYM.ARG | Aorticorenal Ganglion | sympathetic ganglion | LAG | Kidney, Ureter | L0 | |
| LAC.PN.SYM.IMG | Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion | sympathetic ganglion | LAG | Bladder, rectum, reproductive organs | L0 | |
| LAC.SC.CC.DCN | Dorsal Commissural Nucleus | nucleus | LAS | Relay of sensory information from pelvic viscera | L0 | |
| LAC.SC.IZ.SPS | Sacral Parasympathetic Nucleus | nucleus | LAM | parasympathetic impulses pass via postganglionic fibers to the urinary bladder, erectile tissues, and the smooth muscles and glands in the colon and rectum |
L0 |
Internal Region Connections:
| Source Region | Target Region | Type | Role | Reference |
| LAC.HT.BR | LAC.SC.IZ.SPS | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | Schematic overview of spinobulbospinal micturition reflex pathway (BAR -> SPS) |
| LAC.SC.CC.DCN | LAC.HT.BR | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
| LAC.SC.IZ.SPS | LAC.PN.PSYM.PPG | nucleus-ganglion | uncertain | Schematic overview of spinobulbospinal micturition reflex pathway (SPS -> PEL) |
External Inbound Region Connections:
| Source Area | Local Region | Source Region | Source Name | Type | Role | Reference |
| Subcortical | ||||||
| LAC | LAC.PN.SYM.ARG | LAC.SC.IZ.IML | Intermediolateral Nucleus | nucleus-ganglion | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
| LAC.PN.SYM.IMG | LAC.SC.IZ.IML | Intermediolateral Nucleus | nucleus-ganglion | uncertain | (unknown reference) | |
| LAC.SC.CC.DCN | LAC.FD.HT.PV | Paraventricular Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | (unknown reference) | |
| LAC.SC.IZ.SPS | LAC.FD.HT.PV | Paraventricular Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | (unknown reference) | |
| LMC | LAC.HT.BR | LMC.MM.PAG | Periaqueductal Gray Matter | nucleus-nucleus-ENK | uncertain | Schematic overview of spinobulbospinal micturition reflex pathway (PAG -> BAR) |
External Outbound Region Connections:
| Target Area | Local Region | Target Region | Target Name | Type | Role | Reference |
| Subcortical | ||||||
| LAC | LAC.HT.BR | LAC.SC.IZ.IML | Intermediolateral Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
| LPC | LAC.HT.BR | LPC.SC.VH.ONF | Onuf's Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | Schematic overview of spinobulbospinal micturition reflex pathway (BAR -> ONF) |
| Target | ||||||
| TEA | LAC.PN.PSYM.PPG | TARGET.TEA.BREAST | Breast | TARGET.TEA.BREAST-nipple-smooth-muscles | (none) | (unknown reference) |
| TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA | Genitalia | TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA-corpus-cavernosum-clitoridis | (none) | (unknown reference) | ||
| TARGET.TEA.RECTUM | Rectum | TARGET.TEA.RECTUM-sphincter-ani-internus-muscle-parasympathetic | (none) | (unknown reference) | ||
| TARGET.TEA.STOMACH | Stomach | TARGET.TEA.STOMACH-stomach-wall | (none) | (unknown reference) | ||
| TARGET.TEA.URETER | Ureter | TARGET.TEA.URETER-detrusor-urinae-muscle-parasympathetic | (none) | (unknown reference) | ||
| LAC.PN.SYM.ARG | TARGET.TEA.ENDOCRINE | Endocrine Glands | TARGET.TEA.ENDOCRINE-endocrine-ovary-gland | (none) | (unknown reference) | |
| TARGET.TEA.VESSELS | Blood vessels | TARGET.TEA.VESSELS-renal-blood-vessels | (none) | (unknown reference) | ||
| LAC.PN.SYM.IMG | TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA | Genitalia | TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA-bartholin-gland | (none) | (unknown reference) | |
