Revision as of 09:10, 16 June 2015

Mind Maps

Home -> BiologicalLifeResearch -> OverallMindMaps

Classical Divisions

Classical *biological divisions* are:

• anatomically is divided into

* *central nervous system* (CNS)
 * brain
 * spinal cord
* *peripheral nervous system* (PNS) - convey neural messages from sense organs and sensory receptors to CNS and from CNS to muscles and glands
 * *cranial nerves* - nerves emerging from brain
 * *spinal nerves* - nerves emerging from spinal cord

• functionally is divided into

* *somatic nervous system*
 * conveying and processing *conscious and unconscious sensory* (afferent) information, vision, pain, touch, unconscious muscle sense from head, body wall, and extremities to CNS
 * motor (efferent) control of *voluntary* (striated) muscles
* *autonomic (visceral) nervous system*
 * conveying and processing sensory input from *visceral* organs
 * motor control of *involuntary* (smooth) and cardiac musculature, and of glands of viscera

Brain Development and Embryo Vesicles

See full process at:

• [OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM]
• [THE NERVOUS SYSTEM BEGINS]

In the embryon CNS/brain is represented by 5 vesicles:

• *forebrain* = prosencephalon

* *telencephalon*
* *diencephalon*

• *midbrain* = *mesencephalon*
• *hindbrain* = rhombencephalon

* *metencephalon*
* *myelencephalon*

After further development vesicles are transformed to below brain structures:

• cerebrum

* *telencephalon (FT=Forebrain Telencephalon)* -> cerebral hemispheres
 * cerebral cortex (gray matter)
  * anterior cortex
   * frontal lobe
  * posterior cortex
   * parietal lobe
   * occipital lobe
   * temporal lobe
   * central lobe (insula),
  * limbic lobe
 * underlying white matter
 * basal ganglia
  * corpus striatum (gray matter)
   * caudate nucleus
   * lenticular nucleus
    * putamen
    * globus pallidus (pallidum)
 * corpus callosum (required for left/right cooperation/coordination, not a source of intelligence)
 * anterior commissure (required for left/right cooperation/coordination, not a source of intelligence)
 * hippocampal formation
 * amygdala
* *diencephalon (FD=Forebrain Diencephalon)* -> diencephalon
 * epithalamus
  * pineal gland (modified photoreceptor cells, day/night cycle, respond to circadian differences in sympathetic nervous system activity, critical trigger for hibernation and sexual maturation)
  * habenular nuclei (pathway by which limbic structures may influence brain stem/reticular formation function)
 * thalamus (dorsal thalamus)
 * hypothalamus
  * mamillary bodies
  * hypophysis (pituitary gland)
 * ventral thalamus (subthalamus)

• brainstem

* *mesencephalon (MM=Midbrain Mesencephalon)* -> midbrain
* *metencephalon (HP=Hindbrain Pons, including cerebellum)* -> pons
* *myelencephalon (HM=Hindbrain Medulla)* -> medulla

• cerebellum

* *metencephalon (HP=Hindbrain Pons, including cerebellum)* -> cerebellum

Adult Sources of Neurons:

• *Subgranular Zone*
• *Subventricular Zone* = NL:[[1]]

Target

(generated)

• *Human Sensors (aHumanSensors)* -> BrainAreaTSA

* Eye * (TARGET.TSA.EYE, unknown)*
 * *Eye sensory data (eye-sensory)*
  * *Eye - rods and cones (eye-edge-output)*
  * *Eye - somatic receptors (eye-somatic)*
  * *Eye - visceral receptors (eye-visceral)*
 * *Eye rotation motor muscles (eye-rotation-motor)*
  * *Eye - inferior oblique muscle (eye-muscle-rotate-major-inferior-oblique)*
  * *Eye - inferior rectus muscle (eye-muscle-rotate-major-inferior-rectus)*
  * *Eye - medial rectus muscle (eye-muscle-rotate-major-medial-rectus)*
  * *Eye - superior rectus muscle (eye-muscle-rotate-major-superior-rectus)*
  * *Eye - levator palpebrae superioris muscle (eye-muscle-rotate-major-levator-palpebrae)*
  * *Eye - superior oblique muscle (eye-muscle-rotate-minor)*
  * *Eye - lateral rectus muscle (eye-muscle-rotate-vestibular)*
 * *Eye pupil and accomodation motor muscles (eye-pupil-motor)*
  * *Eye - ciliary muscle - sympathetic (eye-muscle-curvature-sympathetic)*
  * *Eye - ciliary muscle - parasympathetic (eye-muscle-curvature-parasympathetic)*
  * *Eye - iris sphincter muscle (eye-muscle-pupil-close)*
  * *Eye - iris dilator muscle (eye-muscle-pupil-open)*
 * *Eyelid motor muscles (eyelid-motor)*
  * *Eye - orbicularis oculi muscle:temporal (eye-muscle-close-conscious-orbital)*
  * *Eye - orbicularis oculi muscle:zygomatic (eye-muscle-close-conscious-lacrimal)*
  * *Eye - orbicularis oculi muscle:palpebrale (eye-muscle-close-involuntary-palpebrale)*
  * *Eye - superior tarsal muscle (eye-muscle-superior-tarsal)*
  * *Eye - inferior tarsal muscle (eye-muscle-inferior-tarsal)*
  * *Eye - orbitalis muscle (eye-orbitalis-muscle)*
 * *Eye glands (eye-glands)*
  * *Eye - lacrimal gland (eye-tears-gland)*
  * *Eye - lacrimal gland and conjunctiva receptors (eye-lacrimal-gland-conjunctiva-receptors)*
* Ear * (TARGET.TSA.EAR, unknown)*
 * *Ear sound sensory data (ear-sensory-sound-data)*
  * *Ear - inner hair cells (ear-inner-hair-cells)*
  * *Ear - outer hair cells feedback (ear-outer-hair-cells-feedback)*
  * *Ear - somatic receptors (ear-somatic)*
  * *Ear - outer ear skin (ear-external-skin)*
  * *Ear - acoustic meatus skin (ear-acoustic-meatus-skin)*
  * *Ear - visceral receptors (ear-visceral)*
  * *Ear - timpanic cavity (ear-timpanic-cavity)*
 * *Ear vestibular sensory data (ear-sensory-vestibular-data)*
  * *Ear - semicircular canals, cristae (ear-semicircular-canals)*
  * *Ear - utricle, maculae (ear-utricle)*
  * *Ear - saccule, maculae (ear-saccule)*
 * *Ear sound sensory control (ear-sensory-control)*
  * *Ear - outer hair cells (ear-outer-hair-cells)*
  * *Ear - stapedius muscle (ear-stapedius)*
  * *Ear - tympanic membrane muscle (ear-tensor-tympani-muscle)*
 * *Ear move muscles (ear-move)*
  * *Ear - anterior auricular muscle (ear-anterior-auricular-muscle)*
  * *Ear - posterior auricular muscle (ear-posterior-auricular-muscle)*
  * *Ear - superior auricular muscle (ear-superior-auricular-muscle)*
  * *Ear - oblique muscle of auricle (ear-oblique-auricular-muscle)*
  * *Ear - temporoparietalis muscle (ear-temporoparietalis-muscle)*
* Nose * (TARGET.TSA.NOSE, unknown)*
 * *Nose sensory data (nose-sensory-data)*
  * *Nose - volatile (nose-volatile)*
  * *Nose - nonvolatile (nose-nonvolatile)*
  * *Nose - proprioceptors (nose-proprioceptors)*
  * *Nose - touch receptors (nose-somatic)*
  * *Nose - visceral nodose receptors (nose-visceral-vagus)*
  * *Nose - visceral pharynx receptors (nose-visceral-pharynx)*
 * *Ear sensory control (nose-sensory-control)*
  * *Nose - nasal glands (nose-nasal-glands)*
 * *Nose move muscles (nose-muscles)*
  * *Nose - depressor septi nasi muscle (nose-depressor-septi-nasi)*
  * *Nose - levator labii superioris alaeque nasi muscle (nose-levator-labii-superioris-alaeque-nasi)*
  * *Nose - nasalis muscle (nose-nasalis)*
  * *Nose - salpingopharyngeus muscle (nose-salpingopharyngeus)*

