OverallMindMaps

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Mind Maps

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Classical Divisions

Classical biological divisions are:

  • anatomically is divided into
  • *central*nervous*system* (CNS)
      • brain
      • spinal cord
  • *peripheral*nervous*system* (PNS) - convey neural messages from sense organs and sensory receptors to CNS and from CNS to muscles and glands
    • *cranial*nerves* - nerves emerging from brain
    • *spinal*nerves* - nerves emerging from spinal cord
  • functionally is divided into
  • *somatic*nervous*system*
    • *conveying*and*processing*conscious*and*unconscious*sensory* (afferent) information, vision, pain, touch, unconscious muscle sense from head, body wall, and extremities to CNS
    • *motor*(efferent)*control*of*voluntary* (striated) muscles
  • *autonomic*(visceral)*nervous*system*
    • *conveying*and*processing*sensory*input*from*visceral* organs
    • *motor*control*of*involuntary* (smooth) and cardiac musculature, and of glands of viscera

organization%20of%20nervous%20system.jpg

Brain Development and Embryo Vesicles

See full process at:

In the embryon CNS/brain is represented by 5 vesicles:

    • *forebrain* = prosencephalon
  • *telencephalon*
  • *diencephalon*
    • *midbrain*=*mesencephalon*
    • **hindbrain* = rhombencephalon
  • *metencephalon*
  • *myelencephalon*

After further development vesicles are transformed to below brain structures:

  • cerebrum
  • *telencephalon*(FT=Forebrain*Telencephalon)* -> cerebral hemispheres
      • cerebral cortex (gray matter)
    • anterior cortex
      • frontal lobe
    • posterior cortex
      • parietal lobe
      • occipital lobe
      • temporal lobe
      • central lobe (insula),
    • limbic lobe
      • underlying white matter
      • basal ganglia
    • corpus striatum (gray matter)
      • caudate nucleus
      • lenticular nucleus
        • putamen
        • globus pallidus (pallidum)
      • corpus callosum (required for left/right cooperation/coordination, not a source of intelligence)
      • anterior commissure (required for left/right cooperation/coordination, not a source of intelligence)
      • hippocampal formation
      • amygdala
  • *diencephalon*(FD=Forebrain*Diencephalon)* -> diencephalon
      • epithalamus
    • pineal gland (modified photoreceptor cells, day/night cycle, respond to circadian differences in sympathetic nervous system activity, critical trigger for hibernation and sexual maturation)
    • habenular nuclei (pathway by which limbic structures may influence brain stem/reticular formation function)
      • thalamus (dorsal thalamus)
      • hypothalamus
    • mamillary bodies
    • hypophysis (pituitary gland)
      • ventral thalamus (subthalamus)
  • brainstem
  • *mesencephalon*(MM=Midbrain*Mesencephalon)* -> midbrain
  • *metencephalon*(HP=Hindbrain*Pons,*including*cerebellum)* -> pons
  • *myelencephalon*(HM=Hindbrain*Medulla)* -> medulla
  • cerebellum
  • *metencephalon*(HP=Hindbrain*Pons,*including*cerebellum)* -> cerebellum

Adult Sources of Neurons:

    • *Subgranular*Zone*
    • *Subventricular*Zone* = NL:[[1]]

Target

(generated)