| TARGET.TEA.RECTUM | Rectum | TARGET.TEA.RECTUM-sphincter-ani-internus-muscle-sympathetic | (none) | (unknown reference) | ||
| TARGET.TEA.URETER | Ureter | TARGET.TEA.URETER-detrusor-urinae-muscle-sympathetic | (none) | (unknown reference) |
Thirdparty Circuits
(generated)
- Autonomic nervous system - see Reference (CM.AUTONOMIC-MUSCLES)
CLG=Ciliary Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.CLG DM=Vagus Nucleus,LAC.HL.VGN EPG=Episcleral Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.EPG EWN=Edinger-Westphal Nucleus,LAC.MM.EWN EYE=Eye,TARGET.TSA.EYE ISL=Inferior Salivatory Nucleus,LAC.HL.SAL.ISL OTG=Otic Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.OTG SMG=Submandibular Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.SXG SPG=Sphenopalatine Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.SPG SSL=Superior Salivatory Nucleus,LAC.HL.SAL.SSL
- Intrahypothalamic connections important for neural control of food intake and energy balance - see Reference (CL.INTRAHYPOTHALAMIC)
AH=Anterior Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.AH ARC=Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus,LAC.FD.HT.AR DMN=Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.DM LHA=Lateral Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.LTN MPOA=Median Preoptic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.MPO PA=Paraventricular Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.PV SCH=Suprachiasmatic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.SCN SON=Supraoptic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.SO VMN=Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.VM
- Eating and sleeping to survive - see Reference (CP.DMH-CYCLES)
ARC=Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus,LAC.FD.HT.AR DMH=Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.DM LHA=Lateral Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.LTN MPO=Median Preoptic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.MPO PVH=Paraventricular Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.PV SCN=Suprachiasmatic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.SCN VLPO=Ventrolateral Preoptic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.VLPO VMH=Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.VM
- Physiology and pathophysiology of lower urinary tract - see Reference (CM.ONUF)
CN=Caudate Nucleus,FEC.FT.CN (see Basal Ganglia) DVM=Vagus Nucleus,LAC.HL.VGN IMG=Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion,LAC.PN.SYM.IMG IML=Intermediolateral Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.IML LC=Locus Coeruleus,LMC.HT.LC MPFC=Orbitofrontal Cortex,NC.AL.OPFC (see Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex) MPOA=Median Preoptic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.MPO NBM=Basal Nucleus of Meynert,LMC.FT.NBM ONF=Onuf's Nucleus,LPC.SC.VH.ONF PBN=Parabrachial Nucleus,LPC.HT.PRF.PB PEL=Pelvic Peripheral Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.PPG PU=Dorsal Putamen Lateral,FEC.FT.PU.LT PVN=Paraventricular Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.PV SNC=Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Lateral,FEC.FT.SNC.LT SPS=Sacral Parasympathetic Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.SPS VTA=Ventral Tegmental Area,LMC.MM.VTA ZI=Subthalamic Nucleus Caudal,BGA.FD.STN.ZI
- Effect of light on pupil diameter - see Reference (CP.PUPIL-REFLEX)