• *Human Effectors (aHumanEffectors)* -> BrainAreaTEA

* Heart * (TARGET.TEA.HEART, unknown)*
 * *Heart - NE receptors of atrium muscles (heart-symp-control)*
 * *Heart - upper cardiac muscle (heart-cardiac-upper-muscle)*
 * *Heart - lower cardiac muscle, middle (heart-cardiac-lower-muscle-middle)*
 * *Heart - lower cardiac muscle, stellar (heart-cardiac-lower-muscle-stellar)*
 * *Heart - ACh receptors of atrium muscles (heart-psymp-control)*
 * *Heart - baroreceptors in aorta (heart-aorta-baroreceptors)*
 * *Heart - baroreceptors in carotid artery (heart-carotid-baroreceptors)*
 * *Heart - visceral receptors (heart-visceral)*
* Immunity glands and meninges * (TARGET.TEA.PROTECTOR, unknown)*
 * *Protector sensory data (protector-sensory-data)*
  * *Protector - cranial meninges (cranial-meninges)*
  * *Protector - tentorium cerebelli dura mater visceral receptors (tentorium-cerebelli-dura-matter)*
 * *Protector tonsils (protector-tonsils)*
  * *Protector - palatine tonsil (palatine-tonsil)*
  * *Protector - lingual tonsil (lingual-tonsil)*
  * *Protector - pharyngeal tonsils (pharyngeal-tonsils)*
 * *Protector mucous glands (protector-mucous-glands)*
  * *Protector - hard palate mucous gland (hard-palate-mucosal-gland)*
  * *Protector - soft palate mucous gland (soft-palate-mucosal-gland)*
* Mouth feeder * (TARGET.TEA.FEEDER, unknown)*
 * *Feeder salivatory glands (feeder-salivation)*
  * *Feeder - parotid gland (parotid-gland)*
  * *Feeder - submandibular gland (submandibular-gland)*
  * *Feeder - sublingual gland (sublingual-gland)*
 * *Feeder taste sensation (mouth-taste-sensation)*
  * *Feeder - tongue gustatory hair cell (tongue-hair-cell)*
  * *Feeder - epiglottis (epiglottis-taste-buds)*
  * *Feeder - soft palate sparse taste receptors (soft-palate-sparse-taste-receptors)*
 * *Feeder tongue muscles (tongue-muscles)*
  * *Feeder - genioglossus muscle (genioglossus-muscle)*
  * *Feeder - hyoglossus muscle (hyoglossus-muscle)*
  * *Feeder - styloglossus muscle (styloglossus-muscle)*
  * *Feeder - chondroglossus muscle (chondroglossus-muscle)*
  * *Feeder - palatoglossus muscle (palatoglossus-muscle)*
  * *Feeder - transverse muscle of tongue (transverse-tongue-muscle)*
  * *Feeder - vertical muscle of tongue (vertical-tongue-muscle)*
  * *Feeder - inferior longitudinal muscle of tongue (tongue-inferior-longitudinal-muscle)*
  * *Feeder - stylohyoid muscle (stylohyoid-muscle)*
  * *Feeder - superior longitudinal muscle of tongue (superior-longitudinal-muscle-tongue)*
 * *Feeder swallowing muscles and helper components (swallowing-muscles)*
  * *Feeder - digastric muscle, facial (digastric-muscle-facial)*
  * *Feeder - digastric muscle, trigeminal (digastric-muscle-trigeminal)*
  * *Feeder - geniohyoid muscle (geniohyoid-muscle)*
  * *Feeder - mylohyoid muscle (mylohyoid-muscle)*
  * *Feeder - inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle (inferior-pharyngeal-constrictor-muscle)*
  * *Feeder - middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle (middle-pharyngeal-constrictor-muscle)*
  * *Feeder - superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle (superior-pharyngeal-constrictor-muscle)*
  * *Feeder - uvula receptors (uvula-receptors)*
  * *Feeder - musculus uvulae muscle (uvulae-muscle)*
  * *Feeder - levator veli palatini muscle (levator-veli-palatini-muscle)*
  * *Feeder - tensor veli palatini muscle (tensor-veli-palatini-muscle)*
  * *Feeder - buccinator muscle (buccinator-muscle)*
 * *Feeder chewing muscles (chewing-muscles)*
  * *Feeder - teeth (teeth)*
  * *Feeder - masseter muscle (masticatory-masseter-muscle)*
  * *Feeder - lateral pterygoid muscle (masticatory-lateral-pterygoid-muscle)*
  * *Feeder - medial pterygoid muscle (masticatory-medial-pterygoid-muscle)*
  * *Feeder - temporal muscle (masticatory-temporal-muscle)*
  * *Feeder - proprioception receptors of masticatory muscles (masticatory-unconscious-muscle-spindles)*
* Mouth speaker * (TARGET.TEA.SPEAKER, unknown)*
 * *Speaker sensory data (speaker-sensory-data)*
  * *Speaker - palatine tonsil receptors (palatine-tonsil-receptors)*
 * *Speaker phonatory muscles (speaker-phonatory-muscles)*
  * *Speaker - lateral cricoarytenoid muscle (lateral-cricoarytenoid-muscle)*
  * *Speaker - arytenoid muscle (arytenoid-muscle)*
  * *Speaker - cricothyroid muscle (cricothyroid-muscle)*
  * *Speaker - thyroarytenoid muscle (thyroarytenoid-muscle)*
  * *Speaker - oblique arytenoid muscle (oblique-arytenoid-muscle)*
  * *Speaker - posterior cricoarytenoid muscle (posterior-cricoarytenoid-muscle)*
  * *Speaker - thyroepiglottic muscle (thyroepiglottic-muscle)*
  * *Speaker - aryepiglottic muscle (aryepiglottic-muscle)*
 * *Speaker respiratory larynx muscles (speaker-respiratory-muscles)*
  * *Speaker - thyrohyoid muscle (larynx-thyrohyoid-muscle)*
  * *Speaker - omohyoid muscle (omohyoid-muscle)*
  * *Speaker - palatopharyngeus muscle (palatopharyngeus-muscle)*
  * *Speaker - sternohyoid muscle (sternohyoid-muscle)*
  * *Speaker - sternothyroid muscle (sternothyroid-muscle)*
  * *Speaker - levator muscle of thyroid gland (thyroid-gland-levator-muscle)*
* Face * (TARGET.TEA.FACE, unknown)*
 * *Face sensory data (face-sensory-data)*
  * *Face - face skin (face-skin)*
  * *Face - parotid skin (face-parotid-skin)*
 * *Face scalp muscles (face-scalp-muscles)*
  * *Face - corrugator supercilii muscle (face-corrugator-supercilii-muscle)*
  * *Face - depressor supercilii muscle (face-depressor-supercilii-muscle)*
  * *Face - frontalis muscle (face-frontalis-muscle)*
  * *Face - occipitalis muscle (face-occipitalis-muscle)*
 * *Face upper lip muscles (face-upper-lip-muscles)*
  * *Face - levator labii superioris muscle (face-levator-labii-superioris-muscle)*
  * *Face - procerus muscle (face-procerus)*
  * *Face - zygomaticus minor muscle (zygomaticus-minor-muscle)*
 * *Face lower lip muscles (face-lower-lip-muscles)*
  * *Face - platysma muscle (face-platysma-muscle)*
  * *Face - depressor labii inferioris muscle (depressor-labii-inferioris-muscle)*
  * *Face - risorius muscle (risorius-muscle)*
  * *Face - mentalis muscle (mentalis-muscle)*
  * *Face - transverse muscle of the chin (transverse-chin-muscle)*
 * *Face surround and mouth corners muscles (face-surround-corner-muscles)*
  * *Face - orbicularis oris muscle (orbicularis-oris-muscle)*
  * *Face - zygomaticus major muscle, buccal (zygomaticus-major-muscle-buccal)*
  * *Face - zygomaticus major muscle, proper (zygomaticus-major-muscle-proper)*
  * *Face - levator anguli oris muscle (levator-anguli-oris-muscle)*
  * *Face - depressor anguli oris muscle (depressor-anguli-oris-muscle)*
* Neck * (TARGET.TEA.NECK, unknown)*
 * *Neck sensory data (neck-sensory-data)*
  * *Neck - cutaneous receptors of low neck (neck-low-cutaneous-receptors)*
 * *Neck flexors (neck-flexors)*
  * *Neck - scalenus anterior muscle (neck-scalenus-anterior)*
  * *Neck - scalenus medius muscle (neck-scalenus-medius)*
  * *Neck - scalenus posterior muscle (neck-scalenus-posterior)*
  * *Neck - longus capitis muscle (neck-longus-capitis)*
  * *Neck - longus colli muscle (neck-longus-colli)*
  * *Neck - rectus capitis anterior muscle (neck-rectus-capitis-anterior)*
  * *Neck - rectus capitis lateralis muscle (neck-rectus-capitis-lateralis)*
  * *Neck - sternocleidomastoid muscle (neck-sternocleidomastoid)*
 * *Neck extensors (neck-extensors)*
  * *Neck - obliquus capitis inferior muscle (neck-obliquus-capitis-inferior-muscle)*
  * *Neck - obliquus capitis superior muscle (neck-obliquus-capitis-superior-muscle)*
  * *Neck - rectus capitis posterior major muscle (neck-rectus-capitis-posterior-major-muscle)*
  * *Neck - rectus capitis posterior minor muscle (neck-rectus-capitis-posterior-minor-muscle)*
  * *Neck - semispinalis capitis (neck-semispinalis-capitis)*
  * *Neck - splenius capitis muscle (neck-splenius-capitis)*
  * *Neck - splenius cervicis muscle (neck-splenius-cervicis)*
* Liver * (TARGET.TEA.LIVER, unknown)*
 * *Liver sensory data (liver-sensory-data)*
  * *Liver - glucose and osmoreceptors (glucose-and-osmoreceptors)*
  * *Liver - visceral receptors (visceral-receptors)*
 * *Liver - abdominal alimentary tract glands (glands)*
* Stomach * (TARGET.TEA.STOMACH, unknown)*
 * *Stomach sensory data (stomach-sensory-data)*
  * *Stomach - stomach nutrition sensor (stomach-nutrition-sensor)*
 * *Stomach gastrointestinal tract (stomach-gastrointestinal-tract)*
  * *Stomach - outer longitudinal and inner circular smooth muscles (stomach-wall)*
  * *Stomach - mucosal gastric glands (stomach-mucosal-gastric-glands)*
  * *Stomach - enzyme glands (stomach)*
  * *Stomach - small intestine (small-intestine)*
  * *Stomach - duodentum (duodentum)*
  * *Stomach - colon (colon)*
 * *Stomach extractors (stomach-extractors)*
  * *Stomach - spleen (spleen)*
  * *Stomach - kidney (kidney)*
* Lung * (TARGET.TEA.LUNG, unknown)*
 * *Lung sensory data (lung-sensory-data)*
  * *Lung - pulmonary neuroepithelial bodies (pulmonary-neuroepithelial-bodies)*
  * *Lung - pericardium and pleura receptors (pericardium-pleura-receptors)*
  * *Lung - pulmonary stretch receptors (pulmonary-stretch-receptors)*
 * *Lung visceral activity (lung-visceral-activity)*
  * *Lung - glands of trachea, lungs, and bronchi (visceral-glands)*
  * *Lung - smooth muscles of trachea and bronchial tree (smooth-muscles)*
 * *Lung breath muscles (lung-breath-muscles)*
  * *Lung - thoracic diaphragm (thoracic-diaphragm)*
  * *Lung - stylopharyngeus muscle (stylopharyngeus-muscle)*
* Hand * (TARGET.TEA.HAND, unknown)*
 * *Hand somatic sensory data (hand-somatic-sensory)*
  * *Hand - hand somatic receptors (hand-somatic-receptors)*
 * *Hand shoulder (hand-shoulder)*
  * *Hand shoulder flexors (hand-shoulder-flexors)*
   * *Hand - infraspinatus muscle (infraspinatus-muscle)*
   * *Hand - supraspinatus muscle (supraspinatus-muscle)*
   * *Hand - deltoid muscle, anterior (anterior-deltoid-muscle)*
   * *Hand - coracobrachialis muscle (coracobrachialis-muscle)*
   * *Hand - levator claviculae muscle (levator-claviculae-muscle)*
   * *Hand - levator scapulae muscle, roots (levator-scapulae-muscle-roots)*
   * *Hand - levator scapulae muscle, scapular (levator-scapulae-muscle-scapular)*
   * *Hand - pectoralis major muscle (pectoralis-major-muscle)*
   * *Hand - rhomboid major muscle (rhomboid-major-muscle)*
   * *Hand - rhomboid minor muscle (rhomboid-minor-muscle)*
   * *Hand - serratus anterior muscle (serratus-anterior-muscle)*
   * *Hand - sternalis muscle (sternalis-muscle)*
  * *Hand shoulder extensors (hand-shoulder-extensors)*
   * *Hand - subscapularis muscle, lower (subscapularis-muscle-lower)*
   * *Hand - subscapularis muscle, upper (subscapularis-muscle-upper)*
   * *Hand - teres major muscle (shoulder-teres-major-muscle)*
   * *Hand - latissimus dorsi muscle (shoulder-latissimus-dorsi-muscle)*
   * *Hand - deltoid muscle, lateral and posterior (posteriolateral-deltoid-muscle)*
   * *Hand - pectoralis minor muscle (pectoralis-minor-muscle)*
   * *Hand - subclavius muscle (subclavius-muscle)*
   * *Hand - trapezius muscle (trapezius-muscle)*
 * *Hand elbow (hand-elbow)*
  * *Hand elbow flexors (hand-elbow-flexors)*
   * *Hand - biceps muscle (biceps-muscle)*
   * *Hand - brachialis muscle (brachialis-muscle)*
   * *Hand - pronator quadratus muscle (pronator-quadratus-muscle)*
   * *Hand - pronator teres muscle (pronator-teres-muscle)*
  * *Hand elbow extensors (hand-elbow-extensors)*
   * *Hand - teres minor muscle (teres-minor-muscle)*
   * *Hand - triceps brachii muscle, axillary (triceps-brachii-muscle-axillary)*
   * *Hand - triceps brachii muscle, radial (triceps-brachii-muscle-radial)*
   * *Hand - articularis cubiti muscle (articularis-cubiti-muscle)*
   * *Hand - supinator muscle (supinator-muscle)*
   * *Hand - anconeus muscle (anconeus-muscle)*
   * *Hand - brachioradialis muscle (brachioradialis-muscle)*
 * *Hand wrist (hand-wrist)*
  * *Hand wrist flexors (hand-wrist-flexors)*
   * *Hand - flexor carpi radialis muscle (flexor-carpi-radialis-muscle)*
   * *Hand - flexor carpi ulnaris muscle (flexor-carpi-ulnaris-muscle)*
   * *Hand - flexor digitorum profundus muscle, interosseous (flexor-digitorum-profundus-muscle-interosseous)*
   * *Hand - palmaris longus muscle (palmaris-longus-muscle)*
   * *Hand - palmaris brevis muscle (palmaris-brevis-muscle)*
  * *Hand wrist extensors (hand-wrist-extensors)*
   * *Hand - extensor digiti minimi muscle (extensor-digiti-minimi-muscle)*
   * *Hand - extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle (extensor-carpi-radialis-brevis-muscle)*
   * *Hand - extensor carpi radialis longus muscle (extensor-carpi-radialis-longus-muscle)*
 * *Hand fingers (hand-fingers)*
  * *Hand fingers flexors (hand-fingers-flexors)*
   * *Hand - flexor pollicis longus muscle (flexor-pollicis-longus-muscle)*
   * *Hand - flexor pollicis brevis muscle, median (flexor-pollicis-brevis-muscle)*
   * *Hand - flexor digitorum superficialis muscle (flexor-digitorum-superficialis-muscle)*
   * *Hand - abductor digiti minimi muscle of hand (abductor-digiti-minimi-muscle)*
   * *Hand - abductor pollicis brevis muscle (abductor-pollicis-brevis-muscle)*
   * *Hand - adductor pollicis muscle (adductor-pollicis-muscle)*
   * *Hand - dorsal interossei muscles of the hand (dorsal-interossei-muscle-hand)*
   * *Hand - flexor digiti minimi brevis of hand (flexor-digiti-minimi-brevis-muscle-hand)*
   * *Hand - flexor digitorum profundus muscle, ulnar (flexor-digitorum-profundus-muscle-ulnar)*
   * *Hand - flexor pollicis brevis muscle, ulnar (flexor-pollicis-brevis-muscle-ulnar)*
   * *Hand - lumbricals of the hand muscles, median (lumbricals-hand-muscles-median)*