  • *Eye**(TARGET.TSA.EYE,*unknown)*
    • *Eye*sensory*data*(eye-sensory)*
      • *Eye*-*rods*and*cones*(eye-edge-output)*
      • *Eye*-*somatic*receptors*(eye-somatic)*
      • *Eye*-*visceral*receptors*(eye-visceral)*
    • *Eye*rotation*motor*muscles*(eye-rotation-motor)*
      • *Eye*-*inferior*oblique*muscle*(eye-muscle-rotate-major-inferior-oblique)*
      • *Eye*-*inferior*rectus*muscle*(eye-muscle-rotate-major-inferior-rectus)*
      • *Eye*-*medial*rectus*muscle*(eye-muscle-rotate-major-medial-rectus)*
      • *Eye*-*superior*rectus*muscle*(eye-muscle-rotate-major-superior-rectus)*
      • *Eye*-*levator*palpebrae*superioris*muscle*(eye-muscle-rotate-major-levator-palpebrae)*
      • *Eye*-*superior*oblique*muscle*(eye-muscle-rotate-minor)*
      • *Eye*-*lateral*rectus*muscle*(eye-muscle-rotate-vestibular)*
    • *Eye*pupil*and*accomodation*motor*muscles*(eye-pupil-motor)*
      • *Eye*-*ciliary*muscle*-*sympathetic*(eye-muscle-curvature-sympathetic)*
      • *Eye*-*ciliary*muscle*-*parasympathetic*(eye-muscle-curvature-parasympathetic)*
      • *Eye*-*iris*sphincter*muscle*(eye-muscle-pupil-close)*
      • *Eye*-*iris*dilator*muscle*(eye-muscle-pupil-open)*
    • *Eyelid*motor*muscles*(eyelid-motor)*
      • *Eye*-*orbicularis*oculi*muscle:temporal*(eye-muscle-close-conscious-orbital)*
      • *Eye*-*orbicularis*oculi*muscle:zygomatic*(eye-muscle-close-conscious-lacrimal)*
      • *Eye*-*orbicularis*oculi*muscle:palpebrale*(eye-muscle-close-involuntary-palpebrale)*
      • *Eye*-*superior*tarsal*muscle*(eye-muscle-superior-tarsal)*
      • *Eye*-*inferior*tarsal*muscle*(eye-muscle-inferior-tarsal)*
      • *Eye*-*orbitalis*muscle*(eye-orbitalis-muscle)*
    • *Eye*glands*(eye-glands)*
      • *Eye*-*lacrimal*gland*(eye-tears-gland)*
      • *Eye*-*lacrimal*gland*and*conjunctiva*receptors*(eye-lacrimal-gland-conjunctiva-receptors)*
  • *Ear**(TARGET.TSA.EAR,*unknown)*
    • *Ear*sound*sensory*data*(ear-sensory-sound-data)*
      • *Ear*-*inner*hair*cells*(ear-inner-hair-cells)*
      • *Ear*-*outer*hair*cells*feedback*(ear-outer-hair-cells-feedback)*
      • *Ear*-*somatic*receptors*(ear-somatic)*
      • *Ear*-*outer*ear*skin*(ear-external-skin)*
      • *Ear*-*acoustic*meatus*skin*(ear-acoustic-meatus-skin)*
      • *Ear*-*visceral*receptors*(ear-visceral)*
      • *Ear*-*timpanic*cavity*(ear-timpanic-cavity)*
    • *Ear*vestibular*sensory*data*(ear-sensory-vestibular-data)*
      • *Ear*-*semicircular*canals,*cristae*(ear-semicircular-canals)*
      • *Ear*-*utricle,*maculae*(ear-utricle)*
      • *Ear*-*saccule,*maculae*(ear-saccule)*
    • *Ear*sound*sensory*control*(ear-sensory-control)*
      • *Ear*-*outer*hair*cells*(ear-outer-hair-cells)*
      • *Ear*-*stapedius*muscle*(ear-stapedius)*
      • *Ear*-*tympanic*membrane*muscle*(ear-tensor-tympani-muscle)*
    • *Ear*move*muscles*(ear-move)*
      • *Ear*-*anterior*auricular*muscle*(ear-anterior-auricular-muscle)*
      • *Ear*-*posterior*auricular*muscle*(ear-posterior-auricular-muscle)*
      • *Ear*-*superior*auricular*muscle*(ear-superior-auricular-muscle)*
      • *Ear*-*oblique*muscle*of*auricle*(ear-oblique-auricular-muscle)*
      • *Ear*-*temporoparietalis*muscle*(ear-temporoparietalis-muscle)*
  • *Nose**(TARGET.TSA.NOSE,*unknown)*
    • *Nose*sensory*data*(nose-sensory-data)*
      • *Nose*-*volatile*(nose-volatile)*
      • *Nose*-*nonvolatile*(nose-nonvolatile)*
      • *Nose*-*proprioceptors*(nose-proprioceptors)*
      • *Nose*-*touch*receptors*(nose-somatic)*
      • *Nose*-*visceral*nodose*receptors*(nose-visceral-vagus)*
      • *Nose*-*visceral*pharynx*receptors*(nose-visceral-pharynx)*
    • *Ear*sensory*control*(nose-sensory-control)*
      • *Nose*-*nasal*glands*(nose-nasal-glands)*
    • *Nose*move*muscles*(nose-muscles)*
      • *Nose*-*depressor*septi*nasi*muscle*(nose-depressor-septi-nasi)*
      • *Nose*-*levator*labii*superioris*alaeque*nasi*muscle*(nose-levator-labii-superioris-alaeque-nasi)*
      • *Nose*-*nasalis*muscle*(nose-nasalis)*
      • *Nose*-*salpingopharyngeus*muscle*(nose-salpingopharyngeus)*
    • *Human*Effectors*(aHumanEffectors)* -> BrainAreaTEA
  • *Heart**(TARGET.TEA.HEART,*unknown)*
    • *Heart*-*NE*receptors*of*atrium*muscles*(heart-symp-control)*
    • *Heart*-*upper*cardiac*muscle*(heart-cardiac-upper-muscle)*
    • *Heart*-*lower*cardiac*muscle,*middle*(heart-cardiac-lower-muscle-middle)*
    • *Heart*-*lower*cardiac*muscle,*stellar*(heart-cardiac-lower-muscle-stellar)*
    • *Heart*-*ACh*receptors*of*atrium*muscles*(heart-psymp-control)*
    • *Heart*-*baroreceptors*in*aorta*(heart-aorta-baroreceptors)*
    • *Heart*-*baroreceptors*in*carotid*artery*(heart-carotid-baroreceptors)*
    • *Heart*-*visceral*receptors*(heart-visceral)*
  • *Immunity*glands*and*meninges**(TARGET.TEA.PROTECTOR,*unknown)*
    • *Protector*sensory*data*(protector-sensory-data)*
      • *Protector*-*cranial*meninges*(cranial-meninges)*
      • *Protector*-*tentorium*cerebelli*dura*mater*visceral*receptors*(tentorium-cerebelli-dura-matter)*
    • *Protector*tonsils*(protector-tonsils)*
      • *Protector*-*palatine*tonsil*(palatine-tonsil)*
      • *Protector*-*lingual*tonsil*(lingual-tonsil)*
      • *Protector*-*pharyngeal*tonsils*(pharyngeal-tonsils)*
    • *Protector*mucous*glands*(protector-mucous-glands)*
      • *Protector*-*hard*palate*mucous*gland*(hard-palate-mucosal-gland)*
      • *Protector*-*soft*palate*mucous*gland*(soft-palate-mucosal-gland)*
  • *Mouth*feeder**(TARGET.TEA.FEEDER,*unknown)*
    • *Feeder*salivatory*glands*(feeder-salivation)*
      • *Feeder*-*parotid*gland*(parotid-gland)*
      • *Feeder*-*submandibular*gland*(submandibular-gland)*
      • *Feeder*-*sublingual*gland*(sublingual-gland)*
    • *Feeder*taste*sensation*(mouth-taste-sensation)*
      • *Feeder*-*tongue*gustatory*hair*cell*(tongue-hair-cell)*