DMH=Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.DM EW=Edinger-Westphal Nucleus,LAC.MM.EWN EYE=Eye,TARGET.TSA.EYE GC=Ciliary Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.CLG IML=Ciliospinal Center,LAC.SC.IZ.CSC LC=Locus Coeruleus,LMC.HT.LC OPN=Pretectal Olivary Nucleus,LRC.MM.PT.PON PVN=Paraventricular Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.PV RET=Retinal Nucleus,LPC.FD.RT SCG=Superior Cervical Ganglion,LAC.PN.SYM.SCG SCN=Suprachiasmatic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.SCN
- Schematic overview of spinobulbospinal micturition reflex pathway - see Reference (CM.BARRINGTON)
BAR=Barrington's Nucleus,LAC.HT.BR IMG=Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion,LAC.PN.SYM.IMG IML=Intermediolateral Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.IML ONF=Onuf's Nucleus,LPC.SC.VH.ONF PAG=Periaqueductal Gray Matter,LMC.MM.PAG PEL=Pelvic Peripheral Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.PPG SPS=Sacral Parasympathetic Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.SPS
- Sympathetic and parasympathetic eye pathways - see Reference (CP.EYE-SYM-PATHWAYS)
CC=Ciliospinal Center,LAC.SC.IZ.CSC CLG=Ciliary Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.CLG EWN=Edinger-Westphal Nucleus,LAC.MM.EWN EYE=Eye,TARGET.TSA.EYE PHT=Posterior Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.PN SCG=Superior Cervical Ganglion,LAC.PN.SYM.SCG
- Schematic of hypothalamic circuitry underlying satiety - see Reference (CP.SATIETY)
ARC=Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus,LAC.FD.HT.AR DMH=Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.DM LHA=Lateral Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.LTN NTS=Solitary Nucleus,LPC.HL.SOL PVN=Paraventricular Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.PV VMH=Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.VM
- Glucose-sensing neural network - see Reference (CP.GLUCOSE)
ARC=Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus,LAC.FD.HT.AR DMN=Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.DM LHA=Lateral Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.LTN PVH=Paraventricular Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.PV VMH=Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.VM
- Face muscles - see Reference (CM.FACE-MUSCLES)
CLG=Ciliary Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.CLG OTG=Otic Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.OTG SMG=Submandibular Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.SXG SPG=Sphenopalatine Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.SPG
- Food-entrainable circadian oscillator - see Reference (CP.FOOD-OCSILLATOR)
DMH=Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.DM LH=Lateral Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.LTN NTS=Solitary Nucleus,LPC.HL.SOL PBN=Parabrachial Nucleus,LPC.HT.PRF.PB PVH=Paraventricular Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.PV SCN=Suprachiasmatic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.SCN
- Bowels control brain: gut hormones and obesity - see Reference (CP.BOWELS)
AMY=Amygdala,FAM.FT.AM ARC=Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus,LAC.FD.HT.AR DS=Dorsal Striatum,FEC.FT.DST (see Basal Ganglia) LHA=Lateral Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.LTN ME=Endocrine Glands,TARGET.TEA.ENDOCRINE NAc=Accumbens Nucleus,FEC.FT.ACC (see Basal Ganglia) NTS=Solitary Nucleus,LPC.HL.SOL OFC=Orbitofrontal Cortex,NC.AL.OPFC (see Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex) PBN=Parabrachial Nucleus,LPC.HT.PRF.PB PVN=Paraventricular Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.PV VMN=Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.VM VTA=Ventral Tegmental Area,LMC.MM.VTA