   * *Hand - lumbricals of the hand muscles, ulnar (lumbricals-hand-muscles-ulnar)*
   * *Hand - opponens digiti minimi muscle (opponens-digiti-minimi-muscles)*
   * *Hand - opponens pollicis muscle (opponens-pollicis-muscle)*
   * *Hand - palmar interossei muscles (palmar-interossei-muscles)*
  * *Hand fingers extensors (hand-fingers-extensors)*
   * *Hand - abductor pollicis longus muscle (abductor-pollicis-longus-muscle)*
   * *Hand - extensor carpi ulnaris muscle (extensor-carpi-ulnaris-muscle)*
   * *Hand - extensor digitorum muscle (extensor-digitorum-muscle)*
   * *Hand - extensor indicis muscle (extensor-indicis-muscle)*
   * *Hand - extensor pollicis brevis muscle (extensor-pollicis-brevis-muscle)*
   * *Hand - extensor pollicis longus muscle (extensor-pollicis-longus-muscle)*
* Leg * (TARGET.TEA.LEG, unknown)*
 * *Leg somatic sensory data (leg-somatic-sensory)*
  * *Leg - somatic receptors (leg-somatic-receptors)*
 * *Leg thigh (leg-thigh)*
  * *Leg thigh flexors (leg-thigh-flexors)*
   * *Leg - piriformis muscle (piriformis-muscle)*
   * *Leg - adductor brevis muscle (leg-adductor-brevis-muscle)*
   * *Leg - adductor longus muscle (leg-adductor-longus-muscle)*
   * *Leg - adductor magnus muscle, obturator (leg-adductor-magnus-muscle-obturator)*
   * *Leg - adductor magnus muscle, tibial (leg-adductor-magnus-muscle-tibial)*
   * *Leg - adductor minimus muscle, obturator (leg-adductor-minimus-muscle-obturator)*
   * *Leg - adductor minimus muscle, tibial (leg-adductor-minimus-muscle-tibial)*
   * *Leg - biceps femoris muscle, tibial (leg-biceps-femoris-muscle-tibial)*
   * *Leg - gemellus inferior muscle (leg-gemellus-inferior-muscle)*
   * *Leg - gemellus superior muscle (leg-gemellus-superior-muscle)*
   * *Leg - gluteus medius muscle (leg-gluteus-medius-muscle)*
   * *Leg - gluteus minimus muscle (leg-gluteus-minimus-muscle)*
   * *Leg - gracilis muscle (leg-gracilis-muscle)*
   * *Leg - iliacus muscle (leg-iliacus-muscle)*
   * *Leg - obturator externus muscle (leg-obturator-externus-muscle)*
   * *Leg - obturator internus muscle (leg-obturator-internus-muscle)*
   * *Leg - pectineus muscle, femoral (leg-pectineus-muscle-femoral)*
   * *Leg - pectineus muscle, obturator (leg-pectineus-muscle-obturator)*
   * *Leg - psoas major muscle (leg-psoas-major-muscle)*
   * *Leg - psoas minor muscle (leg-psoas-minor-muscle)*
   * *Leg - quadratus femoris muscle (leg-quadratus-femoris-muscle)*
   * *Leg - sartorius muscle (leg-sartorius-muscle)*
   * *Leg - tensor fasciae latae muscle (leg-tensor-fasciae-latae-muscle)*
  * *Leg thigh extensors (leg-thigh-extensors)*
   * *Leg - gluteus maximus muscle (gluteus-maximus-muscle)*
 * *Leg knee (leg-knee)*
  * *Leg knee flexors (leg-knee-flexors)*
   * *Leg - gastrocnemius muscle (gastrocnemius-muscle)*
   * *Leg - popliteus muscle (popliteus-muscle)*
   * *Leg - biceps femoris muscle, peroneal (leg-biceps-femoris-muscle-peroneal)*
   * *Leg - semimembranosus muscle (leg-semimembranosus-muscle)*
   * *Leg - semitendinosus muscle (leg-semitendinosus-muscle)*
  * *Leg knee extensors (leg-knee-extensors)*
   * *Leg - articularis genu muscle (leg-articularis-genu-muscle)*
   * *Leg - obliquus genu muscle (leg-obliquus-genu-muscle)*
   * *Leg - rectus femoris muscle (leg-rectus-femoris-muscle)*
   * *Leg - vastus intermedius muscle (leg-vastus-intermedius-muscle)*
   * *Leg - vastus lateralis muscle (leg-vastus-lateralis-muscle)*
   * *Leg - vastus medialis muscle (leg-vastus-medialis-muscle)*
 * *Leg foot (leg-foot)*
  * *Leg foot flexors (leg-foot-flexors)*
   * *Leg - tibialis posterior muscle (tibialis-posterior-muscle)*
   * *Leg - abductor hallucis muscle (leg-abductor-hallucis-muscle)*
   * *Leg - plantaris muscle (plantaris-muscle)*
   * *Leg - quadratus plantae muscle (leg-quadratus-plantae-muscle)*
   * *Leg - adductor hallucis muscle (leg-adductor-hallucis-muscle)*
   * *Leg - accessory soleus muscle (leg-accessory-soleus-muscle)*
   * *Leg - fibularis brevis muscle (leg-fibularis-brevis-muscle)*
   * *Leg - fibularis longus muscle (leg-fibularis-longus-muscle)*
   * *Leg - soleus muscle (leg-soleus-muscle)*
  * *Leg foot extensors (leg-foot-extensors)*
   * *Leg - fibularis tertius muscle (fibularis-tertius-muscle)*
   * *Leg - tibialis anterior muscle (tibialis-anterior-muscle)*
   * *Leg - extensor hallucis brevis muscle (leg-extensor-hallucis-brevis-muscle)*
 * *Leg fingers (leg-fingers)*
  * *Leg fingers flexors (leg-fingers-flexors)*
   * *Leg - flexor digitorum longus muscle (flexor-longus-digitorum-muscle)*
   * *Leg - flexor hallucis longus muscle (flexor-longus-hallucis-muscle)*
   * *Leg - abductor digiti minimi muscle of foot (leg-abductor-digiti-minimi-muscle)*
   * *Leg - flexor digitorum brevis muscle (leg-flexor-digitorum-brevis-muscle)*
   * *Leg - lumbrical muscle of foot, lateral (leg-lumbrical-muscle-lateral)*
   * *Leg - lumbrical muscle of foot, medial (leg-lumbrical-muscle-medial)*
   * *Leg - flexor digiti minimi brevis muscle of foot (leg-flexor-digiti-minimi-brevis-muscle)*
   * *Leg - flexor hallucis brevis muscle (leg-flexor-hallucis-brevis-muscle)*
   * *Leg - dorsal interossei muscles of the foot (leg-dorsal-interossei-muscles)*
   * *Leg - plantar interossei muscles (leg-plantar-interossei-muscles)*
  * *Leg fingers extensors (leg-fingers-extensors)*
   * *Leg - extensor digitorum brevis muscle (extensor-digitorum-brevis-muscle)*
   * *Leg - extensor digitorum longus muscle (extensor-digitorum-longus-muscle)*
   * *Leg - extensor hallucis longus muscle (extensor-hallucis-longus-muscle)*
* Trunk * (TARGET.TEA.TRUNK, unknown)*
 * *Trunk sensory data (trunk-sensory-data)*
  * *Trunk - upper somatic receptors (trunk-upper-somatic-receptors)*
  * *Trunk - lower somatic receptors (trunk-lower-somatic-receptors)*
 * *Trunk back (trunk-back)*
  * *Trunk back flexors (trunk-back-flexors)*
   * *Trunk - iliocostalis muscle (trunk-iliocostalis-muscle)*
   * *Trunk - rotatores muscles (trunk-rotatores-muscles)*
   * *Trunk - spinalis muscle (trunk-spinalis-muscle)*
  * *Trunk back extensors (trunk-back-extensors)*
   * *Trunk - semispinalis dorsi (thoracis) (trunk-semispinalis-dorsi-thoracis)*
   * *Trunk - interspinales muscles (trunk-interspinales-muscles)*
   * *Trunk - intertransversarii muscle (trunk-intertransversarii-muscle)*
   * *Trunk - levatores costarum muscles (trunk-levatores-costarum-muscles)*
   * *Trunk - longissimus muscle (trunk-longissimus-muscle)*
   * *Trunk - multifidus muscle (trunk-multifidus-muscle)*
   * *Trunk - quadratus lumborum muscle (trunk-quadratus-lumborum-muscle)*
   * *Trunk - semispinalis cervicis (trunk-semispinalis-cervicis-muscle)*
 * *Trunk chest (trunk-chest)*
  * *Trunk chest flexors (trunk-chest-flexors)*
   * *Trunk - external intercostal muscles (trunk-external-intercostal-muscles)*
   * *Trunk - serratus posterior superior muscle (trunk-serratus-posterior-superior-muscle)*
  * *Trunk chest extensors (trunk-chest-extensors)*
   * *Trunk - subcostalis muscle (trunk-subcostalis-muscle)*
   * *Trunk - transversus thoracis muscle (trunk-transversus-thoracis-muscle)*
   * *Trunk - internal intercostal muscles (trunk-internal-intercostal-muscles)*
   * *Trunk - serratus posterior inferior muscle (trunk-serratus-posterior-inferior-muscle)*
 * *Trunk abdomen (trunk-abdomen)*
  * *Trunk abdomen flexors (trunk-abdomen-flexors)*
   * *Trunk - rectus abdominis muscle (trunk-rectus-abdominis-muscle)*
   * *Trunk - abdominal internal oblique muscle (trunk-internal-oblique-muscle)*
   * *Trunk - pyramidalis muscle (trunk-pyramidalis-muscle)*
   * *Trunk - abdominal external oblique muscle (trunk-abdominal-external-oblique-muscle)*
  * *Trunk abdomen extensors (trunk-abdomen-extensors)*
   * *Trunk - transversus abdominis muscle (trunk-transversus-abdominis)*
* Breast * (TARGET.TEA.BREAST, unknown)*
 * *Breast - skin receptors (breast-skin-receptors)*
 * *Breast - nipple smooth muscles (nipple-smooth-muscles)*
* Genitalia * (TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA, unknown)*
 * *Genitalia - sensations (genitalia-sensory)*
  * *Genitalia - utetovaginal visceral receptors (utetovaginal-visceral-receptors)*
  * *Genitalia - visceral sexual receptors (visceral-sexual-receptors)*
 * *Genitalia - urination and support muscles (genitalia-urination)*
  * *Genitalia - bulbospongiosus muscle (bulbospongiosus-muscle)*
  * *Genitalia - pubococcygeus muscle (pubococcygeus-muscle)*
 * *Genitalia - erection muscles (genitalia-erection)*
  * *Genitalia - ischiocavernosus muscle (ischiocavernosus-muscle)*
  * *Genitalia - man erection muscles (genitalia-erection-man)*
   * *Genitalia - corpus cavernosum penis (corpus-cavernosum-penis)*
  * *Genitalia - woman erection muscles (genitalia-erection-woman)*
   * *Genitalia - uterus, sympathetic contractors (uterus-sympathetic)*
   * *Genitalia - parasympathetic uterus vasodilators (uterus-parasympathetic)*
   * *Genitalia - vagina, sympathetic vasoconstrictors (vagina-sympathetic)*
   * *Genitalia - parasympathetic vaginal vasodilators (vagina-parasympathetic)*
   * *Genitalia - corpus cavernosum clitoridis (corpus-cavernosum-clitoridis)*
 * *Genitalia - ejaculation muscles and glands, pregnancy and lifecycle support (genitalia-ejaculation)*
  * *Genitalia - man ejaculation muscles and glands (genitalia-ejaculation-man)*
   * *Genitalia - cowper gland (cowper-gland)*
   * *Genitalia - prostate gland (prostate-gland)*
   * *Genitalia - vas deferens (vas-deferens)*
   * *Genitalia - deep transverse perineal muscle, penis (deep-transverse-perineal-muscle-penis)*
  * *Genitalia - woman ejaculation muscles and glands (genitalia-ejaculation-woman)*
   * *Genitalia - bartholin gland (bartholin-gland)*
   * *Genitalia - skenes gland (skenes-gland)*
   * *Genitalia - cervix (cervix-gland)*
   * *Genitalia - deep transverse perineal muscle, clitoris (deep-transverse-perineal-muscle-clitoris)*
 * *Genitalia - scrotum muscles (genitalia-scrotum-muscles)*
  * *Genitalia - cremaster muscle (cremaster-muscle)*
  * *Genitalia - dartos muscle (dartos-muscle)*
* Ureter * (TARGET.TEA.URETER, unknown)*
 * *Ureter sensory data (ureter-sensory-data)*
  * *Ureter - ureter visceral receptors (ureter-visceral-receptors)*
 * *Ureter autonomic (ureter-autonomic)*
  * *Ureter - detrusor urinae muscle, parasympathetic (detrusor-urinae-muscle-parasympathetic)*
  * *Ureter - internal sphincter muscle of urethra, parasympathetic (internal-urethral-sphincter-parasympathetic)*
  * *Ureter - detrusor urinae muscle, sympathetic (detrusor-urinae-muscle-sympathetic)*
  * *Ureter - internal sphincter muscle of urethra, sympathetic (internal-urethral-sphincter-sympathetic)*
 * *Ureter conscious (ureter-conscious)*
  * *Ureter - external sphincter muscle of female urethra (external-urethral-sphincter-female)*
  * *Ureter - external sphincter muscle of male urethra (external-urethral-sphincter-male)*
* Rectum * (TARGET.TEA.RECTUM, unknown)*
 * *Rectum sensory data (rectum-sensory-data)*
  * *Rectum - large intestine visceral receptors (large-intestine-visceral-receptors)*
 * *Rectum autonomic (rectum-autonomic)*
  * *Rectum - sphincter ani internus muscle, parasympathetic (sphincter-ani-internus-muscle-parasympathetic)*
  * *Rectum - sphincter ani internus muscle, sympathetic (sphincter-ani-internus-muscle-sympathetic)*
 * *Rectum conscious flexors (rectum-conscious-flexors)*
  * *Rectum - superficial transverse perineal muscle (superficial-transverse-perineal-muscle)*
  * *Rectum - corrugator cutis ani muscle (corrugator-cutis-ani-muscle)*
  * *Rectum - sphincter ani externus muscle (sphincter-ani-externus-muscle)*
 * *Rectum conscious extensors (rectum-conscious-extensors)*
  * *Rectum - puborectalis muscle (puborectalis-muscle)*
  * *Rectum - coccygeus muscle (coccygeus-muscle)*
  * *Rectum - iliococcygeus muscle (iliococcygeus-muscle)*
* Blood vessels * (TARGET.TEA.VESSELS, unknown)*
 * *Head vessels (head-vessels)*
  * *Vessels - parotid gland vasoconstrictors (parotid-gland-vasoconstrictors)*
  * *Vessels - submandibular gland vasoconstrictors (submandibular-gland-vasoconstrictors)*
  * *Vessels - sublingual gland vasoconstrictors (sublingual-gland-vasoconstrictors)*
 * *Body vessels (body-vessels)*
  * *Vessels - heart blood vessels (heart-blood-vessels)*
  * *Vessels - thorathic arterial vasoconstrictors (arterial-thoracic-vasoconstrictors)*
  * *Vessels - breast blood vessels (breast-blood-vessels)*
  * *Vessels - stomach blood vessels (stomach-blood-vessels)*
  * *Vessels - liver blood vessels (liver-blood-vessels)*
  * *Vessels - renal blood vessels (renal-blood-vessels)*
 * *Limb vessels (limb-vessels)*
  * *Vessels - wall of brachial artery smooth muscles (brachial-artery-vasoconstrictors)*
  * *Vessels - arm blood vessels (arm-blood-vessels)*
  * *Vessels - forearm blood vessels (forearm-blood-vessels)*
* Endocrine Glands * (TARGET.TEA.ENDOCRINE, unknown)*
 * *Endocrine head (endocrine-head)*
  * Endocrine - pineal gland * (endocrine-pineal-gland)* = NL:[body]
 * *Endocrine neck (endocrine-neck)*
  * *Endocrine - thyroid gland (endocrine-thyroid-gland)*
  * *Endocrine - parathyroid gland (endocrine-parathyroid-gland)*
 * *Endocrine body (endocrine-body)*
  * *Endocrine - pancreas (endocrine-pancreas)*
   * *Endocrine - pancreas, sympathetic (endocrine-pancreas-adrenergic)*
   * *Endocrine - pancreas, parasympathetic (endocrine-pancreas-muscarinic)*
  * *Endocrine - adrenal gland (endocrine-adrenal-gland)*
 * *Endocrine - gonads (endocrine-gonads)*
  * *Endocrine - testicle gland (endocrine-testicle-gland)*
  * *Endocrine - ovary gland (endocrine-ovary-gland)*