      • *Feeder*-*epiglottis*(epiglottis-taste-buds)*
      • *Feeder*-*soft*palate*sparse*taste*receptors*(soft-palate-sparse-taste-receptors)*
    • *Feeder*tongue*muscles*(tongue-muscles)*
      • *Feeder*-*genioglossus*muscle*(genioglossus-muscle)*
      • *Feeder*-*hyoglossus*muscle*(hyoglossus-muscle)*
      • *Feeder*-*styloglossus*muscle*(styloglossus-muscle)*
      • *Feeder*-*chondroglossus*muscle*(chondroglossus-muscle)*
      • *Feeder*-*palatoglossus*muscle*(palatoglossus-muscle)*
      • *Feeder*-*transverse*muscle*of*tongue*(transverse-tongue-muscle)*
      • *Feeder*-*vertical*muscle*of*tongue*(vertical-tongue-muscle)*
      • *Feeder*-*inferior*longitudinal*muscle*of*tongue*(tongue-inferior-longitudinal-muscle)*
      • *Feeder*-*stylohyoid*muscle*(stylohyoid-muscle)*
      • *Feeder*-*superior*longitudinal*muscle*of*tongue*(superior-longitudinal-muscle-tongue)*
    • *Feeder*swallowing*muscles*and*helper*components*(swallowing-muscles)*
      • *Feeder*-*digastric*muscle,*facial*(digastric-muscle-facial)*
      • *Feeder*-*digastric*muscle,*trigeminal*(digastric-muscle-trigeminal)*
      • *Feeder*-*geniohyoid*muscle*(geniohyoid-muscle)*
      • *Feeder*-*mylohyoid*muscle*(mylohyoid-muscle)*
      • *Feeder*-*inferior*pharyngeal*constrictor*muscle*(inferior-pharyngeal-constrictor-muscle)*
      • *Feeder*-*middle*pharyngeal*constrictor*muscle*(middle-pharyngeal-constrictor-muscle)*
      • *Feeder*-*superior*pharyngeal*constrictor*muscle*(superior-pharyngeal-constrictor-muscle)*
      • *Feeder*-*uvula*receptors*(uvula-receptors)*
      • *Feeder*-*musculus*uvulae*muscle*(uvulae-muscle)*
      • *Feeder*-*levator*veli*palatini*muscle*(levator-veli-palatini-muscle)*
      • *Feeder*-*tensor*veli*palatini*muscle*(tensor-veli-palatini-muscle)*
      • *Feeder*-*buccinator*muscle*(buccinator-muscle)*
    • *Feeder*chewing*muscles*(chewing-muscles)*
      • *Feeder*-*teeth*(teeth)*
      • *Feeder*-*masseter*muscle*(masticatory-masseter-muscle)*
      • *Feeder*-*lateral*pterygoid*muscle*(masticatory-lateral-pterygoid-muscle)*
      • *Feeder*-*medial*pterygoid*muscle*(masticatory-medial-pterygoid-muscle)*
      • *Feeder*-*temporal*muscle*(masticatory-temporal-muscle)*
      • *Feeder*-*proprioception*receptors*of*masticatory*muscles*(masticatory-unconscious-muscle-spindles)*
  • *Mouth*speaker**(TARGET.TEA.SPEAKER,*unknown)*
    • *Speaker*sensory*data*(speaker-sensory-data)*
      • *Speaker*-*palatine*tonsil*receptors*(palatine-tonsil-receptors)*
    • *Speaker*phonatory*muscles*(speaker-phonatory-muscles)*
      • *Speaker*-*lateral*cricoarytenoid*muscle*(lateral-cricoarytenoid-muscle)*
      • *Speaker*-*arytenoid*muscle*(arytenoid-muscle)*
      • *Speaker*-*cricothyroid*muscle*(cricothyroid-muscle)*
      • *Speaker*-*thyroarytenoid*muscle*(thyroarytenoid-muscle)*
      • *Speaker*-*oblique*arytenoid*muscle*(oblique-arytenoid-muscle)*
      • *Speaker*-*posterior*cricoarytenoid*muscle*(posterior-cricoarytenoid-muscle)*
      • *Speaker*-*thyroepiglottic*muscle*(thyroepiglottic-muscle)*
      • *Speaker*-*aryepiglottic*muscle*(aryepiglottic-muscle)*
    • *Speaker*respiratory*larynx*muscles*(speaker-respiratory-muscles)*
      • *Speaker*-*thyrohyoid*muscle*(larynx-thyrohyoid-muscle)*
      • *Speaker*-*omohyoid*muscle*(omohyoid-muscle)*
      • *Speaker*-*palatopharyngeus*muscle*(palatopharyngeus-muscle)*
      • *Speaker*-*sternohyoid*muscle*(sternohyoid-muscle)*
      • *Speaker*-*sternothyroid*muscle*(sternothyroid-muscle)*
      • *Speaker*-*levator*muscle*of*thyroid*gland*(thyroid-gland-levator-muscle)*
  • *Face**(TARGET.TEA.FACE,*unknown)*
    • *Face*sensory*data*(face-sensory-data)*
      • *Face*-*face*skin*(face-skin)*
      • *Face*-*parotid*skin*(face-parotid-skin)*
    • *Face*scalp*muscles*(face-scalp-muscles)*
      • *Face*-*corrugator*supercilii*muscle*(face-corrugator-supercilii-muscle)*
      • *Face*-*depressor*supercilii*muscle*(face-depressor-supercilii-muscle)*
      • *Face*-*frontalis*muscle*(face-frontalis-muscle)*
      • *Face*-*occipitalis*muscle*(face-occipitalis-muscle)*
    • *Face*upper*lip*muscles*(face-upper-lip-muscles)*
      • *Face*-*levator*labii*superioris*muscle*(face-levator-labii-superioris-muscle)*
      • *Face*-*procerus*muscle*(face-procerus)*
      • *Face*-*zygomaticus*minor*muscle*(zygomaticus-minor-muscle)*
    • *Face*lower*lip*muscles*(face-lower-lip-muscles)*
      • *Face*-*platysma*muscle*(face-platysma-muscle)*
      • *Face*-*depressor*labii*inferioris*muscle*(depressor-labii-inferioris-muscle)*
      • *Face*-*risorius*muscle*(risorius-muscle)*
      • *Face*-*mentalis*muscle*(mentalis-muscle)*
      • *Face*-*transverse*muscle*of*the*chin*(transverse-chin-muscle)*
    • *Face*surround*and*mouth*corners*muscles*(face-surround-corner-muscles)*
      • *Face*-*orbicularis*oris*muscle*(orbicularis-oris-muscle)*
      • *Face*-*zygomaticus*major*muscle,*buccal*(zygomaticus-major-muscle-buccal)*
      • *Face*-*zygomaticus*major*muscle,*proper*(zygomaticus-major-muscle-proper)*
      • *Face*-*levator*anguli*oris*muscle*(levator-anguli-oris-muscle)*
      • *Face*-*depressor*anguli*oris*muscle*(depressor-anguli-oris-muscle)*
  • *Neck**(TARGET.TEA.NECK,*unknown)*
    • *Neck*sensory*data*(neck-sensory-data)*
      • *Neck*-*cutaneous*receptors*of*low*neck*(neck-low-cutaneous-receptors)*
    • *Neck*flexors*(neck-flexors)*
      • *Neck*-*scalenus*anterior*muscle*(neck-scalenus-anterior)*
      • *Neck*-*scalenus*medius*muscle*(neck-scalenus-medius)*
      • *Neck*-*scalenus*posterior*muscle*(neck-scalenus-posterior)*
      • *Neck*-*longus*capitis*muscle*(neck-longus-capitis)*
      • *Neck*-*longus*colli*muscle*(neck-longus-colli)*
      • *Neck*-*rectus*capitis*anterior*muscle*(neck-rectus-capitis-anterior)*
      • *Neck*-*rectus*capitis*lateralis*muscle*(neck-rectus-capitis-lateralis)*