- Face glands - see Reference (CM.FACE-GLANDS)
PPG=Pelvic Peripheral Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.PPG SMG=Submandibular Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.SXG
- Vision Components - see Reference (CP.VISION-COMPONENTS)
CG=Ciliary Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.CLG EWN=Edinger-Westphal Nucleus,LAC.MM.EWN EYE=Eye,TARGET.TSA.EYE LGN=Lateral Geniculate Nucleus,NSA.FD.LGN OCN=Oculomotor Nucleus,LPC.MM.OCN RT=Retinal Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.RT SOA=Supraoculomotor Area,VBA.MM.SOA (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon) STN=Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HL.TGS.STR VAC=Posterior Eye Field,NPE.NC.IPS.PEF (see Intraparietal Sulcus) VC=Occipital Lobe,NC.LOBE.OCC
- Eye blink reflex and pupillary light reflex - see Reference (CP.SACCADIC-MOTOR-CONTROL)
Abducens=Abducens Nucleus,LPC.HT.ABD Ciliary=Ciliary Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.CLG EWN=Edinger-Westphal Nucleus,LAC.MM.EWN EYE=Eye,TARGET.TSA.EYE Facial=Facial Motor Nucleus,LPC.HT.FCM Oculomotor=Oculomotor Nucleus,LPC.MM.OCN Pretectum=Pretectum,MM.PT (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon) PrincipalTrigeminal=Principal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HT.PN.PTR RF=Pontine Reticular Formation,HT.RF SpinalTrigeminal=Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HL.TGS.STR SupraOculomotor=Supraoculomotor Area,VBA.MM.SOA (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon) VAC=Associative Visual Cortex,NPE.NC.OCC.V3 (see Occipital Lobe)
- Simplified NREM sleep-promoting pathway - see Reference (CL.TBM-PO)
LC=Locus Coeruleus,LMC.HT.LC LDTg=Laterodorsal Tegmental Nucleus,LMC.HT.TG.LDT TMN=Tuberomammillary Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.TBM VLPO=Ventrolateral Preoptic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.VLPO
- Amygdala and its network - see Reference (CF.AM-NET)
BLN=Parvicellular Basal Amygdaloid Nucleus,FAM.FT.AM.BP CEA=Central Amygdala,FAM.FT.AM.CEA (see Amygdala) EC=Entorhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.ET (see Rhinal Cortex) HC=Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC (see Hippocampal Formation) HTS=Lateral Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.LTN ITC=Inferotemporal Cortex,NSA.NC.IT.TE LA=Lateral Amygdaloid Nucleus,FAM.FT.AM.LA (see Amygdala) LHB=Lateral Habenula,FAM.FD.LHB (see Habenula) MD=Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.MD (see Cognitive Thalamus) MPFC=Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex,NC.AL.OMPFC NACC=Accumbens Nucleus,FEC.FT.ACC (see Basal Ganglia) PAG=Periaqueductal Gray Matter,LMC.MM.PAG RMTG=Rostromedial Tegmental Nucleus,FEC.HT.TG.RMTG STC=Wernicke's area A3,NSA.NC.STG.A3 VGDM=Vagus Nucleus,LAC.HL.VGN VTA=Ventral Tegmental Area,LMC.MM.VTA
- Both LHb and MHb control the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems - see Reference (CF.HB-DA5HT)