Brodmann Areas of Cerebral Cortex

Verified by:

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brodmann_area
• https://sites.google.com/site/pl99323/neuroanat3/brodmanna
• http://top-topics.thefullwiki.org/Brodmann_areas

Anterior Lobe

(generated)

• *BA 4*: Motor Cortex (NMA.NC.MC)
• *BA 6*: Dorsal Caudal Premotor Cortex (NMA.NC.PMC.F2), Dorsal Rostral Premotor Cortex (NMA.NC.PMC.F7), Ventral Caudal Premotor Cortex (NMA.NC.PMC.F4), Ventral Rostral Premotor Cortex (NMA.NC.PMC.F5), Supplementary Eye Field (NMA.NC.SMC.SEF), Pre-Supplementary Motor Area (NMA.NC.SMC.F6), Supplementary Motor Area (NMA.NC.SMC.F3)
• *BA 8*: Caudal Frontal Eye Field (NMA.NC.PMC.CFEF), Anterior Frontal Eye Field (NMA.NC.PMC.AFEF)
• *BA 9*: Dorsomedial Prefrontal Cortex (NDM.NC.AL.DMPFC)
• *BA 10*: Lateral Frontopolar Cortex (NDM.NC.AL.FPC), Most Rostral Orbitofrontal Cortex (NDM.NC.AL.ROFCR), Sulcal Rostral Orbitofrontal Cortex (NDM.NC.AL.ROFCS), Medial Rostral Orbitofrontal Cortex (NDM.NC.AL.ROFCM), Lateral Rostral Orbitofrontal Cortex (NDM.NC.AL.ROFCL)
• *BA 11*: Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex (NDM.NC.AL.VMPFC)
• *BA 12*: Lateral Frontopolar Cortex (NDM.NC.AL.FPC), Most Rostral Orbitofrontal Cortex (NDM.NC.AL.ROFCR), Sulcal Rostral Orbitofrontal Cortex (NDM.NC.AL.ROFCS), Medial Rostral Orbitofrontal Cortex (NDM.NC.AL.ROFCM), Lateral Rostral Orbitofrontal Cortex (NDM.NC.AL.ROFCL)
• *BA 24*: Ventral Anterior Cingulate Area (NDM.NC.AL.VACG), Ventral Anterior Cingulate Area (NDM.NC.AL.VMCG)
• *BA 25*: Subgenual Cingulate Cortex (NCP.NC.AL.SGCG)
• *BA 32*: Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area (NDM.NC.AL.DACG), Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area (NDM.NC.AL.DMCG)
• *BA 33*: Pregenual Cingulate Cortex (NDM.NC.AL.PGCG)
• *BA 44,45*: Broca's Area Pars Opercularis (NPE.NC.BRA.PO), Broca's Area Pars Triangularis (NPE.NC.BRA.PT)
• *BA 46*: Rostral Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (NDM.NC.AL.DLPFCR), Lateral Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (NDM.NC.AL.DLPFCL)
• *BA 47*: Inferior Prefrontal Gyrus (NDM.NC.AL.IPG)

Parietal Lobe

(generated)

• *BA 1,2,3*: Primary Somatosensory Cortex (NSA.NC.PG.S1)
• *BA 5*: Somatosensory Association Cortex (NPE.NC.SPL.SA)
• *BA 7*: Rostral Precuneus (NPE.NC.SPL.PF), Caudal Precuneus (NPE.NC.SPL.PG)
• *BA 23*: Posterior Cingulate Cortex (NCP.NC.MPL.PSCG)
• *BA 26*: Subgenual Cingulate Cortex (NCP.NC.MPL.SGCG)
• *BA 29,30*: Retrosplenial Cortex (NCP.NC.MPL.RSC)
• *BA 31*: Posterior Cingulate Cortex (NCP.NC.MPL.PSCG)
• *BA 39*: Medial Superior Temporal Area (NPE.NC.IPL.MST), Medial Intraparietal Sulcus (NPE.NC.IPS.MIP), Lateral Intraparietal Sulcus (NPE.NC.IPS.LIP), Ventral Intraparietal Sulcus (NSA.NC.IPS.VIP), Anterior Intraparietal Sulcus (NSA.NC.IPS.AIP)
• *BA 40*: Supramarginal Wernike Cortex (NPE.NC.IPL.SMW), Secondary Somatosensory Cortex (NSA.NC.PG.S2), Parietal Ventral Cortex (NSA.NC.PG.PV)
• *BA 43*: Precentral Cortex (NSA.NC.PO.PCC)

Occipital Lobe

(generated)

• *BA 17*: Primary Visual Cortex (NSA.NC.OCC.V1)
• *BA 18*: Secondary Visual Cortex, Thin Stripe (NSA.NC.OCC.V2TN), Secondary Visual Cortex, Thick Stripe (NSA.NC.OCC.V2TK), Secondary Visual Cortex, Pale Stripe (NPE.NC.OCC.V2PL)
• *BA 19*: Dorsal Associative Visual Cortex (NPE.NC.OCC.V3D), Ventral Associative Visual Cortex (NPE.NC.OCC.V3V), Middle Temporal Area (NSA.NC.OCC.MT), Parietooccipital Area (NSA.NC.OCC.PO)
• *BA 37*: Dorsal Visual Area V4 (NSA.NC.OCC.V4D), Ventral Visual Area V4 (NSA.NC.OCC.V4V)

Temporal Lobe

(generated)

• *BA 13*: Posterior Insular Cortex (NCP.NC.INS.PIC)
• *BA 14*: Anterior Insular Cortex (NCP.NC.INS.AIC)
• *BA 15*: Anterior Temporal Lobe (NCP.NC.INS.HR)
• *BA 16*: Peripaleocortical Claustral (NCP.NC.INS.PPC)
• *BA 20*: Inferotemporal Cortex (NSA.NC.IT.TE)
• *BA 21*: Preoccipital Inferotemporal Area (NSA.NC.IT.TEO)
• *BA 22*: Wernicke's area A3 (NSA.NC.STG.A3), Wernicke's area A4 (NSA.NC.STG.A4)
• *BA 38*: Temporopolar Cortex (NCP.NC.TPC)
• *BA 41*: Primary Auditory Cortex (NSA.NC.TTG.A1)
• *BA 42*: Auditory Association Area (NSA.NC.TTG.A2)
• *BA 52*: Parainsular Area (NPE.NC.STG.PAI)

Parahippocampal Lobe

(generated)