      • *Neck*-*sternocleidomastoid*muscle*(neck-sternocleidomastoid)*
    • *Neck*extensors*(neck-extensors)*
      • *Neck*-*obliquus*capitis*inferior*muscle*(neck-obliquus-capitis-inferior-muscle)*
      • *Neck*-*obliquus*capitis*superior*muscle*(neck-obliquus-capitis-superior-muscle)*
      • *Neck*-*rectus*capitis*posterior*major*muscle*(neck-rectus-capitis-posterior-major-muscle)*
      • *Neck*-*rectus*capitis*posterior*minor*muscle*(neck-rectus-capitis-posterior-minor-muscle)*
      • *Neck*-*semispinalis*capitis*(neck-semispinalis-capitis)*
      • *Neck*-*splenius*capitis*muscle*(neck-splenius-capitis)*
      • *Neck*-*splenius*cervicis*muscle*(neck-splenius-cervicis)*
  • *Liver**(TARGET.TEA.LIVER,*unknown)*
    • *Liver*sensory*data*(liver-sensory-data)*
      • *Liver*-*glucose*and*osmoreceptors*(glucose-and-osmoreceptors)*
      • *Liver*-*visceral*receptors*(visceral-receptors)*
    • *Liver*-*abdominal*alimentary*tract*glands*(glands)*
  • *Stomach**(TARGET.TEA.STOMACH,*unknown)*
    • *Stomach*sensory*data*(stomach-sensory-data)*
      • *Stomach*-*stomach*nutrition*sensor*(stomach-nutrition-sensor)*
    • *Stomach*gastrointestinal*tract*(stomach-gastrointestinal-tract)*
      • *Stomach*-*outer*longitudinal*and*inner*circular*smooth*muscles*(stomach-wall)*
      • *Stomach*-*mucosal*gastric*glands*(stomach-mucosal-gastric-glands)*
      • *Stomach*-*enzyme*glands*(stomach)*
      • *Stomach*-*small*intestine*(small-intestine)*
      • *Stomach*-*duodentum*(duodentum)*
      • *Stomach*-*colon*(colon)*
    • *Stomach*extractors*(stomach-extractors)*
      • *Stomach*-*spleen*(spleen)*
      • *Stomach*-*kidney*(kidney)*
  • *Lung**(TARGET.TEA.LUNG,*unknown)*
    • *Lung*sensory*data*(lung-sensory-data)*
      • *Lung*-*pulmonary*neuroepithelial*bodies*(pulmonary-neuroepithelial-bodies)*
      • *Lung*-*pericardium*and*pleura*receptors*(pericardium-pleura-receptors)*
      • *Lung*-*pulmonary*stretch*receptors*(pulmonary-stretch-receptors)*
    • *Lung*visceral*activity*(lung-visceral-activity)*
      • *Lung*-*glands*of*trachea,*lungs,*and*bronchi*(visceral-glands)*
      • *Lung*-*smooth*muscles*of*trachea*and*bronchial*tree*(smooth-muscles)*
    • *Lung*breath*muscles*(lung-breath-muscles)*
      • *Lung*-*thoracic*diaphragm*(thoracic-diaphragm)*
      • *Lung*-*stylopharyngeus*muscle*(stylopharyngeus-muscle)*
  • *Hand**(TARGET.TEA.HAND,*unknown)*
    • *Hand*somatic*sensory*data*(hand-somatic-sensory)*
      • *Hand*-*hand*somatic*receptors*(hand-somatic-receptors)*
    • *Hand*shoulder*(hand-shoulder)*
      • *Hand*shoulder*flexors*(hand-shoulder-flexors)*
        • *Hand*-*infraspinatus*muscle*(infraspinatus-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*supraspinatus*muscle*(supraspinatus-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*deltoid*muscle,*anterior*(anterior-deltoid-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*coracobrachialis*muscle*(coracobrachialis-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*levator*claviculae*muscle*(levator-claviculae-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*levator*scapulae*muscle,*roots*(levator-scapulae-muscle-roots)*
        • *Hand*-*levator*scapulae*muscle,*scapular*(levator-scapulae-muscle-scapular)*
        • *Hand*-*pectoralis*major*muscle*(pectoralis-major-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*rhomboid*major*muscle*(rhomboid-major-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*rhomboid*minor*muscle*(rhomboid-minor-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*serratus*anterior*muscle*(serratus-anterior-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*sternalis*muscle*(sternalis-muscle)*
      • *Hand*shoulder*extensors*(hand-shoulder-extensors)*
        • *Hand*-*subscapularis*muscle,*lower*(subscapularis-muscle-lower)*
        • *Hand*-*subscapularis*muscle,*upper*(subscapularis-muscle-upper)*
        • *Hand*-*teres*major*muscle*(shoulder-teres-major-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*latissimus*dorsi*muscle*(shoulder-latissimus-dorsi-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*deltoid*muscle,*lateral*and*posterior*(posteriolateral-deltoid-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*pectoralis*minor*muscle*(pectoralis-minor-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*subclavius*muscle*(subclavius-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*trapezius*muscle*(trapezius-muscle)*
    • *Hand*elbow*(hand-elbow)*
      • *Hand*elbow*flexors*(hand-elbow-flexors)*
        • *Hand*-*biceps*muscle*(biceps-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*brachialis*muscle*(brachialis-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*pronator*quadratus*muscle*(pronator-quadratus-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*pronator*teres*muscle*(pronator-teres-muscle)*
      • *Hand*elbow*extensors*(hand-elbow-extensors)*
        • *Hand*-*teres*minor*muscle*(teres-minor-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*triceps*brachii*muscle,*axillary*(triceps-brachii-muscle-axillary)*
        • *Hand*-*triceps*brachii*muscle,*radial*(triceps-brachii-muscle-radial)*
        • *Hand*-*articularis*cubiti*muscle*(articularis-cubiti-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*supinator*muscle*(supinator-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*anconeus*muscle*(anconeus-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*brachioradialis*muscle*(brachioradialis-muscle)*
    • *Hand*wrist*(hand-wrist)*
      • *Hand*wrist*flexors*(hand-wrist-flexors)*
        • *Hand*-*flexor*carpi*radialis*muscle*(flexor-carpi-radialis-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*flexor*carpi*ulnaris*muscle*(flexor-carpi-ulnaris-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*flexor*digitorum*profundus*muscle,*interosseous*(flexor-digitorum-profundus-muscle-interosseous)*