DBB=Diagonal Band of Broca,FAM.FT.SEP.DBB DRN=Dorsal Raphe Nucleus,LMC.MM.RP.DRN GPb=Dorsal Pallidum,FEC.FT.DP (see Basal Ganglia) IPN=Interpeduncular Nucleus,FEC.HT.TG.IPD LHA=Lateral Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.LTN LHbL=Lateral Habenula Lateral Part,FAM.FD.LHB.LT LHbM=Lateral Habenula Medial Part,FAM.FD.LHB.MED LPO=Ventrolateral Preoptic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.VLPO LS=Lateral Septal Nucleus,FAM.FT.SEP.LT MHb=Medial Habenula,FAM.FD.MHB MRN=Raphe Nuclei of Medulla,LMC.HL.RP (see Medullary Reticular Formation) MS=Medial Septal Nucleus,FAM.FT.SEP.MED PS=Posterior Septal Group,FAM.FT.SEP.PG (see Septal Nuclei) RMTg=Rostromedial Tegmental Nucleus,FEC.HT.TG.RMTG SNc=Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta,FEC.FT.SNC (see Basal Ganglia) VP=Ventral Pallidum,FEC.FT.VP (see Basal Ganglia) VTA=Ventral Tegmental Area,LMC.MM.VTA
- Regulation of Social Brain - see Reference (CT.SOCIAL-BRAIN)
AMG=Amygdala,FAM.FT.AM Caud=Caudate Nucleus,FEC.FT.CN (see Basal Ganglia) DACC=Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area,NDM.NC.AL.DACG DLPFC=Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex,NDM.NC.AL.DLPFC (see Lateral Prefrontal Cortex) Hipp=Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC (see Hippocampal Formation) IFG=Inferior Prefrontal Gyrus,NDM.NC.AL.IPG LSN=Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN MPFC=Orbitofrontal Cortex,NC.AL.OPFC (see Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex) NACC=Accumbens Nucleus,FEC.FT.ACC (see Basal Ganglia) OFC=Orbitofrontal Cortex,NC.AL.OPFC (see Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex) PhippG=Entorhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.ET (see Rhinal Cortex) Put=Dorsal Putamen,FEC.FT.DPU (see Basal Ganglia) SGC=Subgenual Cingulate Cortex,NCP.NC.AL.SGCG SN=Substantia Nigra,FEC.FT.SN (see Basal Ganglia) VACC=Ventral Anterior Cingulate Area,NDM.NC.AL.VACG VTA=Ventral Tegmental Area,LMC.MM.VTA VentPal=Ventral Pallidum,FEC.FT.VP (see Basal Ganglia)
- Spine induction on short primary dendrites in the ventrolateral VMH - see Reference (CL.VMH-PAG)
PAG=Periaqueductal Gray Matter,LMC.MM.PAG VMH=Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.VM
- Habenula Connections - see Reference (CF.HB-CONNECTIONS)
CPu=Striatum,FEC.FT.ST (see Basal Ganglia) DBB=Diagonal Band of Broca,FAM.FT.SEP.DBB DR=Dorsal Raphe Nucleus,LMC.MM.RP.DRN GPi=Globus Pallidus Internal,FEC.FT.GPI (see Basal Ganglia) IP=Interpeduncular Nucleus,FEC.HT.TG.IPD LH=Lateral Hypothalamic Area,LAC.FD.HT.LT (see Hypothalamus) LHb=Lateral Habenula,FAM.FD.LHB (see Habenula) LPO=Ventrolateral Preoptic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.VLPO MHb=Medial Habenula,FAM.FD.MHB MR=Superior Central Raphe Nucleus,LMC.MM.RP.SUC PB=Endocrine Glands,TARGET.TEA.ENDOCRINE S=Septal Nuclei,FAM.FT.SEP SNc=Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Lateral,FEC.FT.SNC.LT VTA=Ventral Tegmental Area,LMC.MM.VTA
- Medial mammillary nucleus and theta rhythm - see Reference (CT.MMB-THETA)
AVTH=Anteroventral Nucleus,FMM.FD.TH.AV HF=Hippocampal Formation,FMM.FT.HF MMB=Medial Mammillary Nucleus,FMM.FD.MB.MMB RSP=Retrosplenial Cortex,NCP.NC.MPL.RSC SEP=Septal Nuclei,FAM.FT.SEP SupraMM=Supramammillary Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.SUM VTN=Ventral Tegmental Area,LMC.MM.VTA
- Mammillary bodies: two memory systems in one - see Reference (CT.MB-MEMORY)
ADTH=Anterodorsal Nucleus,FMM.FD.TH.AD AMTH=Anteromedial Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.AM AVTH=Anteroventral Nucleus,FMM.FD.TH.AV DTN=Laterodorsal Tegmental Nucleus,LMC.HT.TG.LDT LMB=Lateral Mammillary Nucleus,FMM.FD.MB.LMB MMB=Medial Mammillary Nucleus,FMM.FD.MB.MMB MedialEC=Entorhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.ET (see Rhinal Cortex) PAS=Parasubiculum,FMM.NC.PH.PAS POS=Postsubiculum,FMM.NC.PH.POS PRS=Presubiculum,FMM.NC.PH.PRS SEP=Septal Nuclei,FAM.FT.SEP SUB=Subiculum,FMM.FT.HF.SUB (see Hippocampal Formation) SupraMM=Supramammillary Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.SUM TuberoMM=Lateral Tuberal Nuclei,LAC.FD.HT.LTUB (see Hypothalamus) VTN=Ventral Tegmental Area,LMC.MM.VTA