• *BA 27*: Presubiculum (FMM.NC.PH.PRS)
• *BA 28*: Lateral Entorhinal Cortex (FMM.NC.PH.LEC), Medial Entorhinal Cortex (FMM.NC.PH.MEC)
• *BA 29,30*: Postrhinal Cortex (FMM.NC.PH.POR)
• *BA 34*: Piriform Cortex (NSA.NC.PH.PIR)
• *BA 35,36*: Perirhinal Cortex (FMM.NC.PH.PER)
• *BA 48*: Postsubiculum (FMM.NC.PH.POS)
• *BA 49*: Parasubiculum (FMM.NC.PH.PAS)
• *BA 51*: Prepyriform Cortex (NSA.NC.PH.PRP)

Nuclei List

Below nuclei list is upper part of brain hierarchy up to mapped regions. Coverage verified by:

• NL stands for !NeuroLex identification of [[2]] and [Cord] components.
• [Brain Atlas Nomenclatures]
• [line ontology - Brain]

Forebrain Telencephalon

(generated)

• *Olfactory System (FT.OLF)* -> BrainAreaLPC

* Main Olfactory Bulb * (LPC.FT.MOB, sensory)*
* Accessory Olfactory Bulb * (LPC.FT.AOB, sensory)*
* Anterior Olfactory Nucleus * (LPC.FT.AON, processor)* = wiki:[olfactory nucleus]

• *Extended Amygdala (FAM.FT.EXTAM)* = NA:[complex]

* *Amygdala (FAM.FT.AM)* = NL:[[3]] -> BrainAreaFAM
 * *Basolateral Nuclear Complex (FAM.FT.AM.BL, relay)* = NL:[nuclear complex] = NL:[amygdaloid area]
  * *Lateral Amygdaloid Nucleus (FAM.FT.AM.LA)* = NL:[amygdaloid nucleus]
   * Dorsolateral Amygdaloid Nucleus * (FAM.FT.AM.LADL)* = NL:[amygdaloid nucleus, dorsolateral part]
   * Ventrolateral Amygdaloid Nucleus * (FAM.FT.AM.LAVL)* = NL:[amygdaloid nucleus, ventrolateral part]
   * Ventromedial Amygdaloid Nucleus * (FAM.FT.AM.LAVM)* = NL:[amygdaloid nucleus, ventromedial part]
  * *Basal Amygdaloid Nucleus (FAM.FT.AM.B)* = NL:[amygdaloid nucleus]
   * Parvicellular Basal Amygdaloid Nucleus * (FAM.FT.AM.BP)* = NL:[part of basal amygdaloid nucleus]
   * Magnocellular Basal Amygdaloid Nucleus * (FAM.FT.AM.BM)* = NL:[part of basal amygdaloid nucleus]
  * Accessory Basal Amygdaloid Nucleus * (FAM.FT.AM.AB)* = NL:[basal amygdaloid nucleus]
 * *Corticomedial Nuclear Complex (FAM.FT.AM.CTM)* = NL:[nuclear complex]
  * *Cortical Amygdaloid Nucleus (FAM.FT.AM.CO)* = NL:[amygdaloid nucleus]
   * Anterior Cortical Amygdaloid Nucleus * (FAM.FT.AM.COA, relay)*
   * Posterior Cortical Amygdaloid Nucleus * (FAM.FT.AM.COP, relay)*
  * *Centromedial Nuclei (FAM.FT.AM.CM)*
   * *Central Amygdala (FAM.FT.AM.CEA)* = NL:[amygdaloid nucleus]
    * Central Amygdaloid Nucleus, capsular subdivision * (FAM.FT.AM.CEC, relay)* = NL:[central nucleus of the amygdala]
    * Central Amygdaloid Nucleus, lateral subdivision * (FAM.FT.AM.CEL, relay)* = NL:[central nucleus of the amygdala]
    * Medial Central Amygdaloid Nucleus * (FAM.FT.AM.CEM, relay)* = NL:[central nucleus of the amygdala]
   * *Medial Amygdala (FAM.FT.AM.M)* = NL:[amygdala] = NL:[amygdaloid nucleus]
    * Medial Anterior Amygdaloid Nucleus * (FAM.FT.AM.MEA, relay)*
    * Medial Posteror Dorsal Amygdaloid Nucleus * (FAM.FT.AM.MPD, relay)*
    * Medial Posteror Ventral Amygdaloid Nucleus * (FAM.FT.AM.MPV, relay)*
 * Intercalated Amygdaloid Nuclei * (FAM.FT.AM.ITC, relay)* = NL:[amygdaloid nuclei]
* *Septal Nucleus (FAM.FT.SEP)* = NL:[nuclear complex] -> BrainAreaFAM
 * *Dorsal Septal Nucleus (FAM.FT.SEP.DS)* = NL:[septal nucleus]
  * *Lateral Septal Group (FAM.FT.SEP.LG)* = NL:[septal nuclei]
   * Lateral Septal Nucleus * (FAM.FT.SEP.LT, relay)* = NL:[septal nucleus]
   * Septohippocampal Nucleus * (FAM.FT.SEP.SH, relay)* = NL:[nucleus]
  * *Medial Septal Group (FAM.FT.SEP.MG)*
   * Medial Septal Nucleus * (FAM.FT.SEP.MED, relay)* = NL:[septal nucleus]
   * Diagonal Band of Broca * (FAM.FT.SEP.DBB, relay)* = NL:[of the diagonal band]
 * *Posterior Septal Group (FAM.FT.SEP.PG)*
  * Bed Nucleus of Anterior Commissure * (FAM.FT.SEP.BAC, relay)* = NL:[of anterior commissure]
  * Septofimbrial Nucleus * (FAM.FT.SEP.SF, relay)* = NL:[nucleus]
  * Triangular Septal Nucleus * (FAM.FT.SEP.TR, relay)* = NL:[septal nucleus]
* Endopiriform Nucleus * (FAM.FT.EPF, relay)* = NL:[nucleus] -> BrainAreaFAM
* Bed Nucleus of Stria Terminalis * (FAM.FT.BNST, relay)* = NL:[nucleus of stria terminalis] -> BrainAreaFAM
* *Substantia innominata (FT.SIN, relay)* -> BrainAreaLMC
 * Basal Nucleus of Meynert * (LMC.FT.NBM)* = NL:[nucleus] = NL:[innominata]
* *Interstitial Anterior Commissural Nucleus (FAM.FT.IPAC)* = NL:[nucleus of the posterior limb of the anterior commissure]
 * Medial Interstitial Anterior Commissural Nucleus * (FAM.FT.IPAC.MED, relay)* -> BrainAreaFAM
 * Lateral Interstitial Anterior Commissural Nucleus * (FEC.FT.IPAC.LT, relay)* -> BrainAreaFEC

• *Basal Ganglia (BGA.FT.BG)* -> BrainAreaFEC

* *Striatum (BGA.FT.ST)*
 * *Ventral Striatum (BGA.FT.VST, relay)*
  * *Accumbens Nucleus (FEC.FT.ACC)* = NL:[accumbens]
   * Nucleus Accumbens Core * (FEC.FT.ACC.CORE)* = NL:[of nucleus accumbens]
   * Nucleus Accumbens Shell * (FEC.FT.ACC.SH)* = NL:[of nucleus accumbens]
  * Ventral Putamen * (FEC.FT.PU.VT)* = NL:[putamen]
 * *Dorsal Striatum (BGA.FT.DST)*
  * *Caudate Nucleus (BGA.FT.CN)* = NL:[nucleus]
   * Caudate Nucleus Head * (FEC.FT.CN.HD, relay)*
   * Caudate Nucleus Body * (FEC.FT.CN.BD, relay)*
   * Caudate Nucleus Tail * (FEC.FT.CN.TL, relay)*
  * *Dorsal Putamen (BGA.FT.DPU)* = NL:[[4]]
* *Globus Pallidus (BGA.FT.GP)* = NL:[pallidus]
 * *Dorsal Pallidum (BGA.FT.DP)* = NL:[globus pallidus]
  * *Globus Pallidus External (BGA.FT.GPE)* = NL:[pallidus external segment]
   * Globus Pallidus External Lateral * (FEC.FT.GPE.LT, relay)*
   * Globus Pallidus External Medial * (FEC.FT.GPE.MED, relay)*
   * Globus Pallidus External Dorsal * (FEC.FT.GPE.DS, relay)*
   * Globus Pallidus External Rostromedial * (FEC.FT.GPE.RM, relay)*
   * Globus Pallidus External Dorsolateral * (FEC.FT.GPE.DL, relay)*
  * *Globus Pallidus Internal (BGA.FT.GPI)* = NL:[pallidus internal segment]
   * Globus Pallidus Internal Lateral * (FEC.FT.GPI.LT, relay)* = NL:[globus pallidus]
   * Globus Pallidus Internal Medial * (FEC.FT.GPI.MED, relay)* = NL:[globus pallidus]
   * Globus Pallidus Internal Dorsal * (FEC.FT.GPI.DS, relay)*
   * Globus Pallidus Internal Rostromedial * (FEC.FT.GPI.RM, relay)*
   * Globus Pallidus Internal Dorsolateral * (FEC.FT.GPI.DL, relay)*
 * *Ventral Pallidum (FEC.FT.VP)* = NL:[pallidum]
  * Ventral Pallidum Dorsolateral * (FEC.FT.VP.DL, relay)*
  * Ventral Pallidum Ventromedial * (FEC.FT.VP.VM, relay)*
* *Substantia Nigra (BGA.FT.SN)* = NL:[nigra]
 * *Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta (LMC.FT.SNC)* = NL:[nigra pars compacta]
  * Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Lateral * (FEC.FT.SNC.LT, relay)* = NL:[substantia nigra pars compacta]
  * Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Medial * (FEC.FT.SNC.MED, relay)* = NL:[substantia nigra pars compacta]
 * *Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata (LMC.FT.SNR)* = NL:[nigra pars reticulata]
  * Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Dorsolateral * (FEC.FT.SNR.DL, relay)*
  * Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Rostromedial * (FEC.FT.SNR.RM, relay)*
  * Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Ventrolateral * (FEC.FT.SNR.VL, relay)*
  * Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Medial * (FEC.FT.SNR.MED, relay)*

• *Hippocampal Formation (HBA.FT.HF)* -> BrainAreaFMM

* *Hippocampus (HBA.FT.HC)* = NL:[[5]]
 * Dentate Gyrus * (FMM.FT.HC.DG, processor)* = NL:[gyrus]
 * *Ventrolateral Cornu Ammonis of Hippocampus (FMM.FT.HC.CA1)* = NL:[[6]]
  * Proximal CA1 of Hippocampus * (FMM.FT.HC.CA1P, processor)*
  * Middle CA1 of Hippocampus * (FMM.FT.HC.CA1M, processor)*
  * Distal CA1 of Hippocampus * (FMM.FT.HC.CA1D, processor)*
 * Dorsolateral Cornu Ammonis of Hippocampus * (FMM.FT.HC.CA2, processor)* = NL:[[7]]
 * *Dorsomedial Cornu Ammonis of Hippocampus (FMM.FT.HC.CA3)* = NL:[[8]]
  * Proximal CA1 of Hippocampus * (FMM.FT.HC.CA3P, processor)*
  * Middle CA1 of Hippocampus * (FMM.FT.HC.CA3M, processor)*
  * Distal CA1 of Hippocampus * (FMM.FT.HC.CA3D, processor)*
* *Subiculum (FMM.FT.HF.SUB)* = NL:[[9]]
 * Proximal Subiculum * (FMM.FT.HF.SUBP, processor)* = NL:[subiculum]
 * Middle Subiculum * (FMM.FT.HF.SUBM, processor)*
 * Distal Subiculum * (FMM.FT.HF.SUBD, processor)*

Forebrain Diencephalon

(generated)

• *Habenula (FAM.FD.HB, relay)* = NL:[[10]] -> BrainAreaFAM

* *Lateral Habenula (LAC.FD.LHB)* = NL:[habenular nucleus]
 * Lateral Habenula Medial Part * (FAM.FD.LHB.MED)*
 * Lateral Habenula Lateral Part * (FAM.FD.LHB.LT)*
* Medial Habenula * (FAM.FD.MHB)* = NL:[habenular nucleus]