        • *Hand*-*palmaris*longus*muscle*(palmaris-longus-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*palmaris*brevis*muscle*(palmaris-brevis-muscle)*
      • *Hand*wrist*extensors*(hand-wrist-extensors)*
        • *Hand*-*extensor*digiti*minimi*muscle*(extensor-digiti-minimi-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*extensor*carpi*radialis*brevis*muscle*(extensor-carpi-radialis-brevis-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*extensor*carpi*radialis*longus*muscle*(extensor-carpi-radialis-longus-muscle)*
    • *Hand*fingers*(hand-fingers)*
      • *Hand*fingers*flexors*(hand-fingers-flexors)*
        • *Hand*-*flexor*pollicis*longus*muscle*(flexor-pollicis-longus-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*flexor*pollicis*brevis*muscle,*median*(flexor-pollicis-brevis-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*flexor*digitorum*superficialis*muscle*(flexor-digitorum-superficialis-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*abductor*digiti*minimi*muscle*of*hand*(abductor-digiti-minimi-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*abductor*pollicis*brevis*muscle*(abductor-pollicis-brevis-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*adductor*pollicis*muscle*(adductor-pollicis-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*dorsal*interossei*muscles*of*the*hand*(dorsal-interossei-muscle-hand)*
        • *Hand*-*flexor*digiti*minimi*brevis*of*hand*(flexor-digiti-minimi-brevis-muscle-hand)*
        • *Hand*-*flexor*digitorum*profundus*muscle,*ulnar*(flexor-digitorum-profundus-muscle-ulnar)*
        • *Hand*-*flexor*pollicis*brevis*muscle,*ulnar*(flexor-pollicis-brevis-muscle-ulnar)*
        • *Hand*-*lumbricals*of*the*hand*muscles,*median*(lumbricals-hand-muscles-median)*
        • *Hand*-*lumbricals*of*the*hand*muscles,*ulnar*(lumbricals-hand-muscles-ulnar)*
        • *Hand*-*opponens*digiti*minimi*muscle*(opponens-digiti-minimi-muscles)*
        • *Hand*-*opponens*pollicis*muscle*(opponens-pollicis-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*palmar*interossei*muscles*(palmar-interossei-muscles)*
      • *Hand*fingers*extensors*(hand-fingers-extensors)*
        • *Hand*-*abductor*pollicis*longus*muscle*(abductor-pollicis-longus-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*extensor*carpi*ulnaris*muscle*(extensor-carpi-ulnaris-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*extensor*digitorum*muscle*(extensor-digitorum-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*extensor*indicis*muscle*(extensor-indicis-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*extensor*pollicis*brevis*muscle*(extensor-pollicis-brevis-muscle)*
        • *Hand*-*extensor*pollicis*longus*muscle*(extensor-pollicis-longus-muscle)*
  • *Leg**(TARGET.TEA.LEG,*unknown)*
    • *Leg*somatic*sensory*data*(leg-somatic-sensory)*
      • *Leg*-*somatic*receptors*(leg-somatic-receptors)*
    • *Leg*thigh*(leg-thigh)*
      • *Leg*thigh*flexors*(leg-thigh-flexors)*
        • *Leg*-*piriformis*muscle*(piriformis-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*adductor*brevis*muscle*(leg-adductor-brevis-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*adductor*longus*muscle*(leg-adductor-longus-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*adductor*magnus*muscle,*obturator*(leg-adductor-magnus-muscle-obturator)*
        • *Leg*-*adductor*magnus*muscle,*tibial*(leg-adductor-magnus-muscle-tibial)*
        • *Leg*-*adductor*minimus*muscle,*obturator*(leg-adductor-minimus-muscle-obturator)*
        • *Leg*-*adductor*minimus*muscle,*tibial*(leg-adductor-minimus-muscle-tibial)*
        • *Leg*-*biceps*femoris*muscle,*tibial*(leg-biceps-femoris-muscle-tibial)*
        • *Leg*-*gemellus*inferior*muscle*(leg-gemellus-inferior-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*gemellus*superior*muscle*(leg-gemellus-superior-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*gluteus*medius*muscle*(leg-gluteus-medius-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*gluteus*minimus*muscle*(leg-gluteus-minimus-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*gracilis*muscle*(leg-gracilis-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*iliacus*muscle*(leg-iliacus-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*obturator*externus*muscle*(leg-obturator-externus-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*obturator*internus*muscle*(leg-obturator-internus-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*pectineus*muscle,*femoral*(leg-pectineus-muscle-femoral)*
        • *Leg*-*pectineus*muscle,*obturator*(leg-pectineus-muscle-obturator)*
        • *Leg*-*psoas*major*muscle*(leg-psoas-major-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*psoas*minor*muscle*(leg-psoas-minor-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*quadratus*femoris*muscle*(leg-quadratus-femoris-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*sartorius*muscle*(leg-sartorius-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*tensor*fasciae*latae*muscle*(leg-tensor-fasciae-latae-muscle)*
      • *Leg*thigh*extensors*(leg-thigh-extensors)*
        • *Leg*-*gluteus*maximus*muscle*(gluteus-maximus-muscle)*
    • *Leg*knee*(leg-knee)*
      • *Leg*knee*flexors*(leg-knee-flexors)*
        • *Leg*-*gastrocnemius*muscle*(gastrocnemius-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*popliteus*muscle*(popliteus-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*biceps*femoris*muscle,*peroneal*(leg-biceps-femoris-muscle-peroneal)*
        • *Leg*-*semimembranosus*muscle*(leg-semimembranosus-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*semitendinosus*muscle*(leg-semitendinosus-muscle)*
      • *Leg*knee*extensors*(leg-knee-extensors)*