- Amygdalar disruption of prefrontal cortex - see Reference (CF.AM-DISRUPTION)
ACG=Anterior Cingulate Cortex,NC.AL.ACG (see Anterior Cingulate Area) AM=Amygdala,FAM.FT.AM HC=Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC (see Hippocampal Formation) HT.L=Lateral Hypothalamic Area,LAC.FD.HT.LT (see Hypothalamus) HT.PV=Paraventricular Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.PV INS=Insular Cortex,NC.INS LC=Locus Coeruleus,LMC.HT.LC MPFC=Orbitofrontal Cortex,NC.AL.OPFC (see Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex) PAG=Periaqueductal Gray Matter,LMC.MM.PAG PB=Parabrachial Nucleus,LPC.HT.PRF.PB PUT=Endocrine Glands,TARGET.TEA.ENDOCRINE SOL=Solitary Nucleus,LPC.HL.SOL TH=Thalamus,FD.TH
- Regulation of the rapid eye movement (REM) sleep by habenular projection - see Reference (CF.REM-HB)
DBB=Diagonal Band of Broca,FAM.FT.SEP.DBB DTG=Laterodorsal Tegmental Nucleus,LMC.HT.TG.DTG EPN=Endopiriform Nucleus,FAM.FT.EPF GPi=Globus Pallidus Internal,FEC.FT.GPI (see Basal Ganglia) LHT=Lateral Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.LTN LHbL=Lateral Habenula Lateral Part,FAM.FD.LHB.LT LHbM=Lateral Habenula Medial Part,FAM.FD.LHB.MED NI=Incertus Nucleus,FAM.HT.TG.NI RMTg=Rostromedial Tegmental Nucleus,FEC.HT.TG.RMTG Raphe=Raphe Nuclei of Medulla,LMC.HL.RP (see Medullary Reticular Formation) SNc=Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta,FEC.FT.SNC (see Basal Ganglia) VTA=Ventral Tegmental Area,LMC.MM.VTA VTG=Ventral Tegmental Area,LMC.MM.VTG
- Connectivity map of the habenula - see Reference (CF.HB-CONN)
CPu=Striatum,FEC.FT.ST (see Basal Ganglia) EP=Endopiriform Nucleus,FAM.FT.EPF Hippo=Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC (see Hippocampal Formation) IPN=Interpeduncular Nucleus,FEC.HT.TG.IPD L=Lateral Habenula,FAM.FD.LHB (see Habenula) LH=Lateral Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.LTN M=Medial Habenula,FAM.FD.MHB NAc=Accumbens Nucleus,FEC.FT.ACC (see Basal Ganglia) PAG=Periaqueductal Gray Matter,LMC.MM.PAG Raphe=Raphe Nuclei of Medulla,LMC.HL.RP (see Medullary Reticular Formation) SNc=Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta,FEC.FT.SNC (see Basal Ganglia) Septum=Septal Nuclei,FAM.FT.SEP VTA=Ventral Tegmental Area,LMC.MM.VTA
- Summary of main projection pathways in the olfactory system - see Reference (CP.OLFACTORY-BULB)
AMYG=Cortical Amygdaloid Nucleus,FAM.FT.AM.CO (see Amygdala) AOB=Accessory Olfactory Bulb,LPC.FT.AOB AON=Anterior Olfactory Nucleus,LPC.FT.AON HC=Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC (see Hippocampal Formation) MD=Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.MD (see Cognitive Thalamus) MHT=Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.DM MOB=Main Olfactory Bulb,LPC.FT.MOB MOE=Main Olfactory Epithelium,LPC.PN.SG.MOE OT=Olfactory Tubercle,LPC.FT.OT PC=Piriform Cortex,NSA.NC.PH.PIR PHT=Posterior Hypothalamic Area,LAC.FD.HT.POS (see Hypothalamus) TEC=Prepyriform Cortex,NSA.NC.PH.PRP VNO=Vomeronasal Organ,LPC.PN.SG.VNO
References
(generated)
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- https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/veterinary-science-and-veterinary-medicine/tufted-cell