• *Hypothalamus (HTA.FD.HT)* = NL:[[11]]

* *Mammillary Body (FD.MB)* = NL:[body] -> BrainAreaFMM
 * Lateral Mammillary Nucleus * (FMM.FD.MB.LMB, processor)* = NL:[mammillary nucleus]
 * Medial Mammillary Nucleus * (FMM.FD.MB.MMB, relay)* = NL:[mammillary nucleus]
* *Anterior Hypothalamus Area (HTA.FD.HT.AHT)* = NL:[hypothalamus] = NL:[hypothalamic region] -> BrainAreaLAC
 * *Chiasmatic Area (HTA.FD.HT.CHS)*
  * Preoptic Nucleus * (LAC.FD.HT.PO, relay)* = NL:[area]
   * *Medial Preoptic Nucleus (HTA.FD.HT.MPO)* = NL:[preoptic nucleus] = NL:[preoptic nucleus] = NL:[preoptic region]
   * *Lateral Preoptic Nucleus (HTA.FD.HT.LPO)* = NL:[preoptic nucleus]
  * Supraoptic Nucleus * (LAC.FD.HT.SO, relay)* = NL:[nucleus]
  * Suprachiasmatic Nucleus * (LAC.FD.HT.SCN, relay)* = NL:[nucleus]
  * Retrochiasmatic Nucleus * (LAC.FD.HT.RCH, relay)* = NL:[area]
 * *Tuberal Area (HTA.FD.HT.TUB)* = NL:[cinereum] = NL:[hypothalamic region]
  * Paraventricular Nucleus * (LAC.FD.HT.PV, relay)* = NL:[nucleus of hypothalamus] = NL:[hypothalamic region]
  * Anterior Hypothalamic Nucleus * (LAC.FD.HT.AH, relay)* = NL:[nucleus of hypothalamus]
  * Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus * (LAC.FD.HT.VM, relay)* = NL:[nucleus of hypothalamus]
  * Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus * (LAC.FD.HT.AR, relay)* = NL:[nucleus of hypothalamus]
* *Posterior Hypothalamic Area (HTA.FD.HT.POS)* = NL:[hypothalamic region] -> BrainAreaLAC
 * Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nucleus * (LAC.FD.HT.DM, relay)* = NL:[nucleus of hypothalamus]
 * Posterior Hypothalamic Nucleus * (LAC.FD.HT.PN, relay)* = NL:[nucleus of hypothalamus]
* *Lateral Hypothalamic Area (HTA.FD.HT.LT)* = NL:[hypothalamic area] = NL:[hypothalamic region] -> BrainAreaLAC
 * Lateral Hypothalamic Nucleus * (LAC.FD.HT.LTN, relay)* = NL:[hypothalamic nucleus]
 * *Lateral Tuberal Nuclei (HTA.FD.HT.LTUB)* = NL:[tuberal nuclear complex]
  * Supramammillary Nucleus * (LAC.FD.HT.SUM, relay)* = NL:[nucleus]
  * Tuberomammillary Nucleus * (LAC.FD.HT.TBM, relay)* = NL:[nucleus]
  * Premammillary Nucleus * (LAC.FD.HT.PRM, relay)* = NL:[nucleus]

• Retina * (LPC.FD.RT, relay)* -> BrainAreaLPC
• *Subthalamus Area (BGA.FD.STA)* = NL:[[12]] -> BrainAreaFEC

* *Subthalamic Nucleus (BGA.FD.STN)* = NL:[nucleus]
 * Subthalamic Nucleus Caudal * (FEC.FD.STN.CD, relay)*
  * *Zona Incerta (BGA.FD.STN.ZI)* = NL:[incerta]
 * Subthalamic Nucleus Internal Caudal * (FEC.FD.STN.ICD, relay)*
 * Subthalamic Nucleus Dorsolateral * (FEC.FD.STN.DL, relay)*
 * Subthalamic Nucleus Lateral * (FEC.FD.STN.LT, relay)*
 * Subthalamic Nucleus Medial * (FEC.FD.STN.MED, relay)*

• *Thalamus (FD.TH)* = NL:[[13]] = NL:[of the thalamus]

* Lateral Geniculate Nucleus * (NSA.FD.LGN, relay)* = NL:[geniculate body] -> BrainAreaNSA
* Medial Geniculate Body * (NSA.FD.TH.MGB, relay)* = NL:[geniculate body] -> BrainAreaNSA
* *Pulvinar (FD.PV)* = NL:[[14]]
 * Inferior Pulvinar * (NSA.FD.TH.IPV, relay)* = NL:[pulvinar nucleus] -> BrainAreaNSA
 * Lateral Pulvinar * (NSA.FD.TH.LPV, relay)* = NL:[pulvinar nucleus] -> BrainAreaNSA
 * Medial Pulvinar * (NPE.FD.TH.MPV, relay)* = NL:[pulvinar] = NL:[pulvinar nucleus] -> BrainAreaNPE
 * Oral Pulvinar * (NPE.FD.TH.OPV, processor)* = NL:[pulvinar nucleus] -> BrainAreaNPE
* *Anterior Nucleus of Thalamus (FD.TH.AN)* = NL:[nuclear group]
 * Anteromedial Nucleus * (NCP.FD.TH.AM, processor)* = NL:[nucleus] -> BrainAreaNCP
 * Anteroventral Nucleus * (FMM.FD.TH.AV, processor)* = NL:[nucleus] -> BrainAreaFMM
 * Anterodorsal Nucleus * (FMM.FD.TH.AD, processor)* = NL:[nucleus] -> BrainAreaFMM
* *Intralaminar and Midline Nuclei of Thalamus (BGA.FD.TH.IML)*
 * *Intralaminar Nuclear Group of Thalamus (BGA.FD.TH.IL)* = NL:[nuclear group] -> BrainAreaFEC
  * Rostral Intralaminar Nuclear Group of Thalamus * (FEC.FD.TH.RIL, processor)*
  * *Caudal Intralaminar Nucleus of Thalamus (FEC.FD.TH.CIL)* = NL:[intralaminar nuclei]
   * Centromedian Nucleus of Thalamus * (FEC.FD.TH.CM, relay)* = NL:[nucleus]
   * Parafascicular Nucleus of Thalamus * (FEC.FD.TH.PF, relay)* = NL:[nucleus]
 * *Midline Nuclear Group of Thalamus (FD.TH.MTH)* = NL:[nuclear group]
  * *Dorsal Midline Nuclear Group of Thalamus (FD.TH.MDT)* = NL:[dorsal nucleus]
   * Paratenial Nucleus of Thalamus * (FAM.FD.TH.PT, relay)* = NL:[nucleus] -> BrainAreaFAM
   * Paraventricular Nucleus of Thalamus * (LPC.FD.TH.PV, relay)* = NL:[nucleus of thalamus] -> BrainAreaLPC
  * *Ventral Midline Nuclear Group of Thalamus (FD.TH.MVT)*
   * Reuniens Nucleus of Thalamus * (FMM.FD.TH.RE, relay)* = NL:[nucleus] -> BrainAreaFMM
   * Rhomboidal Nucleus of Thalamus * (FEC.FD.TH.RH, relay)* = NL:[nucleus] -> BrainAreaFEC
   * Subfascicular Nucleus of Thalamus * (LLC.FD.TH.SF, relay)* = NL:[nucleus] -> BrainAreaLLC
* *Lateral Thalamus (FD.TH.LTH)* = NL:[nuclear group] = NL:[thalamus]
 * Lateral Dorsal Nucleus of Thalamus * (FMM.FD.TH.LD, processor)* = NL:[dorsal nucleus] -> BrainAreaFMM
 * Lateral Posterior Nucleus of Thalamus * (NPE.FD.TH.LP, processor)* = NL:[posterior nucleus] -> BrainAreaNPE
* *Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus (FCA.FD.TH.MD)* = NL:[dorsal nucleus] = NL:[thalamus]
 * Medial Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus * (NDM.FD.TH.MDM, processor)* = NL:[mediodorsal nucleus] = NL:[part of medial dorsal nucleus] -> BrainAreaNDM
 * Central Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus * (NCP.FD.TH.MDC, processor)* = NL:[part of medial dorsal nucleus] = NL:[part of medial dorsal nucleus] =  -> BrainAreaNCP
 * Lateral Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus * (NMA.FD.TH.MDL, processor)* = NL:[part of medial dorsal nucleus] -> BrainAreaNMA
* *Posterior Thalamus (FD.TH.PTH)* = NL:[nuclear complex] = NL:[thalamus]
 * Limitans Nucleus of Thalamus * (FEC.FD.TH.LI, processor)* = NL:[nucleus] -> BrainAreaFEC
 * Suprageniculate Nucleus of Thalamus * (NSA.FD.TH.SG, processor)* = NL:[nucleus] -> BrainAreaNSA
 * Submedial Nucleus of Thalamus * (NDM.FD.TH.SM, relay)* = NL:[nucleus] -> BrainAreaNDM
* *Ventral Thalamus (FD.TH.VTH)* = NL:[nuclear group] = NL:[thalamic]
 * Ventral Anterior Nucleus * (NMA.FD.TH.VA, processor)* = NL:[anterior nucleus] -> BrainAreaNMA
 * Ventral Lateral Nucleus * (NMA.FD.TH.VL, relay)* = NL:[lateral nucleus] -> BrainAreaNMA
  * *Medial Part of Ventral Lateral Nucleus (MCA.FD.TH.VLO)* = NL:[part of ventral lateral nucleus]
 * *Ventral Posterior Nucleus (SMA.FD.TH.VP)* = NL:[posterior nucleus] -> BrainAreaNSA
  * Ventral Posteroinferior Nucleus * (NSA.FD.TH.VPI, relay)* = NL:[posteroinferior nucleus]
  * Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus * (NSA.FD.TH.VPL, relay)* = NL:[posterolateral nucleus]
  * Ventral Posteromedial Nucleus * (NSA.FD.TH.VPM, relay)* = NL:[posteromedial nucleus]

Midbrain Mesencephalon

(generated)

• *Perhipheral Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon (MM.PER)*

* Oculomotor Nucleus * (LPC.MM.OCN, relay)* = NL:[nuclear complex] -> BrainAreaLPC
* Trochlear Nucleus * (LPC.MM.TRH, relay)* = NL:[nucleus] -> BrainAreaLPC
* Edinger-Westphal Nucleus * (LAC.MM.EWN, parasympathetic)* = NL:[oculomotor nucleus] -> BrainAreaLAC
* Mesencephalic Trigeminal Nucleus * (LPC.MM.MSTR, sensory)* = NL:[nucleus of trigeminal nerve] -> BrainAreaLPC (sensory neurons of masticatory muscles, the teeth, the mandibular joint, the mandible, the maxilla and the intraocular muscles; most to motor trigeminal, few - to principal trigeminal)

• *Mesencephalic Reticular Formation (MM.RF)*

* *Mesencephalic Reticular Formation, Medial Column (MM.RF.MED)* -> BrainAreaLLC
 * Cuneiform Nucleus * (LLC.MM.CNF, relay)* = NL:[nucleus]
 * Subcuneiform Nucleus * (LLC.MM.SCNF, relay)* = NL:[nucleus]
* *Mesencephalic Reticular Formation, Midline Column (MM.RF.MID)* = NL:[raphe nuclei]
 * Superior Central Raphe Nucleus * (LMC.MM.RF.SUC, relay)* = NL:[central nucleus] -> BrainAreaLMC
 * Dorsal Raphe Nucleus * (LMC.MM.RP.DRN, relay)* = NL:[raphe nucleus] -> BrainAreaLMC
 * Raphe Interpositus Nucleus * (LRC.MM.RP.RIP, relay)* = NL:[interpositus nucleus] -> BrainAreaLRC