        • *Leg*-*articularis*genu*muscle*(leg-articularis-genu-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*obliquus*genu*muscle*(leg-obliquus-genu-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*rectus*femoris*muscle*(leg-rectus-femoris-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*vastus*intermedius*muscle*(leg-vastus-intermedius-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*vastus*lateralis*muscle*(leg-vastus-lateralis-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*vastus*medialis*muscle*(leg-vastus-medialis-muscle)*
    • *Leg*foot*(leg-foot)*
      • *Leg*foot*flexors*(leg-foot-flexors)*
        • *Leg*-*tibialis*posterior*muscle*(tibialis-posterior-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*abductor*hallucis*muscle*(leg-abductor-hallucis-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*plantaris*muscle*(plantaris-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*quadratus*plantae*muscle*(leg-quadratus-plantae-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*adductor*hallucis*muscle*(leg-adductor-hallucis-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*accessory*soleus*muscle*(leg-accessory-soleus-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*fibularis*brevis*muscle*(leg-fibularis-brevis-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*fibularis*longus*muscle*(leg-fibularis-longus-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*soleus*muscle*(leg-soleus-muscle)*
      • *Leg*foot*extensors*(leg-foot-extensors)*
        • *Leg*-*fibularis*tertius*muscle*(fibularis-tertius-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*tibialis*anterior*muscle*(tibialis-anterior-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*extensor*hallucis*brevis*muscle*(leg-extensor-hallucis-brevis-muscle)*
    • *Leg*fingers*(leg-fingers)*
      • *Leg*fingers*flexors*(leg-fingers-flexors)*
        • *Leg*-*flexor*digitorum*longus*muscle*(flexor-longus-digitorum-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*flexor*hallucis*longus*muscle*(flexor-longus-hallucis-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*abductor*digiti*minimi*muscle*of*foot*(leg-abductor-digiti-minimi-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*flexor*digitorum*brevis*muscle*(leg-flexor-digitorum-brevis-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*lumbrical*muscle*of*foot,*lateral*(leg-lumbrical-muscle-lateral)*
        • *Leg*-*lumbrical*muscle*of*foot,*medial*(leg-lumbrical-muscle-medial)*
        • *Leg*-*flexor*digiti*minimi*brevis*muscle*of*foot*(leg-flexor-digiti-minimi-brevis-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*flexor*hallucis*brevis*muscle*(leg-flexor-hallucis-brevis-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*dorsal*interossei*muscles*of*the*foot*(leg-dorsal-interossei-muscles)*
        • *Leg*-*plantar*interossei*muscles*(leg-plantar-interossei-muscles)*
      • *Leg*fingers*extensors*(leg-fingers-extensors)*
        • *Leg*-*extensor*digitorum*brevis*muscle*(extensor-digitorum-brevis-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*extensor*digitorum*longus*muscle*(extensor-digitorum-longus-muscle)*
        • *Leg*-*extensor*hallucis*longus*muscle*(extensor-hallucis-longus-muscle)*
  • *Trunk**(TARGET.TEA.TRUNK,*unknown)*
    • *Trunk*sensory*data*(trunk-sensory-data)*
      • *Trunk*-*upper*somatic*receptors*(trunk-upper-somatic-receptors)*
      • *Trunk*-*lower*somatic*receptors*(trunk-lower-somatic-receptors)*
    • *Trunk*back*(trunk-back)*
      • *Trunk*back*flexors*(trunk-back-flexors)*
        • *Trunk*-*iliocostalis*muscle*(trunk-iliocostalis-muscle)*
        • *Trunk*-*rotatores*muscles*(trunk-rotatores-muscles)*
        • *Trunk*-*spinalis*muscle*(trunk-spinalis-muscle)*
      • *Trunk*back*extensors*(trunk-back-extensors)*
        • *Trunk*-*semispinalis*dorsi*(thoracis)*(trunk-semispinalis-dorsi-thoracis)*
        • *Trunk*-*interspinales*muscles*(trunk-interspinales-muscles)*
        • *Trunk*-*intertransversarii*muscle*(trunk-intertransversarii-muscle)*
        • *Trunk*-*levatores*costarum*muscles*(trunk-levatores-costarum-muscles)*
        • *Trunk*-*longissimus*muscle*(trunk-longissimus-muscle)*
        • *Trunk*-*multifidus*muscle*(trunk-multifidus-muscle)*
        • *Trunk*-*quadratus*lumborum*muscle*(trunk-quadratus-lumborum-muscle)*
        • *Trunk*-*semispinalis*cervicis*(trunk-semispinalis-cervicis-muscle)*
    • *Trunk*chest*(trunk-chest)*
      • *Trunk*chest*flexors*(trunk-chest-flexors)*
        • *Trunk*-*external*intercostal*muscles*(trunk-external-intercostal-muscles)*
        • *Trunk*-*serratus*posterior*superior*muscle*(trunk-serratus-posterior-superior-muscle)*
      • *Trunk*chest*extensors*(trunk-chest-extensors)*
        • *Trunk*-*subcostalis*muscle*(trunk-subcostalis-muscle)*
        • *Trunk*-*transversus*thoracis*muscle*(trunk-transversus-thoracis-muscle)*
        • *Trunk*-*internal*intercostal*muscles*(trunk-internal-intercostal-muscles)*
        • *Trunk*-*serratus*posterior*inferior*muscle*(trunk-serratus-posterior-inferior-muscle)*
    • *Trunk*abdomen*(trunk-abdomen)*
      • *Trunk*abdomen*flexors*(trunk-abdomen-flexors)*
        • *Trunk*-*rectus*abdominis*muscle*(trunk-rectus-abdominis-muscle)*
        • *Trunk*-*abdominal*internal*oblique*muscle*(trunk-internal-oblique-muscle)*
        • *Trunk*-*pyramidalis*muscle*(trunk-pyramidalis-muscle)*
        • *Trunk*-*abdominal*external*oblique*muscle*(trunk-abdominal-external-oblique-muscle)*
      • *Trunk*abdomen*extensors*(trunk-abdomen-extensors)*
        • *Trunk*-*transversus*abdominis*muscle*(trunk-transversus-abdominis)*
  • *Breast**(TARGET.TEA.BREAST,*unknown)*
    • *Breast*-*skin*receptors*(breast-skin-receptors)*
    • *Breast*-*nipple*smooth*muscles*(nipple-smooth-muscles)*
  • *Genitalia**(TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA,*unknown)*
    • *Genitalia*-*sensations*(genitalia-sensory)*
      • *Genitalia*-*utetovaginal*visceral*receptors*(utetovaginal-visceral-receptors)*
      • *Genitalia*-*visceral*sexual*receptors*(visceral-sexual-receptors)*
    • *Genitalia*-*urination*and*support*muscles*(genitalia-urination)*
      • *Genitalia*-*bulbospongiosus*muscle*(bulbospongiosus-muscle)*
      • *Genitalia*-*pubococcygeus*muscle*(pubococcygeus-muscle)*
    • *Genitalia*-*erection*muscles*(genitalia-erection)*
      • *Genitalia*-*ischiocavernosus*muscle*(ischiocavernosus-muscle)*
      • *Genitalia*-*man*erection*muscles*(genitalia-erection-man)*
        • *Genitalia*-*corpus*cavernosum*penis*(corpus-cavernosum-penis)*
      • *Genitalia*-*woman*erection*muscles*(genitalia-erection-woman)*
        • *Genitalia*-*uterus,*sympathetic*contractors*(uterus-sympathetic)*
        • *Genitalia*-*parasympathetic*uterus*vasodilators*(uterus-parasympathetic)*
        • *Genitalia*-*vagina,*sympathetic*vasoconstrictors*(vagina-sympathetic)*
        • *Genitalia*-*parasympathetic*vaginal*vasodilators*(vagina-parasympathetic)*
        • *Genitalia*-*corpus*cavernosum*clitoridis*(corpus-cavernosum-clitoridis)*
    • *Genitalia*-*ejaculation*muscles*and*glands,*pregnancy*and*lifecycle*support*(genitalia-ejaculation)*
      • *Genitalia*-*man*ejaculation*muscles*and*glands*(genitalia-ejaculation-man)*
        • *Genitalia*-*cowper*gland*(cowper-gland)*
        • *Genitalia*-*prostate*gland*(prostate-gland)*
        • *Genitalia*-*vas*deferens*(vas-deferens)*
        • *Genitalia*-*deep*transverse*perineal*muscle,*penis*(deep-transverse-perineal-muscle-penis)*
      • *Genitalia*-*woman*ejaculation*muscles*and*glands*(genitalia-ejaculation-woman)*
        • *Genitalia*-*bartholin*gland*(bartholin-gland)*
        • *Genitalia*-*skenes*gland*(skenes-gland)*
        • *Genitalia*-*cervix*(cervix-gland)*
        • *Genitalia*-*deep*transverse*perineal*muscle,*clitoris*(deep-transverse-perineal-muscle-clitoris)*
    • *Genitalia*-*scrotum*muscles*(genitalia-scrotum-muscles)*
      • *Genitalia*-*cremaster*muscle*(cremaster-muscle)*
      • *Genitalia*-*dartos*muscle*(dartos-muscle)*
  • *Ureter**(TARGET.TEA.URETER,*unknown)*
    • *Ureter*sensory*data*(ureter-sensory-data)*
      • *Ureter*-*ureter*visceral*receptors*(ureter-visceral-receptors)*
    • *Ureter*autonomic*(ureter-autonomic)*
      • *Ureter*-*detrusor*urinae*muscle,*parasympathetic*(detrusor-urinae-muscle-parasympathetic)*
      • *Ureter*-*internal*sphincter*muscle*of*urethra,*parasympathetic*(internal-urethral-sphincter-parasympathetic)*
      • *Ureter*-*detrusor*urinae*muscle,*sympathetic*(detrusor-urinae-muscle-sympathetic)*
      • *Ureter*-*internal*sphincter*muscle*of*urethra,*sympathetic*(internal-urethral-sphincter-sympathetic)*
    • *Ureter*conscious*(ureter-conscious)*
      • *Ureter*-*external*sphincter*muscle*of*female*urethra*(external-urethral-sphincter-female)*
      • *Ureter*-*external*sphincter*muscle*of*male*urethra*(external-urethral-sphincter-male)*
  • *Rectum**(TARGET.TEA.RECTUM,*unknown)*
    • *Rectum*sensory*data*(rectum-sensory-data)*
      • *Rectum*-*large*intestine*visceral*receptors*(large-intestine-visceral-receptors)*
    • *Rectum*autonomic*(rectum-autonomic)*
      • *Rectum*-*sphincter*ani*internus*muscle,*parasympathetic*(sphincter-ani-internus-muscle-parasympathetic)*
      • *Rectum*-*sphincter*ani*internus*muscle,*sympathetic*(sphincter-ani-internus-muscle-sympathetic)*
    • *Rectum*conscious*flexors*(rectum-conscious-flexors)*
      • *Rectum*-*superficial*transverse*perineal*muscle*(superficial-transverse-perineal-muscle)*
      • *Rectum*-*corrugator*cutis*ani*muscle*(corrugator-cutis-ani-muscle)*
      • *Rectum*-*sphincter*ani*externus*muscle*(sphincter-ani-externus-muscle)*
    • *Rectum*conscious*extensors*(rectum-conscious-extensors)*
      • *Rectum*-*puborectalis*muscle*(puborectalis-muscle)*
      • *Rectum*-*coccygeus*muscle*(coccygeus-muscle)*
      • *Rectum*-*iliococcygeus*muscle*(iliococcygeus-muscle)*
  • *Blood*vessels**(TARGET.TEA.VESSELS,*unknown)*
    • *Head*vessels*(head-vessels)*
      • *Vessels*-*parotid*gland*vasoconstrictors*(parotid-gland-vasoconstrictors)*
      • *Vessels*-*submandibular*gland*vasoconstrictors*(submandibular-gland-vasoconstrictors)*
      • *Vessels*-*sublingual*gland*vasoconstrictors*(sublingual-gland-vasoconstrictors)*
    • *Body*vessels*(body-vessels)*
      • *Vessels*-*heart*blood*vessels*(heart-blood-vessels)*
      • *Vessels*-*thorathic*arterial*vasoconstrictors*(arterial-thoracic-vasoconstrictors)*
      • *Vessels*-*breast*blood*vessels*(breast-blood-vessels)*
      • *Vessels*-*stomach*blood*vessels*(stomach-blood-vessels)*
      • *Vessels*-*liver*blood*vessels*(liver-blood-vessels)*
      • *Vessels*-*renal*blood*vessels*(renal-blood-vessels)*
    • *Limb*vessels*(limb-vessels)*
      • *Vessels*-*wall*of*brachial*artery*smooth*muscles*(brachial-artery-vasoconstrictors)*
      • *Vessels*-*arm*blood*vessels*(arm-blood-vessels)*
      • *Vessels*-*forearm*blood*vessels*(forearm-blood-vessels)*
  • *Endocrine*Glands**(TARGET.TEA.ENDOCRINE,*unknown)*
    • *Endocrine*head*(endocrine-head)*
    • *Endocrine*neck*(endocrine-neck)*
      • *Endocrine*-*thyroid*gland*(endocrine-thyroid-gland)*
      • *Endocrine*-*parathyroid*gland*(endocrine-parathyroid-gland)*
    • *Endocrine*body*(endocrine-body)*
      • *Endocrine*-*pancreas*(endocrine-pancreas)*
        • *Endocrine*-*pancreas,*sympathetic*(endocrine-pancreas-adrenergic)*
        • *Endocrine*-*pancreas,*parasympathetic*(endocrine-pancreas-muscarinic)*
      • *Endocrine*-*adrenal*gland*(endocrine-adrenal-gland)*
    • *Endocrine*-*gonads*(endocrine-gonads)*
      • *Endocrine*-*testicle*gland*(endocrine-testicle-gland)*
      • *Endocrine*-*ovary*gland*(endocrine-ovary-gland)*