• *Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon (MM.REF)*

* *Auditory Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon (MM.REF.AUD, relay)* -> BrainAreaLPC
 * *Inferior Colliculus (ABA.MM.IC)* = NL:[colliculus]
  * Central Nucleus of Inferior Colliculus * (LPC.MM.CIC)* = NL:[nucleus of inferior colliculus]
  * External Nucleus of Inferior Colliculus * (LRC.MM.EIC)* = NL:[nucleus of inferior colliculus]
 * Superior Olivary Complex * (LPC.MM.SOC)* = NL:[olivary complex]
  * *Trapezoid Body Nucleus (ABA.MM.SOC.TZ)* = NL:[nuclear complex] = NL:[body]
* *Visual Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon (MM.REF.VIS)* -> BrainAreaLRC
 * *Superior Colliculus (MM.SC)* = NL:[colliculus]
  * Superficial Superior Colliculus * (LRC.MM.SC.SUP, relay)* = wiki:[Superior colliculus]
   * *Stratum Zonale, Lamina I (VBA.MM.SC.SZ)* = NL:[colliculus stratum zonale]
   * *Stratum Griseum Supeficiale, Lamina II (VBA.MM.SC.SGZ)* = NL:[colliculus superficial gray layer]
   * *Stratum Opticum, Lamina III (VBA.MM.SC.SO)* = NL:[colliculus stratum opticum]
  * Intermediate Superior Colliculus * (LRC.MM.SC.INT, relay)* = other:[colliculus]
   * *Stratum Griseum Intermediale, Lamina IV (VBA.MM.SC.SGI)*
   * *Stratum Album Intermediale, Lamina V (VBA.MM.SC.SAI)*
  * Deep Superior Colliculus * (LRC.MM.SC.DEEP, relay)* = wiki:[Superior colliculus]
   * *Stratum Griseum Profundum, Lamina VI (VBA.MM.SC.SGP)*
   * *Stratum Album Profundum, Lamina VII (VBA.MM.SC.SAP)*
 * *Supraoculomotor Area (VBA.MM.SOA)* = NL:[nuclear complex]
  * Cajal Nucleus * (LRC.MM.CJ, relay)* = NL:[nucleus of Cajal]
  * Rostral Interstitial Nucleus of MLF * (LRC.MM.RIMLF, relay)*
  * Darkschewitsch Nucleus * (LRC.MM.DSCH, relay)* = NL:[of Darkschewitsch]
 * *Pretectum (MM.PT)* = NL:[[15]]
  * Anterior Pretectum Nucleus * (LRC.MM.PT.PTA, relay)* = NL:[pretectal nucleus]
  * Nucleus of Optic Tract * (LRC.MM.PT.NOT, relay)* = NL:[of optic tract]
  * Pretectal Olivary Nucleus * (LRC.MM.PT.PON, relay)* = NL:[pretectal nucleus]
  * Principal Pretectal Nucleus * (LRC.MM.PT.PR, relay)* = NL:[pretectal nucleus]
  * Sublentiform Nucleus * (LRC.MM.PT.SL, relay)* = NL:[nucleus]

• Red Nucleus * (LLC.MM.RD, relay)* = NL:[nucleus] -> BrainAreaLLC
• Periaqueductal Gray Matter * (LMC.MM.PAG, relay)* = NL:[periaqueductal gray] -> BrainAreaLMC
• Ventral Tegmental Area * (LMC.MM.VTA, relay)* = NL:[tegmental nucleus] = NL:[tegmental area] -> BrainAreaLMC

* *Raphe Nucleus Linearis (LMC.HP.RP.LI)* = NL:[central nucleus]

Hindbrain Metencephalon

(generated)

• Abducens Nucleus * (LPC.HP.ABD, relay)* = NL:[abducens nucleus] -> BrainAreaLPC
• Barrington's Nucleus * (LAC.HP.BR, relay)* = NL:[nucleus] -> BrainAreaLAC
• *Cerebellum (LLC.HP.CR)* = Cerebellum -> BrainAreaLLC

* *Cerebellar Cortex (LLC.HP.CR.CTX)* = NL:[cortex]
 * Cerebrocerebellum * (LLC.HP.CR.CC, relay)* = NL:[lobe]
 * Spinocerebellum * (LLC.HP.CR.SC, relay)* = NL:[lobe]
 * Vestibulocerebellum * (LLC.HP.CR.VC, relay)* = NL:[lobe]
* *Deep Cerebellar Nuclei (LLC.HP.CR.DCN)*
 * Dentate Nucleus * (LLC.HP.CR.DN, relay)* = NL:[nucleus]
 * *Interposed Nucleus (LLC.HP.CR.IP)*
  * Emboliform Nucleus * (LLC.HP.CR.EN, relay)* = NL:[nucleus]
  * Globose Nucleus * (LLC.HP.CR.GN, relay)* = NL:[nucleus]
 * Fastigual Nucleus * (LLC.HP.CR.FN, relay)* = NL:[nucleus]

• Facial Motor Nucleus * (LPC.HP.FCM, relay)* = NL:[nucleus] -> BrainAreaLPC
• Incertus Nucleus * (FAM.HP.NI, relay)* = NL:[incertus] -> BrainAreaFAM
• *Pontine Tegmental Nuclei (HP.TG)*

* Ventral Tegmental Nucleus * (LMC.HP.TG.VTG, relay)* = NL:[tegmental nucleus] -> BrainAreaLMC
* Dorsal Tegmental Nucleus * (LMC.HP.TG.DTG, relay)* = NL:[tegmental nucleus] -> BrainAreaLMC
* Laterodorsal Tegmental Nucleus * (LMC.HP.TG.LDT, relay)* = NL:[tegmental nucleus] -> BrainAreaLMC
* *Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nuclei (LLC.HP.PPN)* = NL:[tegmental nucleus] -> BrainAreaFAM
 * Rostromedial Tegmental Nucleus * (FAM.HP.PPN.RMTG, relay)* = NL:[linear nucleus]
 * Interpeduncular Nucleus * (FAM.HP.PPN.IPD, relay)* = NL:[nucleus]

• *Pontine Reticular Formation (HP.RF)* = NL:[reticular formation]

* *Pontine Reticular Formation, Midline Column (HP.RF.MID, relay)* -> BrainAreaLMC
 * *Raphe Nuclei of Pons (FBA.HP.RP)* (Paramedian Reticular Nucleus)
  * Pontine Raphe Nucleus * (LMC.HP.RP.PRN)* = NL:[raphe nucleus]
* *Pontine Reticular Formation, Medial Column (HP.RF.MED)* = NL:[pontine reticular formation]
 * *Paramedian Pontine Reticular Formation (HP.PRF.PPRF)* -> BrainAreaLRC
  * Oral Pontine Reticular Nucleus * (LRC.HP.PRF.RPO, relay)* = NL:[pontine reticular nucleus]
  * Caudal Pontine Reticular Nucleus * (LRC.HP.PRF.CRF, relay)* = NL:[pontine reticular nucleus]
 * Locus Coeruleus * (LMC.HP.LC, relay)* = NL:[ceruleus] -> BrainAreaLMC
 * Parvocellular Reticular Nucleus * (LRC.HP.PRF.PVR, relay)* -> BrainAreaLRC
* *Pontine Reticular Formation, Lateral Column (HP.RF.LAT)*
 * Pontine Reticulotegmental Nucleus * (LLC.HP.PRF.PDT, relay)* = NL:[nucleus] -> BrainAreaLLC
 * Parabrachial Nucleus * (LPC.HP.PB, relay)* = NL:[nucleus] -> BrainAreaLPC

• *Pontine Nuclear Complex (MBA.HP.PN)* = NL:[nuclear complex]

* Pontobulbar Body * (LLC.HP.PN.PBB, relay)* = NL:[nucleus] -> BrainAreaLLC
* Rostral Pontine Nucleus * (LLC.HP.PN.RP, relay)* = NL:[pontine nuclei] -> BrainAreaLLC
* Kolliker-Fuse Nucleus * (LRC.HP.PN.KFN, relay)* = NL:[nucleus] -> BrainAreaLRC
* Nuclei of Lateral Lemniscus * (LPC.HP.PN.LL, relay)* = NL:[of the lateral lemniscus] -> BrainAreaLPC
* Nucleus Subceruleus * (LRC.HP.PN.SC, relay)* = NL:[subceruleus] -> BrainAreaLRC

• *Trigeminal Nucleus of Pons (HMA.HP.PTP)* -> BrainAreaLPC

* Principal Trigeminal Nucleus * (LPC.HP.PTP.PTR, relay)* = NL:[sensory nucleus of trigeminal nerve]
* Trigeminal Motor Nucleus * (LPC.HP.PTP.TRM, relay)* = NL:[root of trigeminal nerve]

• *Vestibular Nucleus (LPC.HP.VBN)* = NL:[nuclear complex] -> BrainAreaLPC

* Inferior Vestibular Nuclei * (LPC.HP.IVBN, relay)* = NL:[vestibular nucleus]
* Lateral Vestibular Nuclei * (LPC.HP.LVBN, relay)* = NL:[vestibular nucleus]
* Medial Vestibular Nucleus * (LPC.HP.MVBN, relay)* = NL:[vestibular nucleus]
* Superior Vestibular Nuclei * (LPC.HP.SVBN, relay)* = NL:[vestibular nucleus]

Hindbrain Myelencephalon

(generated)

• Accessory Cuneate Nucleus * (LPC.HM.ACU, relay)* = NL:[cuneate nucleus] -> BrainAreaLPC
• *Expiratory Center (HMA.HM.RC)*

* Ambiguus Nucleus * (LPC.HM.AMB, relay)* = NL:[ambiguus] -> BrainAreaLPC
* Retroambigualis Nucleus * (LRC.HM.RA, relay)* = NL:[retroambigualis] -> BrainAreaLRC

• Arcuate Nucleus of Medulla * (LLC.HM.ARC, relay)* = NL:[nucleus of medulla] -> BrainAreaLLC
• *Cochlear Nucleus (ABA.HM.COCH)* = NL:[nuclear complex] -> BrainAreaLPC

* Dorsal Cochlear Nucleus * (LPC.HM.DCOCH, relay)* = NL:[cochlear nucleus]
* Ventral Cochlear Nucleus * (LPC.HM.VCOCH, relay)* = NL:[cochlear nucleus]

• Cuneate Nucleus * (LPC.HM.CU, relay)* = NL:[nucleus] -> BrainAreaLPC
• Gracile Nucleus * (LPC.HM.GR, relay)* = NL:[nucleus] -> BrainAreaLPC
• Hypoglossal Motor Nucleus * (LPC.HM.HYG, relay)* = NL:[nucleus] -> BrainAreaLPC
• Inferior Olivary Nucleus * (LLC.HM.IO, relay)* = NL:[olivary complex] -> BrainAreaLLC
• Intercalated Nucleus of Medulla * (LRC.HM.INM, relay)* = NL:[intercalatus] -> BrainAreaLRC
• *Medullary Reticular Formation (HM.RF)* = NL:[reticular formation]

* *Medullary Reticular Formation, Midline Column (HM.RF.MID)* -> BrainAreaLMC
 * *Raphe Nuclei of Medulla (LMC.HM.RP)* = NL:[raphe nuclear complex]
  * Raphe Pallidus Nucleus * (LMC.HM.RP.PL, relay)* = NL:[raphe pallidus]
  * Raphe Obscurus Nucleus * (LMC.HM.RP.OB, relay)* = NL:[raphe obscurus]
  * Raphe Magnus Nucleus * (LMC.HM.RP.MG, relay)* = NL:[raphe magnus]
* *Medullary Reticular Formation, Medial Column (HM.RF.MED)* -> BrainAreaLRC
 * Central Medullary Reticular Nucleus * (LRC.HM.RF.MED, relay)*
 * Gigantocellular Reticular Nucleus * (LRC.HP.PRF.GCR, relay)* = NL:[paragigantocellular nucleus]
* *Medullary Reticular Formation, Lateral Column (HM.RF.LAT)* -> BrainAreaLLC
 * *Lateral Reticular Nucleus (LLC.HM.RF.LAT)* = NL:[reticular nucleus]
  * Lateral Reticular Nucleus, Parvocellular * (LLC.HM.RF.PLRN, relay)*
  * Lateral Reticular Nucleus, Magnocellular * (LLC.HM.RF.MLRN, relay)*
  * Lateral Reticular Nucleus, Subtrigeminal * (LLC.HM.RF.SLRN, relay)*

• Prepositus Nucleus * (LRC.HM.NPH, relay)* = NL:[prepositus] -> BrainAreaLRC
• *Salivatory Nucleus (AVA.HM.SAL)* -> BrainAreaLAC

* Inferior Salivatory Nucleus * (LAC.HM.SAL.ISL, parasympathetic)* = NL:[salivatory nucleus]
* Superior Salivatory Nucleus * (LAC.HM.SAL.SSL, parasympathetic)* = NL:[salivatory nucleus]

• Solitary Nucleus * (LPC.HM.SOL, relay)* = NL:[nucleus] -> BrainAreaLPC
• *Trigeminal Nucleus (HMA.HM.TGM)*

* Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus * (LPC.HM.TGM.STR, relay)* = NL:[trigeminal nucleus] -> BrainAreaLPC
 * *Trigeminal Caudal Nucleus (HMA.HM.TGM.CSTR)* = NL:[part of spinal trigeminal nucleus]
* Paratrigeminal Nucleus * (LRC.HM.TGM.PA5, relay)* = NL:[nucleus] -> BrainAreaLRC
* Peritrigeminal Nucleus * (LAC.HM.TGM.PE5, relay)* = NL:[nucleus] -> BrainAreaLAC

• Vagus Nucleus * (LAC.HM.VGN, parasympathetic)* = NL:[motor nucleus of vagus nerve] -> BrainAreaLAC

Spinal Cord

(generated)

• *Lateral Horn/Funiculus (BMA.SC.LH)*

* Lateral Cervical Nucleus * (LPC.SC.LH.LCV, relay)* = NL:[cervical nucleus] -> BrainAreaLPC
* Lateral Spinal Nucleus * (LAC.SC.LH.LSN, relay)* = NL:[spinal nucleus] -> BrainAreaLAC

• *Posterior/Dorsal Horn (BMA.SC.PH)* -> BrainAreaLPC

* *Lamina I (LPC.SC.PH.L1)*
 * *Marginal Nucleus (LPC.SC.PH.MG)* = NA:Marginal Nucleus = BP:[nucleus]
  * Upper Marginal Nucleus * (LPC.SC.PH.UMG, relay)*
  * Lower Marginal Nucleus * (LPC.SC.PH.LMG, relay)*
* *Lamina II (LPC.SC.PH.L2)*
 * *Substantia Gelatinosa (LPC.SC.PH.SG)* = NA:Gelatinosus substance = BP:[gelatinosa]
  * Upper Substantia Gelatinosa * (LPC.SC.PH.USG, relay)*
  * Lower Substantia Gelatinosa * (LPC.SC.PH.LSG, relay)*
* *Lamina III, IV (BMA.SC.PH.L34, relay)*
 * Proprius Nucleus * (LPC.SC.PH.NP)* = NA:Nucleus Proprius = NL:[proprius] = BP:[proprius dorsalis]
* *Lamina V, VI (BMA.SC.PH.L56, relay)*
 * Clarke Nucleus * (LPC.SC.PH.CL)* = NA:Nucleus thoracicus = NL:[Nucleus] = BP:[nucleus of Clarke]

• *Intermediate Zone (SC.IZ)*

* *Lamina VII (SC.IZ.L7)*
 * Central Cervical Nucleus * (LLC.SC.IZ.CCV, relay)* = NL:[cervical nucleus] -> BrainAreaLLC
 * Centrobasalis Nucleus * (LPC.SC.IZ.CBS, relay)* = NA:Central Nucleus = NL:[centrobasalis] -> BrainAreaLPC
 * Intermediomedial Nucleus * (LPC.SC.IZ.IMM, relay)* = NA:Intermediomedial nucleus = BP:[nucleus] -> BrainAreaLPC
 * *Intermediolateral Column (AVA.SC.IZ.IMLC)* -> BrainAreaLAC
  * Intermediolateral Nucleus * (LAC.SC.IZ.IML, sympathetic)* = NA:Intermediolateral nucleus = BP:[nucleus]
  * Ciliospinal Center * (LAC.SC.IZ.CSC, relay)* = NA:[Center]
  * Sacral Parasympathetic Nucleus * (LAC.SC.IZ.SPS, parasympathetic)* = BP:[parasympathetic nuclei]

• *Anterior/Ventral Horn (SC.VH)* -> BrainAreaLPC

* *Lamina VIII (SC.VH.L8)*
 * Ventromedial Nucleus * (LPC.SC.VH.VM, relay)* = NA:Anteromedial Nucleus = BP:[motor nucleus of spinal cord]
 * Posteromedial Nucleus * (LPC.SC.VH.PM, relay)* = NA:Posteromedial Nucleus
* *Lamina IX (SC.VH.L9)*
 * Ventrolateral Nucleus * (LPC.SC.VH.VL, relay)* = NA:Anterolateral Nucleus = BP:[motor nucleus of spinal cord]
 * Posterolateral Nucleus * (LPC.SC.VH.PL, relay)* = NA:Posterolateral Nucleus
 * Retroposterolateral Nucleus * (LPC.SC.VH.RPL, relay)* = NA:Retroposterior Lateral Nucleus
 * Spinal Accessory Nucleus * (LPC.SC.VH.SAN, relay)* = NA:Nucleus of Accessory Nerve = NL:[nucleus]
 * Phrenic Nucleus * (LPC.SC.VH.PHR, relay)* = NA:Nucleus of Phrenic Nerve = NL:[nucleus]
 * Onuf's Nucleus * (LPC.SC.VH.ONF, relay)* = NA:Lumbosacral Nucleus = NL:[nucleus]

• *Central canal (AVA.SC.CC, relay)* -> BrainAreaLAC

* *Lamina X (AVA.SC.CC.L10)*
 * Dorsal Commissural Nucleus * (LAC.SC.CC.DCN)* = BP:[nucleus of spinal cord]

Peripheral Nervous System

(generated)

• *Sympathetic Ganglia (PN.SYM)* -> BrainAreaLAC

* *Paravertebral Ganglia (VBA.PN.SYM.PA)*
 * Superior Cervical Ganglion * (LAC.PN.SYM.SCG, sympathetic)*
 * Middle Cervical Ganglion * (LAC.PN.SYM.MCG, sympathetic)*
 * Stellate Ganglion * (LAC.PN.SYM.STG, sympathetic)*
 * Sympathetic Thoracic Ganglia * (LAC.PN.SYM.TG, sympathetic)*
* *Prevertebral Ganglia (VBA.PN.SYM.PR)*
 * Coelic Ganglion * (LAC.PN.SYM.CEG, sympathetic)*
 * Superior Mesenteric Ganglion * (LAC.PN.SYM.SMG, sympathetic)*
 * Aorticorenal Ganglion * (LAC.PN.SYM.ARG, sympathetic)*
 * Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion * (LAC.PN.SYM.IMG, sympathetic)*

• *Parasympathetic Ganglia (PN.PSYM)* -> BrainAreaLAC

* Submandibular Ganglion * (LAC.PN.PSYM.SXG, parasympathetic)*
* Sphenopalatine Ganglion * (LAC.PN.PSYM.SPG, parasympathetic)*
* Ciliary Ganglion * (LAC.PN.PSYM.CLG, parasympathetic)*
* Episcleral Ganglion * (LAC.PN.PSYM.EPG, parasympathetic)*
* Otic Ganglion * (LAC.PN.PSYM.OTG, parasympathetic)*
* Intralaryngeal Peripheral Ganglion * (LAC.PN.PSYM.ILG, parasympathetic)*
* Pelvic Peripheral Ganglion * (LAC.PN.PSYM.PPG, parasympathetic)*
* Cardiac Ganglion * (LAC.PN.PSYM.CRG, parasympathetic)*
* Pulmonary Peripheral Ganglion * (LAC.PN.PSYM.PUG, parasympathetic)*
* Parasympathetic Gut Brain * (LAC.PN.PSYM.GUT, parasympathetic)*
 * *Myenteric Ganglion (AVA.PN.PSYM.MTG)*
 * *Submucosal Gut Ganglion (AVA.PN.PSYM.SGG)*

• *Sensory Ganglia (PN.SG)* -> BrainAreaLPC

* Trigeminal Ganglion * (LPC.PN.SG.TRG, sensory)*
* Geniculate Ganglion * (LPC.PN.SG.GNG, sensory)*
* Jugular Ganglion * (LPC.PN.SG.JUG, sensory)*
* Petrosal Ganglion * (LPC.PN.SG.PET, sensory)*
* Nodose Ganglion * (LPC.PN.SG.NOD, sensory)*
* Main Olfactory Epithelium * (LPC.PN.SG.MOE, sensory)*
* Vomeronasal Organ * (LPC.PN.SG.VNO, sensory)*
* Spiral Ganglion * (LPC.PN.SG.SP, sensory)*
* *Vestibular Ganglion (LPC.PN.SG.VB)* = NL:[ganglion]
 * Vestibular Ganglion - Semicircular Canal Neurons * (LPC.PN.SG.CVB, sensory)*
 * Vestibular Ganglion - Utricle Neurons * (LPC.PN.SG.UVB, sensory)*
 * Vestibular Ganglion - Saccule Neurons * (LPC.PN.SG.SVB, sensory)*
* *Dorsal Root Ganglion (AVA.PN.SG.DRG)*
 * Upper Dorsal Root Ganglion * (LPC.PN.SG.UDRG, sensory)*
  * *Cervical Dorsal Root Ganglia (AVA.PN.SG.DRG.CX)*
   * *Upper Cervical Dorsal Root Ganglia (AVA.PN.SG.DRG.UC)*
   * *Lower Cervical Dorsal Root Ganglia (AVA.PN.SG.DRG.LC)*
 * Lower Dorsal Root Ganglion * (LPC.PN.SG.LDRG, sensory)*

Cranial Nerves

Pons relay signals from the forebrain to the cerebellum, along with nuclei that deal primarily with:

• sleep
• respiration
• swallowing
• bladder control
• hearing
• equilibrium
• taste
• eye movement
• facial expressions
• facial sensation
• posture

Cranial nerves:

• 0 - *cranial nerve zero*: detection of pheromones
• 1 - *olfactory nerve*: transmits the sense of smell
• 2 - *optic nerve*: transmits visual information to the brain
• 3 - *oculomotor nerve*: perform most eye movements
• 4 - *trochlear nerve*: depresses, rotates laterally - around the optic axis, and intorts the eyeball
• 5 - *trigeminal nerve*: receives sensation from the face and innervates the muscles of mastication
• 6 - *abducens nerve*: abducts the eye
• 7 - *facial nerve*: motor innervation to the muscles of facial expression, receives the special sense of taste from anterior tongue, secretomotor innervation to the salivary glands and lacrimal gland
• 8 - *vestibulocochlear nerve*: senses sound, rotation and gravity, carries impulses for equilibrium
• 9 - *glossopharyngeal nerve*: receives taste from the posterior tongue
• 10 - *vagus nerve*: branchiomotor innervation to most laryngeal and all pharyngeal muscles, receives the special sense of taste from the epiglottis, controls muscles for voice and resonance and the soft palate
• 11 - *accessory nerve*: controls sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles, overlaps with functions of the vagus
• 12 - *hypoglossal nerve*: motor innervation to the muscles of the tongue, swallowing and speech articulation

Diagrams

• Brodmann Areas*:

• Spinal Cord Nuclei*:

• Left and Right Brains*:

• REM Sleep*:

References

• http://brainmind.com
• http://spot.colorado.edu/~dubin/talks/brodmann/brodmann.html
• http://dc405.4shared.com/doc/rLGjFQSL/preview.html
• http://www.skiltopo.com/brodmann.htm
• http://hendrix.imm.dtu.dk/services/brededatabase/WOROI_43.html
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_regions_in_the_human_brain
• http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/exchange/brains/structures
• http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/d/d_11/d_11_cr/d_11_cr_cyc/d_11_cr_cyc.html
• http://neurolex.org/wiki/Category:Regional_part_of_brain
• http://gillesdelatourettesyndrome.blogspot.ru/p/brain.html