Brodmann Areas of Cerebral Cortex

Verified by:

outline.gif

Anterior Lobe

(generated)

Parietal Lobe

(generated)

Occipital Lobe

(generated)

Temporal Lobe

(generated)

Parahippocampal Lobe

(generated)

Nuclei List

Below nuclei list is upper part of brain hierarchy up to mapped regions. Coverage verified by:

Forebrain Telencephalon

(generated)

Forebrain Diencephalon

(generated)

Midbrain Mesencephalon

(generated)

Hindbrain Metencephalon

(generated)

Hindbrain Myelencephalon

(generated)

Spinal Cord

(generated)

Peripheral Nervous System

(generated)

Cranial Nerves

Pons relay signals from the forebrain to the cerebellum, along with nuclei that deal primarily with:

  • sleep
  • respiration
  • swallowing
  • bladder control
  • hearing
  • equilibrium
  • taste
  • eye movement
  • facial expressions
  • facial sensation
  • posture

Cranial nerves:

    • *0*-*cranial*nerve*zero*: detection of pheromones
    • *1*-*olfactory*nerve*: transmits the sense of smell
    • *2*-*optic*nerve*: transmits visual information to the brain
    • *3*-*oculomotor*nerve*: perform most eye movements
    • *4*-*trochlear*nerve*: depresses, rotates laterally - around the optic axis, and intorts the eyeball
    • *5*-*trigeminal*nerve*: receives sensation from the face and innervates the muscles of mastication
    • *6*-*abducens*nerve*: abducts the eye
    • *7*-*facial*nerve*: motor innervation to the muscles of facial expression, receives the special sense of taste from anterior tongue, secretomotor innervation to the salivary glands and lacrimal gland
    • *8*-*vestibulocochlear*nerve*: senses sound, rotation and gravity, carries impulses for equilibrium
    • *9*-*glossopharyngeal*nerve*: receives taste from the posterior tongue
    • *10*-*vagus*nerve*: branchiomotor innervation to most laryngeal and all pharyngeal muscles, receives the special sense of taste from the epiglottis, controls muscles for voice and resonance and the soft palate
    • *11*-*accessory*nerve*: controls sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles, overlaps with functions of the vagus
    • *12*-*hypoglossal*nerve*: motor innervation to the muscles of the tongue, swallowing and speech articulation

Diagrams

Brodmann Areas:

brein9.jpg

Spinal Cord Nuclei:

spinal-cord-nuclei.jpg

Left and Right Brains:

BrainMindOrganization.jpg

REM Sleep:

d_11_cr_cyc_2a.jpg

References

Retrieved from "http://wiki.ahuman.org/index.php?title=OverallMindMaps&oldid=669"